Thoughts on Development of Green Agriculture and Green Economy——Based on the Survey of Farms in Qinhuangdao

Based on the concept and development process of green agriculture and green economy,the field survey and questionnaire investigation were carried out in Jincheng Specialized Planting Cooperative in Xinji Town,Changli County of Qinhuangdao City. The results show that there are still many problems in the development of green economy and the improvement of green farms in Hebei Province. On this basis,it came up with pertinent measures and recommendations,in the hope of providing theoretical basis and reference for establishment and development of green farms in Hebei Province and most of domestic areas.

A Comprehensive Study on Photovoltaic Irrigation System for Different Crop Cultivation： Financial Evaluation Perspective

This article investigates the feasibility of solar powered irrigation process in Bangladesh where photovoltaic technology could be used to gather solar energy for running a submersible pump and supply water for crop cultivation. It also depicts a comparative picture of irrigation costs for 27 Bangladeshi crops for diesel and photovoltaic irrigation systems. The researchers have collected data concerning required water height during farming of those crops and then have calculated water volume for 1 ha of land. Subsequently, two commonly used pumps （solar, diesel） with same power ratings （5 hp） have been chosen. Specific areas covered by these pumps for different crops are calculated furthermore from the attained water volumes. Finally, total irrigation costs （at present condition） of these types of irrigation choices for a period of 10 years have been computed and analyzed. The study highlights that irrigation with solar energy for certain crops, namely potato, cotton, soybean, sunflower, strawberry, lentil, mustard etc. are very much lucrative compared to diesel powered irrigation.

Green production of apples delivers environmental and economic benefits in China

Sustainable alternative farming systems are gaining popularity worldwide because of the negative effects of conventional agriculture on global climate change and the environmental degradation caused by intensive use of synthetic inputs.The green farming system in China is an integrated production strategy that focuses on reducing chemical fertilizer use while increasing organic manure inputs.Despite their rapid growth as more sustainable systems over the past decades,green farming systems have not been systematically evaluated to date.We used apple production as a representative case to assess the sustainability of green farming systems.Across major apple-producing regions in China,green farming reduced the application of chemical fertilizer nitrogen(N)by 46.8%(from 412 to 219 kg ha^(−1))and increased that of manure N by 33.1%(from 171 to 227 kg ha^(−1))on average compared with conventional systems enhancing N use efficiency by 7.27-20.27%and reducing N losses by 8.92%-11.56%.It also slightly lowered yield by 4.34%-13.8%in four provinces.Soil fertility was improved in green orchards through increases in soil organic matter,total N,and available major nutrients.Our cradle-to-farm-gate life-cycle assessment revealed that green farming helped to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions by an average of 12.6%,potentially contributing to a reduction of 165239 t CO_(2) eq annually in major apple-producing areas.In addition,green farming achieved 39.3%higher profitability($7180 ha^(−1) year−1)at the farmer level.Our study demonstrates the potential of green production of apples for the development of sustainable agriculture in China.These findings advance our understanding of sustainable alternative farming systems and offer perspectives for the sustainable development of global agriculture.