We study the relationship between energy consumption and economic growth in the case of USA by using an asymmetric ARDL bounds test approach to achieve the actual model. The quarterly data set covers the period of 197...We study the relationship between energy consumption and economic growth in the case of USA by using an asymmetric ARDL bounds test approach to achieve the actual model. The quarterly data set covers the period of 1973:1- 2013:4. The findings indicate that the effect of energy consumption is asymmetric in the long term but not in the short term. In the long run, the effect of negative component of energy consumption on economic growth is small and statistically insignificant. The coefficient of the positive component of energy consumption is found about 0.9 and statistically significant at 1% level. We conclude that energy saving policies such as technological progress and organizational rearrangements may have the dimmer effect for the impact of a negative component of energy consumption and the booster effect for impact of the positive component of energy consumption. Thus, energy saving policy should be tightly followed by the goal of high economic growth.展开更多
The influence of boundaries on the dynamics of a compositional plume is studied using a simple model in which a column of buoyant fluid rises in a less buoyant fluid bounded by two vertical walls with a finite distanc...The influence of boundaries on the dynamics of a compositional plume is studied using a simple model in which a column of buoyant fluid rises in a less buoyant fluid bounded by two vertical walls with a finite distance apart. The problem is governed by four dimensionless parameters: The Grashoff number, R, which is a measure of the difference in concentration of light material of the plume to its surrounding fluid, the Prandtl number, σ, which is the ratio of viscosity, ν, to thermal diffusivity, κ, the thickness of the plume, 2x0, and the distance, d, between the two vertical walls relative to the salt-finger length scale. The influence of the boundary on the fluxes of material, heat, and buoyancy is examined to find that the buoyancy flux possesses a local maximum for moderate to small thicknesses of the plume when they lie close to the wall. This has the effect of introducing a region of instability for thin plumes near the wall with an asymptotically larger growth rate. In addition, the presence of the boundary suppresses the three-dimensional instabilities present in the unbounded domain and allows only two-dimensional instabilities for moderate to small distances between the bounding walls.展开更多
The effect of two fixed vertical boundaries, a finite distance apart, on the dynamics of a column of buoyant fluid rising in a less buoyant fluid is investigated in the presence of vertical rotation. It is shown that ...The effect of two fixed vertical boundaries, a finite distance apart, on the dynamics of a column of buoyant fluid rising in a less buoyant fluid is investigated in the presence of vertical rotation. It is shown that the presence of the boundaries introduces two main effects on a rotating plume. They tend to stabilise the plume but succeed only reducing the value of the growth rate and the plume remains unstable for all finite values of the distance between the boundaries and the plume. In the absence of the sidewalls, two modes of the instability were found known as the sinuous mode and the varicose mode. The influence of the boundaries is such that it reduces the growth rate of the varicose mode more than that of the sinuous mode and consequently the modified sinuous mode is always preferred in the presence of the boundaries.展开更多
AIM: To investigate the clinical significance of BMP and activin membrane-bound inhibitor (BAMBI) which is a pseudoreceptor of transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) type Ⅰreceptors and acts as a negative regulator...AIM: To investigate the clinical significance of BMP and activin membrane-bound inhibitor (BAMBI) which is a pseudoreceptor of transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) type Ⅰreceptors and acts as a negative regulator of TGF-β signaling and expression aberrantly elevated in colorectal cancers (CRCs). We studied BAMBI expression in CRCs. METHODS: We studied BAMBI expression in 183 surgically resected CRCs by immunochemical and immunoblotting analyses using a generated monoclonal anti-BAMBI antibody. Commercially available anti-β-catenin and anti-p53 antibodies were also applied for immunochemical analyses as a comparison control.RESULTS: Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that BAMBI expression was observed in 148 (80.8%), and strong BAMBI expression was observed in 46% of the CRCs. Strong BAMBI expression was positively correlated with histological type, depth of invasion, lymph node metastases, and tumor node metastasis (TNM) stage (P < 0.05). Clear associations were found between BAMBI and β-catenin (P = 0.035) and p53 (P = 0.049) expression. In curatively resected CRC, 5-year recurrence-free survival was 51.9% (P = 0.037) for strong BAMBI expression compared to 79.8% for weak BAMBI expression. In the Cox’s multivariate analysis, lymph node metastases (RR 6.685; P < 0.001) and depth of invasion (RR 14.0; P = 0.013) were signifi cant indicators for recurrence, and strong BAMBI expression (RR 2.26; P = 0.057) tended to be signifi cant. CONCLUSION: BAMBI was linked to a potentially aggressive tumor phenotype and predicted tumor recurrence and cancer-related death in CRC. BAMBI expression might be applicable in the routine clinical setting of CRC.展开更多
为研究生长因子受体结合蛋白2(Growth factor receptor-bound protein 2,GRB2)和SOS(Son of sevenless)基因组在籽鹅等级前卵泡中的表达情况,本研究采用高通量测序技术对籽鹅等级前卵泡进行转录组测序分析,之后通过荧光定量PCR进行验证...为研究生长因子受体结合蛋白2(Growth factor receptor-bound protein 2,GRB2)和SOS(Son of sevenless)基因组在籽鹅等级前卵泡中的表达情况,本研究采用高通量测序技术对籽鹅等级前卵泡进行转录组测序分析,之后通过荧光定量PCR进行验证。通过FPKM值进行分析,GRB2和SOS在籽鹅等级前卵泡中均有表达。随着卵泡的发育,GRB2在小白卵泡中表达量最低,在初级卵泡中表达量最高;SOS在大白卵泡和中白卵泡中的表达量最低,在初级卵泡中的表达量最高。荧光定量PCR结果与转录组测序结果基本一致。展开更多
文摘We study the relationship between energy consumption and economic growth in the case of USA by using an asymmetric ARDL bounds test approach to achieve the actual model. The quarterly data set covers the period of 1973:1- 2013:4. The findings indicate that the effect of energy consumption is asymmetric in the long term but not in the short term. In the long run, the effect of negative component of energy consumption on economic growth is small and statistically insignificant. The coefficient of the positive component of energy consumption is found about 0.9 and statistically significant at 1% level. We conclude that energy saving policies such as technological progress and organizational rearrangements may have the dimmer effect for the impact of a negative component of energy consumption and the booster effect for impact of the positive component of energy consumption. Thus, energy saving policy should be tightly followed by the goal of high economic growth.
文摘The influence of boundaries on the dynamics of a compositional plume is studied using a simple model in which a column of buoyant fluid rises in a less buoyant fluid bounded by two vertical walls with a finite distance apart. The problem is governed by four dimensionless parameters: The Grashoff number, R, which is a measure of the difference in concentration of light material of the plume to its surrounding fluid, the Prandtl number, σ, which is the ratio of viscosity, ν, to thermal diffusivity, κ, the thickness of the plume, 2x0, and the distance, d, between the two vertical walls relative to the salt-finger length scale. The influence of the boundary on the fluxes of material, heat, and buoyancy is examined to find that the buoyancy flux possesses a local maximum for moderate to small thicknesses of the plume when they lie close to the wall. This has the effect of introducing a region of instability for thin plumes near the wall with an asymptotically larger growth rate. In addition, the presence of the boundary suppresses the three-dimensional instabilities present in the unbounded domain and allows only two-dimensional instabilities for moderate to small distances between the bounding walls.
文摘The effect of two fixed vertical boundaries, a finite distance apart, on the dynamics of a column of buoyant fluid rising in a less buoyant fluid is investigated in the presence of vertical rotation. It is shown that the presence of the boundaries introduces two main effects on a rotating plume. They tend to stabilise the plume but succeed only reducing the value of the growth rate and the plume remains unstable for all finite values of the distance between the boundaries and the plume. In the absence of the sidewalls, two modes of the instability were found known as the sinuous mode and the varicose mode. The influence of the boundaries is such that it reduces the growth rate of the varicose mode more than that of the sinuous mode and consequently the modified sinuous mode is always preferred in the presence of the boundaries.
基金Grants from the Japan Science and Technology Agency, No. 17014011The Harunasou Foundation Cancer Research Subsidizing Fund+3 种基金The Kanetsu Chuo Hospital Research Fundresearch funds from the Uchida Clinic in Inamachi, SaitamaThe Katoh Clinic, Maebashi Norte Hospital in Maebashi, GunmaKeiaido Hospital in Midori, Gunma
文摘AIM: To investigate the clinical significance of BMP and activin membrane-bound inhibitor (BAMBI) which is a pseudoreceptor of transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) type Ⅰreceptors and acts as a negative regulator of TGF-β signaling and expression aberrantly elevated in colorectal cancers (CRCs). We studied BAMBI expression in CRCs. METHODS: We studied BAMBI expression in 183 surgically resected CRCs by immunochemical and immunoblotting analyses using a generated monoclonal anti-BAMBI antibody. Commercially available anti-β-catenin and anti-p53 antibodies were also applied for immunochemical analyses as a comparison control.RESULTS: Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that BAMBI expression was observed in 148 (80.8%), and strong BAMBI expression was observed in 46% of the CRCs. Strong BAMBI expression was positively correlated with histological type, depth of invasion, lymph node metastases, and tumor node metastasis (TNM) stage (P < 0.05). Clear associations were found between BAMBI and β-catenin (P = 0.035) and p53 (P = 0.049) expression. In curatively resected CRC, 5-year recurrence-free survival was 51.9% (P = 0.037) for strong BAMBI expression compared to 79.8% for weak BAMBI expression. In the Cox’s multivariate analysis, lymph node metastases (RR 6.685; P < 0.001) and depth of invasion (RR 14.0; P = 0.013) were signifi cant indicators for recurrence, and strong BAMBI expression (RR 2.26; P = 0.057) tended to be signifi cant. CONCLUSION: BAMBI was linked to a potentially aggressive tumor phenotype and predicted tumor recurrence and cancer-related death in CRC. BAMBI expression might be applicable in the routine clinical setting of CRC.
文摘为研究生长因子受体结合蛋白2(Growth factor receptor-bound protein 2,GRB2)和SOS(Son of sevenless)基因组在籽鹅等级前卵泡中的表达情况,本研究采用高通量测序技术对籽鹅等级前卵泡进行转录组测序分析,之后通过荧光定量PCR进行验证。通过FPKM值进行分析,GRB2和SOS在籽鹅等级前卵泡中均有表达。随着卵泡的发育,GRB2在小白卵泡中表达量最低,在初级卵泡中表达量最高;SOS在大白卵泡和中白卵泡中的表达量最低,在初级卵泡中的表达量最高。荧光定量PCR结果与转录组测序结果基本一致。
