Green's function of multi-layered poroelastic half-space for models of ground vibration due to railway traffic

This study proposes a Green＇s function, an essential representation of water-saturated ground under moving excitation, to simulate ground borne vibration from trains. First, general solutions to the governing equations of poroelastic medium are derived by means of integral transform. Secondly, the transmission and reflection matrix approach is used to formulate the relationship between displacement and stress of the stratified ground, which results in the matrix of the Green＇s function. Then the Green＇s function is combined into a train-track-ground model, and is verified by typical examples and a field test. Additional simulations show that the computed ground vibration attenuates faster in the immediate vicinity of the track than in the surrounding area. The wavelength of wheel-rail unevenness has a notable effect on computed displacement and pore pressure. The variation of vibration intensity with the depth of ground is significantly influenced by the layering of the strata soil. When the train speed is equal to the velocity of the Rayleigh wave, the Mach cone appears in the simulated wave field. The proposed Green＇s function is an appropriate representation for a layered ground with shallow ground water table, and will be helpful to understand the dynamic responses of the ground to complicated moving excitation.

HALF-SPACE GREENS'S FUNCTION DUE TO A SPATIALLY HARMONIC LINE LOAD AND SCATTERED FIELDS IN THE FAR FIELD REGION

Half-space Green's function due to a spatially harmonic line load has been expressed as a sum of the full-space Green's functions and a 2-D integral representation of the reflected waves by the free surface of the half-space.By using the obtained half-space Green's function,an integral rep- resentation of the scattered waves by a cylindrical obstacle is then derived.Finally,by analyzing the far-zone behavior of the integrands of the integral representation.the far-field pattern of the scattered waves in a half-space obtained.

Solution of a Green's function for a saturated porous medium in a half-space subjected to a torsional force

Based on the solutions of the Green＇s function for a saturated porous medium obtained by the authors, and using transformation of axisymmetric coordinates, Sommerfeld integrals and superposition of the influence field on a free surface, the authors have obtained displacement solutions of a saturated porous medium subjected to a torsional force in a half-space. The relationship curves of the displacement solutions and various parameters （permeability, frequency, etc.） under action of a unit of torque are also given in this paper. The results are consistent with previous Reissner＇s solutions, where a two-phase medium decays to a single-phase medium. The solution is useful in solving relevant dynamic problems of a two- phase saturated medium in engineering.

An integrated approach to evaluation on ecological service functions for urban green space and its application

This methodological investigation deals with measurement and valuation of ecological service functions for urban green space. Social, economic and ecological dimensions for such types of function were analyzed and a concept “integrated ecological service functions” (IESF) was put forward for evaluation. Based upon this conceptual approach, an index system for measuring IESF for urban green space was established. With a methodological integration of fuzzy mathematics, decision making analysis and Delphi method, an AHP fuzzy evaluation techniques for IESF for urban green space, called AFIFUG method, was developed. Such a method has been directly applied to the land use strategic planning of Tianjin out ring green belt(TOGB), and its analysis results have been successfully put into operation.

In-plane dynamic Green's functions for inclined and uniformly distributed loads in a multi-layered transversely isotropic half-space

The dynamic stiffness method combined with the Fourier transform is utilized to derive the in-plane Green’s functions for inclined and uniformly distributed loads in a multi-layered transversely isotropic（TI）half-space.The loaded layer is fixed to obtain solutions restricted in it and the corresponding reactions forces,which are then applied to the total system with the opposite sign.By adding solutions restricted in the loaded layer to solutions from the reaction forces,the global solutions in the wavenumber domain are obtained,and the dynamic Green’s functions in the space domain are recovered by the inverse Fourier transform.The presented formulations can be reduced to the isotropic case developed by Wolf（1985）,and are further verified by comparisons with existing solutions in a uniform isotropic as well as a layered TI halfspace subjected to horizontally distributed loads which are special cases of the more general problem addressed.The deduced Green’s functions,in conjunction with boundary element methods,will lead to significant advances in the investigation of a variety of wave scattering,wave radiation and soil-structure interaction problems in a layered TI site.Selected numerical results are given to investigate the influence of material anisotropy,frequency of excitation,inclination angle and layered on the responses of displacement and stress,and some conclusions are drawn.

ELECTRO-ELASTIC GREEN'S FUNCTIONS FOR APIEZOELECTRIC HALF-SPACE ANDTHEIR APPLICATION

In this paper, as is studied are the electro-elastic solutions for a piezoelectric halfspace subjected Io a line force, a line charge and a line dislocation, i. e.. Green sfunclions on the basis of Stroh formalism and the concept of analytical continuation,explicit expressions for Green's functions are derived. As a direct application of theresults obtained, an infinite piezoelectric solid containing a semi-infinite crack isexammed. Attention iffocused on the stress and electric displacement fields of a cracktip. The stress and electric displacement intensity .factors are given explicitly.

Study on Green Space Changes of Beijing City

Green space is a sort of land use types with certain ecological service functions.Taking TM/ETM+ images and MODIS-NDVI images in 1992,1999 and 2005 as the basic data,the quantitative changes and quality changes of green space in Beijing in recent years were studied by interpretation and classification.The relationship between green space and urban construction was studied.Through the field investigation and data analysis,the driving forces of green space changes were studied and corresponding suggestions were put forward.

POTENTIAL SPACE ESTIMATES IN LOCAL HARDY SPACES FOR GREEN POTENTIALS IN CONVEX DOMAINS

Let Ω be a bounded convex domain in Rn(n≥3) and G(x,y) be the Green function of the Laplace operator -△on Ω Let hPT(Ω) = {f∈D'(Ω) : (?)F ∈ hP(Rn), s.t. F|Ω = f}, by the atom characterization of Local Hardy spaces in a bounded Lipschitz domain, the bound of f Ω(?)2(Gf) for every f ∈hPr(Ω) is obtained, where n/(n + 1) <p≤1.

Reducing the calculation workload of the Green function for electromagnetic scattering in a Schwarzschild gravitational field

When the finite difference time domain(FDTD) method is used to solve electromagnetic scattering problems in Schwarzschild space-time, the Green functions linking source/observer to every surface element on connection/output boundary must be calculated.When the scatterer is electrically extended, a huge amount of calculation is required due to a large number of surface elements on the connection/output boundary.In this paper, a method for reducing the calculation workload of Green function is proposed.The Taylor approximation is applied for the calculation of Green function.New transport equations are deduced.The numerical results verify the effectiveness of this method.

半平面压电体的Green函数及其应用

本文研究半平面压电体在线力、电荷和位错作用下的弹性场和电场，即Green函数．基于各向异性弹性力学中的Stroh方法和解析延拓理论，推导了Green函数的封闭形式的解．作为解的应用，分析了含半无限裂纹的无限大压电介质的机电耦合场，给出了应力和电位移强度因子的解析表达式．

直角平面区域内固定圆形刚性夹杂问题的Green函数解

利用复变函数法、多极坐标移动技术研究了直角平面区域内含有固定圆形夹杂时的反平面问题Green函数解.首先构造出不含夹杂的完整直角平面区域内满足边界应力条件的入射位移场;其次,建立直角平面区域内固定圆形夹杂对该入射场产生的满足直角边界应力自由条件的散射波解,并由叠加原理得到介质内的总波场.最后利用夹杂边界处的位移条件确定出散射波解中的未知系数,最终得到问题的Green函数解,还通过算例讨论了夹杂边界处的径向应力和环向应力随不同波数、角度和不同夹杂位置及不同点源位置的变化情况.算例结果表明了该文方法的有效实用性.

矩形波导的时空域并矢Green函数

本文应用Laplace变换法求出了矩形波导的时空域并矢Green函数。这一方法亦可以用来求解如圆波导、同轴线等柱形波导的时空域并矢Green函数。讨论了矩形波导TE_(10)模细线激励的退化情形,得出与现有结果一致的时空域标量Green函数。

移动线源的Green函数求解及辐射能量分析:高铁地震信号简化建模

在基于人工主动源的勘探地震学中,往往采用固定位置和激发时间的点源数学模型来描述爆炸型震源或可控震源,因此就有了描述单点力源作用下的弹性全空间或半空间中弹性波传播的Green函数,成为了勘探地震学的重要理论基础.而如今,行进中的高速列车(高铁)是一种全新的主动源,其接近匀速的运行速度、确定的长度和荷载使其可以被重复利用.本文将行进中的高铁在数学上简化建模为一个移动线源来进行研究,给出了这一震源作用下的弹性半空间和全空间中Green函数的计算方法,并分别讨论了全空间中远场Green函数的频谱特征和空间辐射能量的方向性特点,以及半空间中Green函数与近场观测数据的对比结果,为高铁震源下的地震波传播规律和振动信号的研究与利用提供帮助.

层土动力Green函数数值计算中若干问题的探讨

动力Ｇｒｅｅｎ函数数值计算技术是动力边界元法得以实施的关键技术之一。本文首先对两类层状介质动力Ｇｒｅｅｎ函数的频域解进行了比较。在此基础上，文中着重探讨了在土一结构相互作用问题中应用显式动力Ｇｒｅｅｎ函数时的著于数值计算问题，包括土层的子层离散和波数的计算以及半空间的模拟等。最后给出了这一动力Ｇｒｅｅｎ函数在处理层状半无限空间问题时的合理方法。

出平面荷载对各向异性半空间内圆孔的Green函数解

采用波函数展开法和复变函数法研究了出平面线源荷载对各向异性半空间内圆形孔洞的Green函数解。首先利用复变函数法构造圆形孔洞激发的含未知系数的散射场,得到介质内总的位移场和应力场。其次根据边界条件,利用Fourier积分变换推导出一系列求解未知系数的复系数代数方程组,截断有限项以控制精度,求出未知系数,进而得到Green函数解。最后通过大量算例讨论了不同参数对圆孔周边的动应力集中系数的影响规律,验证Green函数的精确性,为各向异性半空间内复杂缺陷的地震动和动力学研究提供理论基础。

基于CiteSpace的城市绿色空间研究分析与展望

城市绿色空间是生态系统中重要的构成部分,是诸多领域如地理学、生态学、城市学、社会学等的研究热点。本文基于网络检索资源,对国内国外相关文献进行分析。通过文献计量分析与研究内容分析相结合,探索国内外在城市绿色空间研究热点的异同,分析结果表明国内城市绿色空间研究侧重于城市生态、规划和景观格局的研究,研究方法主要是遥感技术和统计分析;国外城市绿色空间研究侧重于环境、生态服务对于公众健康影响,研究方法主要是空间分析和社会调查法等。检索出的文献研究内容虽有不同,但都趋向于对生态空间的研究。基于国内研究的现状和国外相关研究的开展,本文提出我国城市绿色空间研究应以居民福祉为重心,加强经济社会与生态环境相互作用的机理研究;在研究方法上应融入社会调查法,直观地了解居民的倾向。

非一致椭圆型方程Green函数的性质

本文给出了非一致椭圆型方程的广义Green函数的若干新性质,发展了[1]和[2]中的一些主要结果。

基于2.5D Green函数的半空间弹性动力问题分析

采用积分变换法,推导了三维弹性体内部作用线性分布简谐荷载的稳态解,利用半空间表面边界条件,建立了显式半空间内部荷载作用下的2.5D Green函数,然后将解析解结果与边界元法(BEM)结果对比,验证该方法正确性,为分析半空间内部线性分布简谐产生的波场散射问题提供了一种有效计算方法.

实单位球上关于Green函数的Mbius不变空间Q_(p,0)

讨论了实单位球上的M调和函数。利用Green函数定义了函数空间Qp,0.通过对p变化时Qp,0的演化的讨论,得到函数空间VMOh及β0的一种统一的刻划.

基于时间域半空间Green函数建立的边界积分方程及其在动态破裂模拟中的应用

研究地震断层的自发破裂传播可以为通过震源过程了解地球介质应力状态提供理论基础,有助于理解震源破裂的机理和规律,在震源动力学研究中具有重要的地位.边界积分方程方法是研究地震断层破裂传播问题的常用方法之一,在处理复杂断层系统方面具有优势.本文从半无限空间Green函数的时间域积分形式解出发,推导出离散化的边界积分方程积分核,并将其分别应用到平面断层和弯折断层两种断层模型的动力学破裂过程的模拟中.模拟结果表明,当破裂传播到自由表面处时,会产生反射震相,反射震相与直达震相的耦合效应会导致自由表面处的破裂传播速率明显加快,同时这种耦合效应也可以促进破裂在断层弯折部位的传播.对于断层有一定埋深的情况,自由表面对破裂过程的影响较小,因而自由表面的效应仅在断层直接与地表相交或者断层上沿距离地表很近时需要纳入考虑范围.本文将自由表面的影响加入到断层的自发破裂传播研究中,有助于更真实地了解复杂断层系统中的动力学破裂过程.