Gravity and gravity gradient changes caused by a point dislocation

In this paper we studied gravitational potential, gravity and its gradient changes, which are caused by a pointdislocation, and gave the concise mathematical deduction with definite physical implication in dealing with thesingular integral at a seismic source. We also analysed the features of the fields of gravity and gravity gradient,gravity-vertical-displacement gradient. The conclusions a re: (1) Gravity and gravit y gradient changes are verysmall with the change of vertical positionl (2) Gravity change is much greater than the gravity gradient changewhich is not so distinct; (3) The gravity change due to redistribution of mass accounts for 10-50 percent of thetotal gravity change caused by dislocation. The signs (positive or negative) of total gravity change and verticaldisplacement are opposite each other at the same point for strike slip and dip slip 1 (4) Gravity-vertical displacement-gradient is not constantl it manifests a variety of patterns for different dislocation modelsl (5) Gravityvertical-displacement-gradient is approximately equal to a pparent gra vit y-- vert ical- displacement -gradient.

Potential sediment sources identification of debris flows in the Jiangjia Gully,China

It is of great significance for gully prevention and management to identify the potential sediment source of debris flow.Debris flow in a gully always originates from tributaries that have different gravity potential energies and sediment condition.In this study,tributaries of the Jiangjia Gully(JJG) in Yunnan province,China,are taken as the study area to determine the possible sediment sources of debris flow.It was found that tributaries with a high evolution index(EI,the integral of the hypsometric curve) always had high gravity potential energy,which favors the occurrence of landslide activity.Furthermore,the relationship between sediment distribution,gravity potential energy,and EI is compared,respectively.The results showed that the EI had a greater influence on the occurrence of landslides,and sediments were concentrated in tributaries with EI between 0.5 and 0.6.Accordingly,tributaries with EI > 0.5 were identified as the sediment sources of debris flow.In addition,the shape of a tributary was related to EI and can reflect the condition of water and sediment storage.

Gravitational Potential of Asteroids of Diverse Shapes

Asteroid research is of global security interest, we are more afraid about any impact of these asteroids on Earth. We seek through this work to provide a study on the effect of the asteroid’s shape on the gravity aspect. Knowledge of the potential is crucial to bodies approaching the asteroid. There is a range of asteroid shapes to consider. Some well-known asteroids such Ceres, Vesta, Iris and Oumuamua are considered in this study. After determining the moment of inertia of the asteroids depending on their materials, the gravity fields and the potential gravity of the asteroids are established when varying their shapes. A representation of the gravity field is given in three dimensional coordinate systems. Also, the behavior of the potential gravity is drawing in the function of the object’s location. The second part is dealing with the interpretation of all the obtained results in order to deduce some rules and features which would be useful for the identification of the asteroids. Thus, by the best knowledge of the effect of the asteroid’s shape, we would be more informed in the survey of the hazardous near earth objects.