基于分数阶时域Talbot效应的宽带射频信号实时频谱分析

提出一种基于分数阶时域Talbot效应的宽带射频信号实时频谱分析方案。该方案基于采样和色散结构,实现射频信号频率到光脉冲时间间隔的映射。通过预先经过一个满足分数阶时域Talbot距离的色散元件,光脉冲在采样之前的重复频率发生倍增。利用分数阶时域Talbot效应,可以显著提升系统的频率测量带宽。实验结果表明,利用9阶分数阶时域Talbot效应,实现29.7 GHz带宽内单音和双音射频信号的实时频谱分析。数值仿真结果进一步验证了该方案能够有效分析频率快速变化的宽带射频信号。该方案结构简单、带宽大、可实时处理,有望应用于电子对抗、宽带雷达、认知无线电等场景。

Two-Dimensional Talbot Effect with Atomic Density Gratings

We report the experimental observation of two-dimensional Talbot effect when a resonance plane wave interacts with a two-dimensional atomic density grating generated by standing wave manipulation of ultracold Bose gases. Clear self-images of the grating and sub-images with reversed phase or fractal patterns are observed. By calculating the autocorrelation functions of the images, the behavior of periodic Talbot images is studied. The Talbot effect with two-dimensional atomic density grating expands the applications of the Talbot effect in a wide variety of research fields.

基于分数Talbot效应的棋盘格状阵列照明器

基于分数Talbot效应,利用纯位相光栅设计了一种二维棋盘格状阵列照明器。利用菲涅尔衍射理论分析了平面光波照射下纯位相光栅衍射光场,得到位相调制为(0,π/2)的二阶纯位相光栅可以实现压缩比为2的棋盘格状阵列照明。利用二元光学器件制作技术,在光学玻璃基底上制作了位相光栅。在扩束激光光束照射下,在分数Talbot距离处获得了效率为83.2%的棋盘格状明暗相间光斑阵列。实验结果很好地验证了理论分析结论。研究结果对于光互连、光通信、光电混合处理领域中阵列微光束生成和应用都具有较高的理论和实用价值。

Irradiation effect on strain sensitivity coefficient of strain sensing fiber Bragg gratings

The effect of irradiation on the strain sensitivity coefficient of strain sensing fiber Bragg gratings （FBGs） has been investigated through experiments. FBGs were fabricated in single mode fibers with 3 tool% Ge-concentration in the core and with a H2-1oading treatment. In experiments, the FBGs were subjected to y-radiation exposures using a Co6~ source at a dose-rate of 25 Gy/min up to a total dose of 10.5 kGy. The GeO defect in fiber absorbs photons to form a GeE＇ defect; the interaction with H2 is a probable reason for the y-radiation sensitivity of gratings written in hydrogen loaded fibres, The effect mechanism of radiation on the strain sensitivity coefficient is similar to that of radiation on the temperature sensitivity coefficient. Radiation affects the effective index neff, which results in the change of the thermo-optic coefficient and the strain-optic coefficient. Irradiation can change the strain sensitivity coefficient of FBGs by 1.48%-2.71%, as well as changing the Bragg wavelength shift （BWS） by 22 pm-25 pm under a total dose of 10.5 kGy. Our research demonstrates that the effect of irradiation on the strain sensitivity coefficient of FBG is small and that strain sensing FBGs can work well in the radiation environment.

Optimal design of sub-wavelength metal rectangular gratings for polarizing beam splitter based on effective medium theory

A novel optimal design of sub-wavelength metal rectangular gratings for the polarizing beam splitter （PBS） is proposed. The method is based on effective medium theory and the method of designing single layer antireflection coating. The polarization performance of PBS is discussed by rigorous couple-wave analysis （RCWA） method at a wavelength of 1550 nm. The result shows that sub-wavelength metal rectangular grating is characterized by a high reflectivity, like metal films for TE polarization, and high transmissivity, like dielectric films for TM polarization. The optimal design accords well with the results simulated by RCWA method.

Effect of cyclotron resonance on ‘hot’ dispersion in a staggered double metallic grating sheet beam travelling wave tube

Based on the beam wave synchronous interaction in transverse and longitudinal directions at the same time and starting from Maxwell’s equation and linear Vlasov equation, the beam–wave interaction ‘hot’ dispersion equation considering both cyclotron resonance and Cherenkov resonance in a staggered double metallic grating traveling wave tube is deduced.Through the reasonable selection for geometric and electrical parameters, the numerical calculation and analysis of the ‘hot’ dispersion equation shows that the beam–wave interaction gain and frequency band with the cyclotron resonance enhancement effect are higher than those with only Cherenkov resonance radiation.

利用Gyrator正则变换实现环形激光阵列的Talbot效应

本文对环形激光阵列的Talbot效应进行了研究,利用Gyrator正则变换推导了极坐标下环形激光阵列的Talbot效应和自成像条件,并进一步分析了其在分数Talbot距离处的成像规律.通过FDTD Solutions软件对环形激光阵列在分数Talbot距离处的空间分布、相位分布进行模拟,得到与理论计算相一致的结果.通过与一维激光阵列分数Talbot效应的空间分布、相位分布情况进行对比分析,环形激光阵列可有效消除一维激光阵列的Talbot边缘效应,获得等光强分布的Talbot自再现像,扩展了Talbot效应在环形激光相干阵列锁相的应用.

Dynamic OADM Using Tunable Sampled Bragg Gratings Based on Vernier Effect

A novel dynamic optical add-drop multiplexer(OADM) scheme using tunable sampled fiber Bragg gratings(SFBG) by Vernier effect is firstly proposed. In this scheme, broad wavelength tuning range is achieved by only slightly adjusting the SFBG, the wavelength tuning of OADM will be faster than traditional dynamic OADM.

On the Validity of the Effective Index Method for Long Period Grating Photonic Crystal Fibers

This paper focuses on the investigation of modal characteristics and sensing properties of long period grating photonic crystal fibers (LPG-PCFs). An improved effective index method is employed with an objective to study its limitations for various designs of LPG-PCFs. Results so obtained with the above method are compared with the corresponding values of multiple multipole (MMP) method results which points the range of validity and applicability of the improved effective index method to LPG-PCFs. It is shown that this method is excellent when the surrounding media is assumed to be air. However, it becomes less accurate when the fiber is immersed into a liquid with a refractive index close to that of the cladding.

Effect of Phase Modulation on Electromagnetically Induced Grating in a Five-Level M-Type Atomic System

We theoretically investigate the phenomena of electromagnetically induced grating in an M-type five-level atomic system. It is found that a weak field can be effectively diffracted into high-order directions using a standing wave coupling field, and different depths of the phase modulation can disperse the diffraction light into different orders. When the phase modulation depth is approximated to the orders of π, 2π and 3π, the first-, second- and third-order diffraction intensity reach the maximum, respectively. Thus we can take advantage of the phase modulation to control the probe light dispersing into the required high orders.

Reflection Talbot Effect and Application

The reflection Talbot effect under the illumination of Gaussian spherical wave and plane wave is observed on 1D and 2D photonic crystal of silicon prepared by nanosecond laser. It is found that the distance between two adjacent Talbot images increases lineally with increasing of image distance as well as amplification of Talbot images under the illumination of Gaussian spherical wave. The result of theory is coincident with that of experiment, which shows that selecting suitable wavefront shape of input field can enlarge the amplification rate and improve the resolution of Talbot imaging. The reflection Talbot effect will have a lot of good application in microscopy of micro-fabrication on silicon, such as detecting period structures of plasma on line of PLD fabricating.

在超短脉冲照射下光栅的瞬时Talbot效应的研究

本文给出了光栅在超短脉冲照射下其瞬时 Fresnel衍射光场的解析解 .对该解析解的数值计算表明 :当脉冲光波的半极大值全宽 Δτ在几十个 fs内 ,光栅的瞬时 Talbot自成象现象消失 ,且 Δτ越小或距离越远 ,瞬时光强波形与初始波形差异较大 .而当 Δτ达到 ps的数值级时 ,瞬时

基于单质量块微纳光栅泰伯效应的双轴MOEMS加速度计

对一种基于单质量块微纳光栅泰伯效应双轴微光机电系统(MOEMS)加速度计进行了设计、加工与测试。利用有限元分析和时域有限差分法分别对双轴加速度计的敏感结构和光栅参数进行仿真优化。在保证加速度计高集成度的同时,为了实现双轴加速度的高精度测量,采用不同周期的两组光栅进行双轴加速度检测,通过磁控溅射工艺将两组光栅结构沉积在质量块的不同区域,最终通过阳极键合方式实现该双轴MOEMS加速度计的制备。实验结果表明,光栅泰伯效应双轴MOEMS加速度计x轴与y轴的灵敏度分别为3.36和3.54 V/g,零偏稳定性分别为25.53和20.91μg@1 s。该研究为实现高精度多轴加速度计提供了一种新的方法。

微纳光栅MOEMS加速度计优化设计与测试

提出了一种基于微纳光栅泰伯效应的微光机电系统(MOEMS)加速度计,通过Comsol软件对加速度计结构和光栅结构参数进行优化,使其在20g量程范围内获得较大的结构灵敏度和衍射效应灵敏度,同时通过仿真分析了该结构的交叉轴串扰情况。由于受外界温度起伏影响,双层光栅结构间距受热膨胀系数的影响产生相对位移。为了减小由于温度起伏对光栅加速度计零偏的影响,采用温度闭环反馈控制技术将加速度计温度变化控制在±10 mK范围内。经实验测试,加速度计零偏稳定性达3.7μg,相较于无温控情况提升了近7倍。最终实现光栅MOEMS加速度计的灵敏度达5.23 V/g,线性相关系数为99.9%,分辨率达286.8μg。

采用Talbot效应莫尔条纹的子波面斜率测量

为了实现大口径长焦距透镜波面精确测量,提出了一种基于朗奇光栅泰伯效应、莫尔条纹技术的子波面斜率测量方法。当子孔径光束照射在朗奇光栅上时,在光栅后周期位置出现光栅的泰伯像,如果将另一朗奇光栅放在光栅泰伯像的位置,在这块光栅后就会形成莫尔条纹,莫尔条纹会因子孔径光束的斜率微小变化而产生移动,通过计数移动的莫尔条纹数就可以得出子孔径光束的波面斜率。文章推导了子波面斜率的计算公式并进行了理论分析,从实验上对理论分析进行了验证。这种方法能够用于大口径波面检测中子孔径波面斜率的精确测量。

光栅MOEMS加速度计温度特性

由于硅微机械加速度计受温度影响,导致硅弹性模量和热膨胀系数发生变化,造成微光机电系统(MOEMS)加速度计标度因数漂移、测量稳定性下降等问题。首先,采用COMSOL软件对光栅MOEMS加速度计微机械结构部分进行了温度特性仿真,分析了硅弹性模量温度系数和热膨胀系数对光栅MOEMS加速度计微机械结构标度因数和零位的影响。其次,设计了温控精度达0.1℃的温度控制系统,并利用该系统对加速度计进行温度控制。最后,对光栅泰伯效应MOEMS加速度计温度特性展开测试,结果表明,加速度计的标度因数随温度升高而增大,零偏稳定性随温度的升高而降低,加速度计标度因数温度系数为0.30 V·g^(-1)·℃^(-1),零偏稳定性温度系数为-7.78μg/℃,其变化趋势与仿真结果一致。这为实现全温范围下高精度MOEMS加速度计奠定了基础。

基于Talbot效应检测光束准直性方法的研究

准直光束是光学检验以及对光学仪器进行标定时最为常用的光束,对光束的准直性检测方法进行研究具有十分重要的意义。迄今已提出了多种检测光束准直性的新技术,其中一种方法是基于Talbot效应检测光束的准直性,具体是根据光束经过两光栅形成的莫尔条纹的倾斜角大小来检测光束的准直程度。通过对以往检测方法进行改进,并分析讨论影响该方法精度的因素,理论上估算出了检测精度。结果表明该检测方法非常简单,并且有很高的检测精度。

用球面波确定曲率的TALBOT剪切干涉法

将Ｔａｌｂｏｔ效应与实验力学相结合，提出用斜入射的圆锥形扩散球面波通过衍射光栅产生的Ｔａｌｂｏｔ效应，测定板面曲率的剪切干涉云纹法。理论和实验表明：本方法不但从原理上概括了采用平面波的工作，而且在实践上把测试系统所需的光学元件减到最少，兼备了简易、灵活、实用等特点，对薄板的应力分析等有广阔的应用前景。

基于Talbot-Moiré法测量透镜焦距的莫尔条纹的图像处理

利用Ronchi光栅的Talbot效应和Moiré条纹测量了长焦透镜焦距,并根据焦距与莫尔条纹斜率之间的定量关系可求得透镜焦距.为获得条纹斜率,用CCD采集莫尔条纹图像后,利用数学形态学滤波方法进行图像滤波平滑等预处理,有效地增强了图像的对比度.通过二值化、细化获得单像素宽连通的条纹,通过对条纹进行标记,为条纹斜率的直线拟合计算提供了可靠的数据,采用这些数据计算的焦距的误差为0.10%.

基于Talbot-Moiré法的长焦透镜焦距测量的极限精度分析

长焦距测量的Talbot-Moiré法是研究热点,目前很多方法虽然都是基于Talbot现象和Moiré技术,但基本原理和实验方案各不相同,因此焦距计算公式也不相同。基于透镜位相变换作用,利用Talbot效应和Moiré条纹,通过图像处理的方法获得条纹的斜率变化,根据焦距与莫尔条纹斜率之间的关系求得透镜焦距。由于长焦透镜的焦距相对于被测透镜厚度大得多,完全可以看作是薄透镜对光束的变换,可用薄透镜对球面波的变换作用来近似表示其对高斯光束的变换。因此,该方法测量长焦透镜焦距对于高斯光束与非高斯光束焦距测量结果无差别,均适用。最后全面分析了该测量方法的误差及精度极限。在影响测量精度的各个误差因素中,光栅节距误差对焦距测量的影响最为显著。