At the end of last year, the editors from Power and Electrical Engineers interviewed Zhou Xiaoxin on "Fundamental Research on Enhancing Operation Reliability for Large-Scale Interconnected Power Grids", a pr...At the end of last year, the editors from Power and Electrical Engineers interviewed Zhou Xiaoxin on "Fundamental Research on Enhancing Operation Reliability for Large-Scale Interconnected Power Grids", a project of "973 Program". Mr. Zhou, the chief engineer of China Electric Power Research Institute(CEPRI) and an academician of Chinese Academy of Sciences, is the chief scientist in charge of this research project.展开更多
为探究韧性电网信息物理融合系统风险研究现状及发展趋势,基于中国知网(CNKI)和Web of Science(WoS)数据库2011—2023年的文献数据,利用CiteSpace对该领域研究的研究热点、前沿及演化趋势进行可视化分析。研究结果表明:国内研究形成以...为探究韧性电网信息物理融合系统风险研究现状及发展趋势,基于中国知网(CNKI)和Web of Science(WoS)数据库2011—2023年的文献数据,利用CiteSpace对该领域研究的研究热点、前沿及演化趋势进行可视化分析。研究结果表明:国内研究形成以“风险预警与控制”和“电力系统智能化建设”为主题的研究热点,国外研究形成以“信息物理融合”和“连锁故障演化”为主题的研究热点;“智能电网的信息物理耦合”和“信息网络攻击风险分析”是国内研究的前沿方向,“信息物理融合系统安全状态估计”和“风险防控模型”是国外研究的前沿方向;国内研究可分为安全性理论研究期、信息物理攻击风险研究期和故障防御恢复研究期3个时间阶段,国外研究可分为信息物理融合研究期和信息物理安全应用期2个时间阶段;后续研究应加强改进电力信息物理融合系统建模、完善电力信息物理融合系统规划、推进电力信息物理融合系统应用,推进数字化韧性电网稳定运行。研究结果可为韧性电网风险识别和风险预警研究提供一定参考。展开更多
Precipitation plays a crucial role in the water cycle of Northwest China.Obtaining accurate precipitation data is crucial for regional water resource management,hydrological forecasting,flood control and drought relie...Precipitation plays a crucial role in the water cycle of Northwest China.Obtaining accurate precipitation data is crucial for regional water resource management,hydrological forecasting,flood control and drought relief.Currently,the applicability of multi-source precipitation products for long time series in Northwest China has not been thoroughly evaluated.In this study,precipitation data from 183 meteorological stations in Northwest China from 1979 to 2020 were selected to assess the regional applicability of four precipitation products(the fifth generation of European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts(ECMWF)atmospheric reanalysis of the global climate(ERA5),Global Precipitation Climatology Centre(GPCC),Climatic Research Unit gridded Time Series Version 4.07(CRU TS v4.07,hereafter CRU),and Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission(TRMM))based on the following statistical indicators:correlation coefficient,root mean square error(RMSE),relative bias(RB),mean absolute error(MAE),probability of detection(POD),false alarm ratio(FAR),and equitable threat score(ETS).The results showed that precipitation in Northwest China was generally high in the east and low in the west,and exhibited an increasing trend from 1979 to 2020.Compared with the station observations,ERA5 showed a larger spatial distribution difference than the other products.The overall overestimation of multi-year average precipitation was approximately 200.00 mm and the degree of overestimation increased with increasing precipitation intensity.The multi-year average precipitation of GPCC and CRU was relatively close to that of station observations.The trend of annual precipitation of TRMM was overestimated in high-altitude regions and the eastern part of Lanzhou with more precipitation.At the monthly scale,GPCC performed well but underestimated precipitation in the Tarim Basin(RB=-4.11%),while ERA5 and TRMM exhibited poor accuracy in high-altitude regions.ERA5 had a large bias(RB≥120.00%)in winter months and a strong dispersion(RMSE≥35.00 mm)in summer months.TRMM showed a relatively low correlation with station observations in winter months(correlation coefficients≤0.70).The capture performance analysis showed that ERA5,GPCC,and TRMM had lower POD and ETS values and higher FAR values in Northwest China as the precipitation intensity increased.ERA5 showed a high capture performance for small precipitation events and a slower decreasing trend of POD as the precipitation intensity increased.GPCC had the lowest FAR values.TRMM was statistically ineffective for predicting the occurrence of daily precipitation events.The findings provide a reference for data users to select appropriate datasets in Northwest China and for data developers to develop new precipitation products in the future.展开更多
The smart grid is a new generation of standard power distribution grid. The communication infrastructure is critical for the successful operation of the modern smart grids. The use of communication technologies ensure...The smart grid is a new generation of standard power distribution grid. The communication infrastructure is critical for the successful operation of the modern smart grids. The use of communication technologies ensures the reduction of energy consumption, optimal operation of the smart grid and coordination between all smart grids’ components from generation to the end users. This paper presents an overview of existing communication technologies such as ZigBee, WLAN, cellular communication, WiMAX, Power Line Communication (PLC), their implementation in smart grids, advantages and disadvantages. Moreover, the paper shows comparison of communication infrastructure between the legacy grid and the smart grid and smart grid communication standards. The paper also presents research challenges and future trends in communication systems for smart grid application.展开更多
COVID-19 has disrupted people’s occupational daily activities with detrimental impact on their daily living performances and quality of life. Occupational therapy contributes toward restoring health by remediating li...COVID-19 has disrupted people’s occupational daily activities with detrimental impact on their daily living performances and quality of life. Occupational therapy contributes toward restoring health by remediating limitation in participation in meaningful occupation with lifestyle redesign interventions. However, the research gap on the area of “participation-limitation” for the field of Occupational Therapy in cancer survivorship during the COVID-19 is largely untapped and unknown. This commentary-review paper discussed the PEO-OT (person-environment-occupation) grid as a conceptual toolkit for stimulating research in the domain of occupational participation—an essential aspect in the field of occupational therapy, for cancer survivors. It applies the expertise finding from a large Delphi study on research priority in the fields and integrating these into evidenced methodology, to provide a structure to guide the novice researchers towards rapid reviews, by selecting evidence-based methods to ensure contextually-relevant enquiry to identify the “occupational-participation issues”—<em>i.e.</em>, an emerging social determinant of health, affecting the daily self-management of cancer survivors with or without comorbidities.展开更多
文摘At the end of last year, the editors from Power and Electrical Engineers interviewed Zhou Xiaoxin on "Fundamental Research on Enhancing Operation Reliability for Large-Scale Interconnected Power Grids", a project of "973 Program". Mr. Zhou, the chief engineer of China Electric Power Research Institute(CEPRI) and an academician of Chinese Academy of Sciences, is the chief scientist in charge of this research project.
文摘为探究韧性电网信息物理融合系统风险研究现状及发展趋势,基于中国知网(CNKI)和Web of Science(WoS)数据库2011—2023年的文献数据,利用CiteSpace对该领域研究的研究热点、前沿及演化趋势进行可视化分析。研究结果表明:国内研究形成以“风险预警与控制”和“电力系统智能化建设”为主题的研究热点,国外研究形成以“信息物理融合”和“连锁故障演化”为主题的研究热点;“智能电网的信息物理耦合”和“信息网络攻击风险分析”是国内研究的前沿方向,“信息物理融合系统安全状态估计”和“风险防控模型”是国外研究的前沿方向;国内研究可分为安全性理论研究期、信息物理攻击风险研究期和故障防御恢复研究期3个时间阶段,国外研究可分为信息物理融合研究期和信息物理安全应用期2个时间阶段;后续研究应加强改进电力信息物理融合系统建模、完善电力信息物理融合系统规划、推进电力信息物理融合系统应用,推进数字化韧性电网稳定运行。研究结果可为韧性电网风险识别和风险预警研究提供一定参考。
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFC3206300)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(42477529,42371145,42261026)+2 种基金the China-Pakistan Joint Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(046GJHZ2023069MI)the Gansu Provincial Science and Technology Program(22ZD6FA005)the National Cryosphere Desert Data Center(E01Z790201).
文摘Precipitation plays a crucial role in the water cycle of Northwest China.Obtaining accurate precipitation data is crucial for regional water resource management,hydrological forecasting,flood control and drought relief.Currently,the applicability of multi-source precipitation products for long time series in Northwest China has not been thoroughly evaluated.In this study,precipitation data from 183 meteorological stations in Northwest China from 1979 to 2020 were selected to assess the regional applicability of four precipitation products(the fifth generation of European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts(ECMWF)atmospheric reanalysis of the global climate(ERA5),Global Precipitation Climatology Centre(GPCC),Climatic Research Unit gridded Time Series Version 4.07(CRU TS v4.07,hereafter CRU),and Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission(TRMM))based on the following statistical indicators:correlation coefficient,root mean square error(RMSE),relative bias(RB),mean absolute error(MAE),probability of detection(POD),false alarm ratio(FAR),and equitable threat score(ETS).The results showed that precipitation in Northwest China was generally high in the east and low in the west,and exhibited an increasing trend from 1979 to 2020.Compared with the station observations,ERA5 showed a larger spatial distribution difference than the other products.The overall overestimation of multi-year average precipitation was approximately 200.00 mm and the degree of overestimation increased with increasing precipitation intensity.The multi-year average precipitation of GPCC and CRU was relatively close to that of station observations.The trend of annual precipitation of TRMM was overestimated in high-altitude regions and the eastern part of Lanzhou with more precipitation.At the monthly scale,GPCC performed well but underestimated precipitation in the Tarim Basin(RB=-4.11%),while ERA5 and TRMM exhibited poor accuracy in high-altitude regions.ERA5 had a large bias(RB≥120.00%)in winter months and a strong dispersion(RMSE≥35.00 mm)in summer months.TRMM showed a relatively low correlation with station observations in winter months(correlation coefficients≤0.70).The capture performance analysis showed that ERA5,GPCC,and TRMM had lower POD and ETS values and higher FAR values in Northwest China as the precipitation intensity increased.ERA5 showed a high capture performance for small precipitation events and a slower decreasing trend of POD as the precipitation intensity increased.GPCC had the lowest FAR values.TRMM was statistically ineffective for predicting the occurrence of daily precipitation events.The findings provide a reference for data users to select appropriate datasets in Northwest China and for data developers to develop new precipitation products in the future.
文摘The smart grid is a new generation of standard power distribution grid. The communication infrastructure is critical for the successful operation of the modern smart grids. The use of communication technologies ensures the reduction of energy consumption, optimal operation of the smart grid and coordination between all smart grids’ components from generation to the end users. This paper presents an overview of existing communication technologies such as ZigBee, WLAN, cellular communication, WiMAX, Power Line Communication (PLC), their implementation in smart grids, advantages and disadvantages. Moreover, the paper shows comparison of communication infrastructure between the legacy grid and the smart grid and smart grid communication standards. The paper also presents research challenges and future trends in communication systems for smart grid application.
文摘COVID-19 has disrupted people’s occupational daily activities with detrimental impact on their daily living performances and quality of life. Occupational therapy contributes toward restoring health by remediating limitation in participation in meaningful occupation with lifestyle redesign interventions. However, the research gap on the area of “participation-limitation” for the field of Occupational Therapy in cancer survivorship during the COVID-19 is largely untapped and unknown. This commentary-review paper discussed the PEO-OT (person-environment-occupation) grid as a conceptual toolkit for stimulating research in the domain of occupational participation—an essential aspect in the field of occupational therapy, for cancer survivors. It applies the expertise finding from a large Delphi study on research priority in the fields and integrating these into evidenced methodology, to provide a structure to guide the novice researchers towards rapid reviews, by selecting evidence-based methods to ensure contextually-relevant enquiry to identify the “occupational-participation issues”—<em>i.e.</em>, an emerging social determinant of health, affecting the daily self-management of cancer survivors with or without comorbidities.