Due to its long lifespan and high sand-removal efficiency,gravel packing is one of the most applied sand control methods during the recovery of reservoirs with sanding problems.The blockage and retention of injected s...Due to its long lifespan and high sand-removal efficiency,gravel packing is one of the most applied sand control methods during the recovery of reservoirs with sanding problems.The blockage and retention of injected sand in a gravel pack is a complex process affected by multiple mechanisms.The majority of existing studies based on the phenomenological deep bed filtration(DBF)theory focused on the gravel pack’s overall permeability damage and failed to obtain the inner-pore particle distribution pattern.In this work,experiments and simulations were carried out to reveal the particle distribution in a gravel pack during flooding.In particular,through real-time monitoring of particle migration,the penetration depth and distribution pattern of invaded particles with different gravel-sand particle ratios,fluid viscosities and injection rates could be determined.By simplifying each unit bed element(UBE)into a pore-throat structure with four tunnels(two horizontals for discharge and two verticals for sedimentation),a new network simulation method,which combines deep bed filtration with a particle trajectory model,was implemented.Cross comparison of experimental and numerical results demonstrates the validity and accuracy of the model.展开更多
Proppant plays a critical role in the exploitation of oil and gas,especially in the development of nonconventional oil and gas resources.Proppants are small spheres that have adequate strength to withstand high closur...Proppant plays a critical role in the exploitation of oil and gas,especially in the development of nonconventional oil and gas resources.Proppants are small spheres that have adequate strength to withstand high closure stresses to keep cracks open;therefore,hydrocarbon fows smoothly into the wellbore.However,traditional proppants are prone to settling in hydraulic fracturing operations,which seriously afects the operation efect.To this end,ultralow-weight proppants have been extensively employed in the petroleum industry.One of the widespread forms of ultralow-weight proppant application in the oil and gas industry is related to light density.Ultralow-weight proppants will provide substantial fow paths with a considerably high propped surface area and remarkably reduce fne generation and scaling.This paper presents a comprehensive review of over 50 papers published in the past several decades on ultralow-weight proppants.The purpose of this study is to provide an overview of the current ultralow-weight proppant development status in raw materials,manufacturing process,performance characteristics,hydrophobic and lipophilic capabilities,and feld application to promote the research of new ultralow-weight proppants.Lastly,this study analyzes the current challenges and emphasizes the development direction of fractured proppants.展开更多
基金supported by Outstanding Youth Fund of Shandong Province(ZR2020YQ36).
文摘Due to its long lifespan and high sand-removal efficiency,gravel packing is one of the most applied sand control methods during the recovery of reservoirs with sanding problems.The blockage and retention of injected sand in a gravel pack is a complex process affected by multiple mechanisms.The majority of existing studies based on the phenomenological deep bed filtration(DBF)theory focused on the gravel pack’s overall permeability damage and failed to obtain the inner-pore particle distribution pattern.In this work,experiments and simulations were carried out to reveal the particle distribution in a gravel pack during flooding.In particular,through real-time monitoring of particle migration,the penetration depth and distribution pattern of invaded particles with different gravel-sand particle ratios,fluid viscosities and injection rates could be determined.By simplifying each unit bed element(UBE)into a pore-throat structure with four tunnels(two horizontals for discharge and two verticals for sedimentation),a new network simulation method,which combines deep bed filtration with a particle trajectory model,was implemented.Cross comparison of experimental and numerical results demonstrates the validity and accuracy of the model.
基金The study was supported by Science Foundation of China University of Petroleum,Beijing(No.2462019YJRC008)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52074312).
文摘Proppant plays a critical role in the exploitation of oil and gas,especially in the development of nonconventional oil and gas resources.Proppants are small spheres that have adequate strength to withstand high closure stresses to keep cracks open;therefore,hydrocarbon fows smoothly into the wellbore.However,traditional proppants are prone to settling in hydraulic fracturing operations,which seriously afects the operation efect.To this end,ultralow-weight proppants have been extensively employed in the petroleum industry.One of the widespread forms of ultralow-weight proppant application in the oil and gas industry is related to light density.Ultralow-weight proppants will provide substantial fow paths with a considerably high propped surface area and remarkably reduce fne generation and scaling.This paper presents a comprehensive review of over 50 papers published in the past several decades on ultralow-weight proppants.The purpose of this study is to provide an overview of the current ultralow-weight proppant development status in raw materials,manufacturing process,performance characteristics,hydrophobic and lipophilic capabilities,and feld application to promote the research of new ultralow-weight proppants.Lastly,this study analyzes the current challenges and emphasizes the development direction of fractured proppants.
