In this investigation, maize heterotic groups and patterns were analyzed based on theplanting areas from 1992 to 2001 using 84 parent lines of 71 widely extended hybrids andclassification results by SSR markers, in wh...In this investigation, maize heterotic groups and patterns were analyzed based on theplanting areas from 1992 to 2001 using 84 parent lines of 71 widely extended hybrids andclassification results by SSR markers, in which these lines were assigned into sevenheterotic groups based on Ni-LIs genetic distances. The results indicated that acertain extent change for major heterotic groups of maize took place during past decadein China. The major heterotic groups were Lancaster, Reid, Tang SPT, Zi330 and E28 in theearly 1990s, while they became Reid, Tem-tropicⅠ, Zi330, Tang SPT and Lancaster in theearly 21st century. Tem-tropicⅠwas a new heterotic group, which contained tropic maizegermplasm. The changes for heterotic patterns also occurred. Some new heterotic patternscombining with Tem-tropicⅠappeared, such as ReidTem-tropicⅠ, Zi330Tem-tropicⅠ,Tang SPTTem-tropicⅠ, etc.. Another change was the order of heterotic patterns. In theearly and middle 1990s, the top five heterotic patterns were ReidTang SPT, Zi330Lancaster, LancasterTang SPT, LancasterE28 and ReidZi330, while they became ReidTem-tropicⅠ, ReidZi330, ReidTang SPT, Zi330Tem-tropicⅠand LancasterTang SPT inthe early 21 century. ReidTem-tropicⅠand Zi330Tem-tropicⅠwere laid on the firstand forth Chinese heterotic patterns respectively in 2001. These results providedsignificant information to understand the maize heterotic groups and patterns in Chinaat molecular level.展开更多
This paper develops a fuzzy pattern recognition model for group decision making to solve the problem of lectotype optimization of offshore platforms. The lack of data and the inexact or incomplete information for crit...This paper develops a fuzzy pattern recognition model for group decision making to solve the problem of lectotype optimization of offshore platforms. The lack of data and the inexact or incomplete information for criteria are the main cause of uncertainty in the evaluation process, therefore it is necessary to integrate the judgments from different decision makers with different experience, knowledge and preference. This paper first uses a complementary principle based pairwise comparison method to obtain the subjective weight of the criteria from each decision maker. A fuzzy pattern recognition model is then developed to integrate the judgments from all the decision makers and the information from the criteria, under the supervision of the subjective weights. Finally a case study is given to show the efficiency and robustness of the proposed model.展开更多
A research method and parameter C_v which depicts the spatial inhomogeneity of earthquakeprecursory group, are developed in the paper. The influences of factors, such asinhomogeneous distribution of precursory observa...A research method and parameter C_v which depicts the spatial inhomogeneity of earthquakeprecursory group, are developed in the paper. The influences of factors, such asinhomogeneous distribution of precursory observatory stations, the variety of observing itemnumber at each observatory station and the anomaly number of the same observing item atdifferent stations, etc., which cause the non-earthquake induced inhomogeneity, can beeliminated from C_v. The criteria of C_v to recognize particular spatial pattern of earthquakeprecursory group are also introduced. Based on the method, the spatial inhomogeneity ofradon precursory group and its relation to moderately strong earthquakes occurred in NorthChina during the same period are analyzed. The results show 5 strengthen processes of spatialinhomogeneity of radon precursory group before each of 5 earthquakes with M≥5. 0 in theregion during the period from Jan. 1, 1995 to Feb. 1, 1998. Among them 4 earthquakesoccurred within the time interval which the展开更多
Walking in groups is very common in a realistic walking environment. An extended floor field cellular automaton （CA） model is therefore proposed to describe the walking behavior of pedestrian groups, This model repr...Walking in groups is very common in a realistic walking environment. An extended floor field cellular automaton （CA） model is therefore proposed to describe the walking behavior of pedestrian groups, This model represents the motion of pedestrian groups in a realistic way. The simulation results reveal that the walking behavior of groups has an important but negative influence on pedestrian flow dynamics, especially when the density is at a high level. The presence of pedestrian groups retards the emergence of lane formation and increases the instability of operation of pedestrian flow. Moreover, the average velocity and volume of pedestrian flow are significantly reduced due to the group motion. Meanwhile, the parameter-sensitive analysis suggests that pedestrian groups should make a compromise between efficient movement and staying coherent with a certain spatial structure when walking in a dense crowd.展开更多
Let G be a finite group and π（G） = {pl,p2,…… ,pk} be the set of the primes dividing the order of G. We define its prime graph F（G） as follows. The vertex set of this graph is 7r（G）, and two distinct vertices ...Let G be a finite group and π（G） = {pl,p2,…… ,pk} be the set of the primes dividing the order of G. We define its prime graph F（G） as follows. The vertex set of this graph is 7r（G）, and two distinct vertices p, q are joined by an edge if and only if pq ∈ πe（G）. In this case, we write p - q. For p ∈π（G）, put deg（p） ：= ｜{q ∈ π（G）｜p - q}｜, which is called the degree of p. We also define D（G） ：= （deg（p1）, deg（p2）,..., deg（pk））, where pl 〈 p2 〈 -……〈 pk, which is called the degree pattern of G. We say a group G is k-fold OD-characterizable if there exist exactly k non-isomorphic finite groups with the same order and degree pattern as G. Specially, a l-fold OD-characterizable group is simply called an OD-characterizable group. Let L ：= U6（2）. In this article, we classify all finite groups with the same order and degree pattern as an almost simple groups related to L. In fact, we prove that L and L.2 are OD-characterizable, L.3 is 3-fold OD-characterizable, and L.S3 is 5-fold OD-characterizable.展开更多
Objective This study aims to analyze interpersonal pattern gr-oup psychological counseling process for members＇ subjective apiration. Method Using Nvivo7.0 qualitative analysis software to do the transcripts c-oding ...Objective This study aims to analyze interpersonal pattern gr-oup psychological counseling process for members＇ subjective apiration. Method Using Nvivo7.0 qualitative analysis software to do the transcripts c-oding analysis of interpersonal pattern group psychological counseling pro-cess. Result Through the qualitative analysis,we find that members＇ sub-jective apiration have two trends： One trend is with the group psycholo-gical counseling process for increasing;another kind is： increase--decrease--increase, specificly showing that：：existing subjective apiration-- The subjective will weaken （because of denial and skepticism this group ）or strengthen （accepting this group）-- the subjective apiration increases, applying new pattern in groups--the subjective apiration become specification, the new pattern to repl-ace the old pattern in life. Conclusion 1. In interpersonal group counseling process, members＇ subjective apiration exists two kinds of trend that to weakened after reinforcement and enhancement gradually strengthen; 2. Members＇ subjective apiration of group psychological counseling can influence the effect of group psychological counseling.展开更多
Objective This stud）＇ aims to analyze interpersonal pattern gr-oup psychological counseling process for members＇ subjective apiration. Method Using Nvivo7.0 qualitative analysis software to do the transcripts c-odi...Objective This stud）＇ aims to analyze interpersonal pattern gr-oup psychological counseling process for members＇ subjective apiration. Method Using Nvivo7.0 qualitative analysis software to do the transcripts c-oding analysis of interpersonal pattern group psychological counseling pro-cess. Result Through the qualitative analysis,we fred that members＇ sub-jective apiration have two trends： One trend is with the group psycholo-gical counseling process for increasing;another kind is： increase--decrease--increase ,specificly showing that：：existing subjective apiration-- The subjective will weaken （because of denial and skepticism this group ）or strengthen （accepting this group）-- the subjective apiration increases, applying new pattern in groups--the subjective apiration become specification, the new pattern to repl-ace the old pattern in life. Conclusion 1. In interpersonal group counseling process, members＇ subjective apiration exists two kinds of trend that to weakened after reinforcement and enhancement gradually strengthen： 2. Members＇ subjective apiration of group psychological counseling can influence the effect of group psychological counseling.展开更多
The traditional pattern is the cultural sign of the Oroqen ethnic group,which is the concentrated embodiment of the history,society,customs and religion of Oroqen ethnic group.Semiosphere is an important theoretical c...The traditional pattern is the cultural sign of the Oroqen ethnic group,which is the concentrated embodiment of the history,society,customs and religion of Oroqen ethnic group.Semiosphere is an important theoretical concept in Lotman cultural semiotics.Starting from the theory of Lotman’s semiosphere,the paper interprets the concept of semiosphere and the connotation of Oroqen traditional pattern semiosphere,analyzes the overall characteristics of Oroqen traditional patterns,and provides certain theoretical basis for better protection and inheritance culture.展开更多
According to the basic features of socio economic development in China, the paper retrospects the developmental process of Chinese cities in the 20th century. Based on lots of data and related research achievements, f...According to the basic features of socio economic development in China, the paper retrospects the developmental process of Chinese cities in the 20th century. Based on lots of data and related research achievements, five new patterns of Chinese urban development are pointed out, that is 1) regional disparity of urban development in China is still obvious and large; 2) cities in developed region develop in the form of agglomeration and coordination; 3) spatial layout shape of Chinese cities appears relatively tight, and there exists great outside expansion inclination; 4) the construction of exploitation zone becomes the new important factor of urban development in the 1990s; 5) number increase of cities at county level become the main tide of urban development, but cause the discrete understanding for the concept of urban substantial region, which construct a challenge to urban management. In the end the article puts forward a series thoughts on the future trends and countermeasures of urban development in China.展开更多
Six kinds of nonclassical periodic lattices with locally 10-fold rotational symmetries are proposed. They can be delineated via nonclassical plane-crystallographic groups. The projections on the planes of correspondin...Six kinds of nonclassical periodic lattices with locally 10-fold rotational symmetries are proposed. They can be delineated via nonclassical plane-crystallographic groups. The projections on the planes of corresponding unit cells consisting of embedding polyhedra generate the periodic lattices, respectively. The Fourier-transform patterns of the periodiclattices have almost perfect 10-fold rotational symmetries, which are very similar to those displaying in the electron-diffraction patterns of so-called quasicrystals.展开更多
Eight kinds of nonclasslcal periodic lattices with locally 8-fold rotational symmetries are introduced.They can be described via nonclassical Planc-crystallographic groups. The periodic lattices may be interpreted byt...Eight kinds of nonclasslcal periodic lattices with locally 8-fold rotational symmetries are introduced.They can be described via nonclassical Planc-crystallographic groups. The periodic lattices may be interpreted bythe projections on the plane of the corresponding unit cells consisting of embedding polyhedrons, respectively. TheFourier-transform patterns of the Periodic lattices have striking approximate'8-fold rotational symmetries', some ofwhich are similar to those displaying in the electrton-diffraction patterns of so-called quasicrystals.展开更多
基金This work was supported by the National Basic Research Project(2001CB108801)Modern Agricultural Project in National 863 Pragram,China.
文摘In this investigation, maize heterotic groups and patterns were analyzed based on theplanting areas from 1992 to 2001 using 84 parent lines of 71 widely extended hybrids andclassification results by SSR markers, in which these lines were assigned into sevenheterotic groups based on Ni-LIs genetic distances. The results indicated that acertain extent change for major heterotic groups of maize took place during past decadein China. The major heterotic groups were Lancaster, Reid, Tang SPT, Zi330 and E28 in theearly 1990s, while they became Reid, Tem-tropicⅠ, Zi330, Tang SPT and Lancaster in theearly 21st century. Tem-tropicⅠwas a new heterotic group, which contained tropic maizegermplasm. The changes for heterotic patterns also occurred. Some new heterotic patternscombining with Tem-tropicⅠappeared, such as ReidTem-tropicⅠ, Zi330Tem-tropicⅠ,Tang SPTTem-tropicⅠ, etc.. Another change was the order of heterotic patterns. In theearly and middle 1990s, the top five heterotic patterns were ReidTang SPT, Zi330Lancaster, LancasterTang SPT, LancasterE28 and ReidZi330, while they became ReidTem-tropicⅠ, ReidZi330, ReidTang SPT, Zi330Tem-tropicⅠand LancasterTang SPT inthe early 21 century. ReidTem-tropicⅠand Zi330Tem-tropicⅠwere laid on the firstand forth Chinese heterotic patterns respectively in 2001. These results providedsignificant information to understand the maize heterotic groups and patterns in Chinaat molecular level.
文摘This paper develops a fuzzy pattern recognition model for group decision making to solve the problem of lectotype optimization of offshore platforms. The lack of data and the inexact or incomplete information for criteria are the main cause of uncertainty in the evaluation process, therefore it is necessary to integrate the judgments from different decision makers with different experience, knowledge and preference. This paper first uses a complementary principle based pairwise comparison method to obtain the subjective weight of the criteria from each decision maker. A fuzzy pattern recognition model is then developed to integrate the judgments from all the decision makers and the information from the criteria, under the supervision of the subjective weights. Finally a case study is given to show the efficiency and robustness of the proposed model.
基金This was a key program(9507435)sponsored by the Joint Earthquake Science Foundation of China under the 9th Five-year Plan.
文摘A research method and parameter C_v which depicts the spatial inhomogeneity of earthquakeprecursory group, are developed in the paper. The influences of factors, such asinhomogeneous distribution of precursory observatory stations, the variety of observing itemnumber at each observatory station and the anomaly number of the same observing item atdifferent stations, etc., which cause the non-earthquake induced inhomogeneity, can beeliminated from C_v. The criteria of C_v to recognize particular spatial pattern of earthquakeprecursory group are also introduced. Based on the method, the spatial inhomogeneity ofradon precursory group and its relation to moderately strong earthquakes occurred in NorthChina during the same period are analyzed. The results show 5 strengthen processes of spatialinhomogeneity of radon precursory group before each of 5 earthquakes with M≥5. 0 in theregion during the period from Jan. 1, 1995 to Feb. 1, 1998. Among them 4 earthquakesoccurred within the time interval which the
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.51278101 and 51338003)the Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education,China(Grant No.20120092110043)the Scientific Innovation Research Project of College Graduate in Jiangsu Province,China(Grant No.CXZZ13 0117)
文摘Walking in groups is very common in a realistic walking environment. An extended floor field cellular automaton （CA） model is therefore proposed to describe the walking behavior of pedestrian groups, This model represents the motion of pedestrian groups in a realistic way. The simulation results reveal that the walking behavior of groups has an important but negative influence on pedestrian flow dynamics, especially when the density is at a high level. The presence of pedestrian groups retards the emergence of lane formation and increases the instability of operation of pedestrian flow. Moreover, the average velocity and volume of pedestrian flow are significantly reduced due to the group motion. Meanwhile, the parameter-sensitive analysis suggests that pedestrian groups should make a compromise between efficient movement and staying coherent with a certain spatial structure when walking in a dense crowd.
基金supported by Natural Science Foundation Project of CQ CSTC (2010BB9206)NNSF of China (10871032)+1 种基金Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (Chongqing University, CDJZR10100009)National Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars of China (11001226)
文摘Let G be a finite group and π（G） = {pl,p2,…… ,pk} be the set of the primes dividing the order of G. We define its prime graph F（G） as follows. The vertex set of this graph is 7r（G）, and two distinct vertices p, q are joined by an edge if and only if pq ∈ πe（G）. In this case, we write p - q. For p ∈π（G）, put deg（p） ：= ｜{q ∈ π（G）｜p - q}｜, which is called the degree of p. We also define D（G） ：= （deg（p1）, deg（p2）,..., deg（pk））, where pl 〈 p2 〈 -……〈 pk, which is called the degree pattern of G. We say a group G is k-fold OD-characterizable if there exist exactly k non-isomorphic finite groups with the same order and degree pattern as G. Specially, a l-fold OD-characterizable group is simply called an OD-characterizable group. Let L ：= U6（2）. In this article, we classify all finite groups with the same order and degree pattern as an almost simple groups related to L. In fact, we prove that L and L.2 are OD-characterizable, L.3 is 3-fold OD-characterizable, and L.S3 is 5-fold OD-characterizable.
文摘Objective This study aims to analyze interpersonal pattern gr-oup psychological counseling process for members＇ subjective apiration. Method Using Nvivo7.0 qualitative analysis software to do the transcripts c-oding analysis of interpersonal pattern group psychological counseling pro-cess. Result Through the qualitative analysis,we find that members＇ sub-jective apiration have two trends： One trend is with the group psycholo-gical counseling process for increasing;another kind is： increase--decrease--increase, specificly showing that：：existing subjective apiration-- The subjective will weaken （because of denial and skepticism this group ）or strengthen （accepting this group）-- the subjective apiration increases, applying new pattern in groups--the subjective apiration become specification, the new pattern to repl-ace the old pattern in life. Conclusion 1. In interpersonal group counseling process, members＇ subjective apiration exists two kinds of trend that to weakened after reinforcement and enhancement gradually strengthen; 2. Members＇ subjective apiration of group psychological counseling can influence the effect of group psychological counseling.
文摘Objective This stud）＇ aims to analyze interpersonal pattern gr-oup psychological counseling process for members＇ subjective apiration. Method Using Nvivo7.0 qualitative analysis software to do the transcripts c-oding analysis of interpersonal pattern group psychological counseling pro-cess. Result Through the qualitative analysis,we fred that members＇ sub-jective apiration have two trends： One trend is with the group psycholo-gical counseling process for increasing;another kind is： increase--decrease--increase ,specificly showing that：：existing subjective apiration-- The subjective will weaken （because of denial and skepticism this group ）or strengthen （accepting this group）-- the subjective apiration increases, applying new pattern in groups--the subjective apiration become specification, the new pattern to repl-ace the old pattern in life. Conclusion 1. In interpersonal group counseling process, members＇ subjective apiration exists two kinds of trend that to weakened after reinforcement and enhancement gradually strengthen： 2. Members＇ subjective apiration of group psychological counseling can influence the effect of group psychological counseling.
文摘The traditional pattern is the cultural sign of the Oroqen ethnic group,which is the concentrated embodiment of the history,society,customs and religion of Oroqen ethnic group.Semiosphere is an important theoretical concept in Lotman cultural semiotics.Starting from the theory of Lotman’s semiosphere,the paper interprets the concept of semiosphere and the connotation of Oroqen traditional pattern semiosphere,analyzes the overall characteristics of Oroqen traditional patterns,and provides certain theoretical basis for better protection and inheritance culture.
文摘According to the basic features of socio economic development in China, the paper retrospects the developmental process of Chinese cities in the 20th century. Based on lots of data and related research achievements, five new patterns of Chinese urban development are pointed out, that is 1) regional disparity of urban development in China is still obvious and large; 2) cities in developed region develop in the form of agglomeration and coordination; 3) spatial layout shape of Chinese cities appears relatively tight, and there exists great outside expansion inclination; 4) the construction of exploitation zone becomes the new important factor of urban development in the 1990s; 5) number increase of cities at county level become the main tide of urban development, but cause the discrete understanding for the concept of urban substantial region, which construct a challenge to urban management. In the end the article puts forward a series thoughts on the future trends and countermeasures of urban development in China.
文摘Six kinds of nonclassical periodic lattices with locally 10-fold rotational symmetries are proposed. They can be delineated via nonclassical plane-crystallographic groups. The projections on the planes of corresponding unit cells consisting of embedding polyhedra generate the periodic lattices, respectively. The Fourier-transform patterns of the periodiclattices have almost perfect 10-fold rotational symmetries, which are very similar to those displaying in the electron-diffraction patterns of so-called quasicrystals.
文摘Eight kinds of nonclasslcal periodic lattices with locally 8-fold rotational symmetries are introduced.They can be described via nonclassical Planc-crystallographic groups. The periodic lattices may be interpreted bythe projections on the plane of the corresponding unit cells consisting of embedding polyhedrons, respectively. TheFourier-transform patterns of the Periodic lattices have striking approximate'8-fold rotational symmetries', some ofwhich are similar to those displaying in the electrton-diffraction patterns of so-called quasicrystals.
