Biochar has been applied extensively as a soil amendment over the past decades. This review summarizes the general findings of the impacts of biochar application on different aspects from soil physical, chemical, and ...Biochar has been applied extensively as a soil amendment over the past decades. This review summarizes the general findings of the impacts of biochar application on different aspects from soil physical, chemical, and microbial properties, to soil nutrient availabilities, plant growth, biomass production and yield, greenhouse gases (GHG) emissions, and soil carbon sequestration. Due to different biochar pyrolysis conditions, feedstock types, biochar application rates and methods, and potential interactions with other factors such as plant species and soil nutrient conditions, results from those studies are not inclusive. However, most studies reported positive effects of biochar application on soil physical and chemical properties, soil microbial activities, plant biomass and yield, and potential reductions of soil GHG emissions. A framework of biochar impacts is summarized, and possible mechanisms are discussed. Further research of biochar application in agriculture is called to verify the proposed mechanisms involved in biochar-soil-microbial-plant interactions for soil carbon sequestration and crop biomass and yield improvements.展开更多
Vegetable greenhouses form a significant land utilisation pattern in China.A case study of the greenhouse soil quality changes and potential risk to humans under a specific long-term environment,which includes high fe...Vegetable greenhouses form a significant land utilisation pattern in China.A case study of the greenhouse soil quality changes and potential risk to humans under a specific long-term environment,which includes high fertilization rates,high temperatures and humidity levels and out-of-season cultivation,is presented in this study.Soil profiles of 72 representative solar greenhouses with various planting years were sampled in Shouguang City,which is the birthplace of winter greenhouse in China.The temporal distribution of soil quality changes were quantitatively evaluated through the application of a correlation analysis and soil quality assessment.The soil was highly enriched with phosphorus and potassium and had low organic matter content.The organic matter,nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium contents increased with the years planted,reached their peak values after 5-10 a,and declined as the soil layer’s depth increased.The infiltration rate of nitrate was relatively high,which poses risks to underground water safety.A comprehensive soil quality assessment revealed that in vegetable greenhouses planted for different periods,the soil quality improved at first and then sharply declined after 10 a.Studying greenhouse soil quality changes will aid in implementing nutrient management strategies to improve the soil quality and sustainable development programs for the vegetable industry.展开更多
为研究大棚蔬菜种植对土壤重金属含量的影响,选取不同种植年限的蔬菜大棚,分析土壤重金属含量变化特征.结果表明,不同棚龄土壤C r、P b 、A S、H g 含量均随着种植年限的增加而增加;在种植蔬菜1 - 5 a ,土壤C d 、A s 和H g 的含量分别...为研究大棚蔬菜种植对土壤重金属含量的影响,选取不同种植年限的蔬菜大棚,分析土壤重金属含量变化特征.结果表明,不同棚龄土壤C r、P b 、A S、H g 含量均随着种植年限的增加而增加;在种植蔬菜1 - 5 a ,土壤C d 、A s 和H g 的含量分别提高1 4 3 . 5 % 、51. 1 % 和6 0 . 2 % ;在种植蔬菜6-10 a ,土壤H g 含量较1 - 5 a 提高105. 5 % ;棚龄11 ~ 15 a 土壤重金属C r 的含量较6 - 10 a 提高4 4 . 3 % ;但不同种植年限土壤中重金属含量均未超过《土壤环境质量标准》二级标准以及《温室蔬菜产地环境质量评价标准》.采用综合污染指数法,根据国家土壤环境质量二级标准评价,综合污染指数均小于0 . 7 ,属于清洁水平、安全等级,但土壤重金属含量随种植年限延长而逐渐提高的现象说明重金属存在一定的累积污染风险,对大棚蔬菜生产存在潜在的安全风险.展开更多
文摘Biochar has been applied extensively as a soil amendment over the past decades. This review summarizes the general findings of the impacts of biochar application on different aspects from soil physical, chemical, and microbial properties, to soil nutrient availabilities, plant growth, biomass production and yield, greenhouse gases (GHG) emissions, and soil carbon sequestration. Due to different biochar pyrolysis conditions, feedstock types, biochar application rates and methods, and potential interactions with other factors such as plant species and soil nutrient conditions, results from those studies are not inclusive. However, most studies reported positive effects of biochar application on soil physical and chemical properties, soil microbial activities, plant biomass and yield, and potential reductions of soil GHG emissions. A framework of biochar impacts is summarized, and possible mechanisms are discussed. Further research of biochar application in agriculture is called to verify the proposed mechanisms involved in biochar-soil-microbial-plant interactions for soil carbon sequestration and crop biomass and yield improvements.
基金This study was supported by the Program for the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2017YFD0801404 and 2016YFD0300808)the Youth Fund of Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences(QNJJ201717)Youth Innovation Promotion Association CAS(NO.2017073).
文摘Vegetable greenhouses form a significant land utilisation pattern in China.A case study of the greenhouse soil quality changes and potential risk to humans under a specific long-term environment,which includes high fertilization rates,high temperatures and humidity levels and out-of-season cultivation,is presented in this study.Soil profiles of 72 representative solar greenhouses with various planting years were sampled in Shouguang City,which is the birthplace of winter greenhouse in China.The temporal distribution of soil quality changes were quantitatively evaluated through the application of a correlation analysis and soil quality assessment.The soil was highly enriched with phosphorus and potassium and had low organic matter content.The organic matter,nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium contents increased with the years planted,reached their peak values after 5-10 a,and declined as the soil layer’s depth increased.The infiltration rate of nitrate was relatively high,which poses risks to underground water safety.A comprehensive soil quality assessment revealed that in vegetable greenhouses planted for different periods,the soil quality improved at first and then sharply declined after 10 a.Studying greenhouse soil quality changes will aid in implementing nutrient management strategies to improve the soil quality and sustainable development programs for the vegetable industry.
文摘为研究大棚蔬菜种植对土壤重金属含量的影响,选取不同种植年限的蔬菜大棚,分析土壤重金属含量变化特征.结果表明,不同棚龄土壤C r、P b 、A S、H g 含量均随着种植年限的增加而增加;在种植蔬菜1 - 5 a ,土壤C d 、A s 和H g 的含量分别提高1 4 3 . 5 % 、51. 1 % 和6 0 . 2 % ;在种植蔬菜6-10 a ,土壤H g 含量较1 - 5 a 提高105. 5 % ;棚龄11 ~ 15 a 土壤重金属C r 的含量较6 - 10 a 提高4 4 . 3 % ;但不同种植年限土壤中重金属含量均未超过《土壤环境质量标准》二级标准以及《温室蔬菜产地环境质量评价标准》.采用综合污染指数法,根据国家土壤环境质量二级标准评价,综合污染指数均小于0 . 7 ,属于清洁水平、安全等级,但土壤重金属含量随种植年限延长而逐渐提高的现象说明重金属存在一定的累积污染风险,对大棚蔬菜生产存在潜在的安全风险.
