New Approach for Solving Master Equations in Quantum Optics and Quantum Statistics by Virtue of Thermo-Entangled State Representation

By introducing a fictitious mode to be a counterpart mode of the system mode under review we introduce the entangled state representation （η｜, which can arrange master equations of density operators p（t） in quantum statistics as state-vector evolution equations due to the elegant properties of （η｜. In this way many master equations （respectively describing damping oscillator, laser, phase sensitive, and phase diffusion processes with different initial density operators） can be concisely solved. Specially, for a damping process characteristic of the decay constant k we find that the matrix element of p（t） at time t in 〈η｜ representation is proportional to that of the initial po in the decayed entangled state （ηe^-kt｜ representation, accompanying with a Gaussian damping factor. Thus we have a new insight about the nature of the dissipative process. We also set up the so-called thermo-entangled state representation of density operators, ρ = f（d^2η/π）（η｜ρ〉D（η）, which is different from all the previous known representations.

Master equation describing the diffusion process for a coherent state

The evolution of a pure coherent state into a chaotic state is described very well by a master equation, as is validated via an examination of the coherent state＇s evolution during the diffusion process, fully utilizing the technique of integration within an ordered product （IWOP） of operators. The same equation also describes a limitation that maintains the coherence in a weak diffusion process, i.e., when the dissipation is very weak and the initial average photon number is large. This equation is dp/dt = -κ[a＋ap -a＋pa -apa＋ ＋ paa＋]. The physical difference between this diffusion equation and the better-known amplitude damping master equation is pointed out.

Solving nonlinear master equation describing quantum damping by virtue of the entangled state representation

This paper solves the newly constructed nonlinear master equation dρ/dt = κ[2f （N） aρ （1/f （N - 1））a^＋ -a^＋aρ- ρa^＋a], where f（N） is an operator-valued function of N = a^＋a, for describing amplitude damping channel, and derives the infinite operator sum representation of quasi-Kraus operators for the density operator. It also shows that in this nonlinear process the initial pure number state density operator will evolve into the binomial field （a mixed state） when f （N） = 1√N ＋ 1.

New approach for analysing master equations of generalized phase diffusion models in the entangled state representation

By virtue of the well-behaved properties of the bipartite entangled states representation, this paper analyse and solves some master equations for generalized phase diffusion models, which seems concise and effective. This method can also be applied to solve other master equations.

A Stochastic Extension of Macroscopic Stability Criterion of Nonequilibrium Steady State in Chemical Reaction Systems Governed by Master Equation

By means of both the separation of the perturbation in accordance with characteristic parnmeters and the Kramers Moyal-expansion of the master equation, it is shown that the time derivative of the partial excess quantity of stochastic entropy due to the deviation from the most probable path is related to the responsibility of a system to the external macroscopic perturbations. This evolution rate of the partial excess stochastic entropy is equivalent to the partlal excess stochastic entropy production, as well as the stochastic excess entropy production rate based on the stochastic potential npproach. It appears also as an eqivalent quantity of the Gibbs excess entropy production for the Polsson distribution. The macroscopic stability of chemical reaction systems is dominnted by this new stochastic quantity when the local equilibrium thermodynamics is broken down .

Solving Master Equation for Two-Mode Density Matrices by Virtue of ThermalEntangled State Representation

We extend the approach of solving master equations for density matrices by projecting it onto the thermal entangled state representation(Hong-Yi Fan and Jun-Hua Chen,J.Phys.A35(2002)6873)to two-mode case.In this approach the two-photon master equations can be directly and conveniently converted into c-number partial differential equations.As an example,we solve the typical master equation for two-photon process in some limiting cases.

基于有限状态机的电口模块Flash初始化系统设计与实现

在10GBASE-T RJ45 SFP+模块生产过程中,常用的生产方式是在贴片前对Flash进行烧录,当出现固件更新、烧录出错的情况时,模块无法方便地实现反复烧录。分析并提出了一种基于有限状态机的初始化系统,并在自主设计的模块中进行了实验验证。在上位机之中存储固件数据,并对初始化流程进行整体控制;在MCU之中完成一个有限状态机,并通过MDIO控制PHY芯片,将数据写入到Flash之中,同时通过CRC完成固件数据的校验。测试结果表明,该系统能够实现模块在贴片后的重复烧录工作,减少88.55%的返工时间。

我国药用辅料关联审评制度改革进展及思考

目的:对比研究我国药用辅料关联审评制度与美国药品主文件登记制度的核心要素,为完善我国药用辅料管理制度提出几点建议。方法:对我国药用辅料关联审评制度和美国药品主文件登记制度涉及的登记范围、登记主体、登记资料要求,以及完整性审查、关联审评、变更管理6个核心要素做了对比研究。结果与结论:我国药用辅料关联审评制度的核心要素与美国药品主文件登记制度基本一致,但我国药用辅料管理在一些理念和实践层面均有进一步完善的空间,包括以风险为基础的管理理念有待深入贯彻,登记状态的意义有待进一步澄清,辅料的变更管理可进一步优化。

苏轼“闲者便是主人”自然审美心境论探析

“闲者便是主人”自然审美心境论,包含了苏轼对自然审美时应该保持何种心境的思考,主要涉及以下三个问题:一是苏轼思想中的闲适心境。在苏轼看来,闲适心境并非指向虚无缥缈、远离尘世、沉沦认命,而是趋向自由、超脱执着、通晓天命的内心状态。这样的闲适心境可以成为最适合的自然审美心境。二是闲适心境与自然审美。“闲”“超然”“快哉”“痴”“狂”,这便是闲适心境在苏轼自然审美中的具体呈现。三是审美“主人”的问题。苏轼认为,拥有闲适心境的人对万物毫无占有之心,他们不“留意于物”,只“寓意于物”,精神自由自在,从而成为万物审美层面上的“主人”。

Evolution law of a negative binomial state in an amplitude dissipative channel

For the first time we derive the evolution law of the negative binomial state In） （nI in an ampli-tude dissipative channel with a damping constant to. We find that after passing through the channel, the final state is still a negative binomial state, however the parameter γ evolves into The decay law of theaverage photon number is also obtained.

New approach to solving master equations of density operator for the Jaynes Cummings model with cavity damping

By introducing thermo-entangled state representation Ⅰη〉, which can map master equations of density operator in quantum statistics as state-vector evolution equations, and using ＂dissipative interaction picture＂ we solve the master equation of Jaynes-Cummings model with cavity damping. In addition we derive the Wigner function for density operator when the atom is initially in the up state Ⅰ↑〉 and the cavity mode is in coherent state.

Dynamical evolution of photon-added thermal state in thermal reservoir

The dynamical behavior of a photon-added thermal state(PATS) in a thermal reservoir is investigated by virtue of Wigner function(WF) and Wigner logarithmic negativity(WLN), where this propagation model is abstracted as an input–output problem in a thermal-loss channel. The density operator of the output optical field at arbitrary time can be expressed in the integration form of the characteristics function of the input optical field. The exact analytical expression of WF is given, which is closely related to the Laguerre polynomial and is dependent on the evolution time and other interaction parameters(related with the initial field and the reservoir). Based on the WLN, we observe the dynamical evolution of the PATS in the thermal reservoir. It is shown that the thermal noise will make the PATS lose the non-Gaussianity.

Entropy and Entanglement in Master Equation of Effective Hamiltonian for Jaynes-Cummings Model

In this paper, we analytically solve the master equation for Jaynes-Cummings model in the dispersive regime including phase damping and the field is assumed to be initially in a superposition of coherent states. Using an established entanglement measure based on the negativity of the eigenvalues of the partially transposed density matrix we find a very strong sensitivity of the maximally generated entanglement to the amount of phase damping. Qualitatively this behavior is also reflected in alternative entanglement measures, but the quantitative agreement between different measures depends on the chosen noise model The phase decoherence for this model results in monotonic increase in the total entropy while the atomic sub-entropy keeps its periodic behaviour without any effect.

基于Stateflow的轨旁安全平台主备切换机制设计

目前,轨旁安全平台(TSP)已成功应用于地铁区域控制器和城际铁路通信控制器中,TSP采用了二乘二取二的冗余架构,其主备切换机制运用了模型驱动开发的方式进行设计。在介绍其主备工作原理及切换控制策略的基础上,通过Stateflow建立主备切换状态机模型,并利用Simulink搭建了一套主备切换控制系统;通过相关的测试用例验证,达到了预期的要求,能正确实现主备切换逻辑。

SiC MOSFET模块化直流固态断路器的集成化封装

直流断路器是关断直流输配电网中短路电流的关键设备。与机械断路器相比,使用半导体器件关断短路电流的固态断路器(SSCB)和混合断路器在响应时间方面表现出很大的优势。多个半导体器件串联有助于直流SSCB承受直流母线的高压,但会导致高成本和大体积。提出了一种基于SiC MOSFET模块化主从驱动的直流SSCB,所有串联器件仅需一个驱动器,简化了栅极驱动电路。对模块进行单面散热封装,可以减小寄生电感并优化散热,使器件的性能得到更好的发挥。实验结果表明,该直流SSCB可以承受700X V的直流母线电压(X为模块数),可在20μs内关断70 A短路电流。模块化设计具有更高的灵活性和更低的成本。

应用ArcGIS模型构建器验收国有林场矢量界线数据

为保证国有林场边界数据真实性、准确性,降低国有林场矢量界线数据验收工作量,在国有林场矢量界线及最新的森林资源管理“一张图”基础上,利用ArcGIS建模技术和Python语句完成小班图形检查、属性检查及统计汇总,实现了自动化、简单化检查数据,该方法较常规手工操作处理数据方法效率有一定地提高,缩短了数据验收的时间,降低了数据处理的难度。

基于稳态数据的调度主站热稳定控制技术

因网架结构和负荷增大等原因,电网运行热稳定问题日益突出。文中从稳态量测数据实用化角度出发,针对短期性和临时性的电网热稳定过载问题,在调度主站能量管理系统中开发热稳定控制子系统,通过分钟级别响应的远程自动控制,切除远方负荷或机组,从而可提高热稳定运行限额和电网供电能力。介绍了主站热稳定控制的原理和实现方法,并且阐述了控制策略管理、三相跳闸事故判定、过载识别及消除和控制可靠性等关键技术。实际运行效果验证了该技术的有效性。

精确时钟同步协议最佳主时钟算法

精确时钟同步协议(IEEE1588)是关于网络测量和控制系统的时间协议,可达到较高的网络对时精度,实现高精度的时间同步。最佳主时钟算法(BMC)是IEEE1588的最主要的核心技术之一,按IEEE1588协议进行时钟同步的系统通过运行最佳主时钟算法来选择系统中的主时钟,其他时钟全以主时钟作为参考进行时钟同步。分析了精确时钟同步协议最佳主时钟算法的组成、相关概念及原理,根据算法的原理和实际要求设计了最佳主时钟算法功能模块,在Linux下用C语言编写程序,实现了最佳主时钟算法,给出了模块的设计流程图,为测试模块的功能,设计了测试验证图。通过验证,所设计的程序能实现最佳主时钟算法。

我国药学硕士专业学位研究生培养现状与对策研究——基于58家药学硕士研究生培养单位的调查

我国药学硕士专业学位研究生教育还处于创立期,其人才培养的实际效果倍受社会各界关注。通过对全国58家药学硕士专业学位研究生培养单位的教育管理者进行问卷调查,发现我国药学硕士专业学位研究生教育普遍存在受重视程度不够、培养特色不明显、人才培养目标空洞、双导师指导效果不佳、专业实践不规范等问题。对产生这些问题的原因进行分析,并提出了相应的对策建议。

含新能源直流电网的状态反馈控制

为适应直流电网智能、高效、经济地运行,实现网络中不同分布式电源、客户端的协同运行,基于六端树状直流电网物理仿真平台需求提出了一种适用于含新能源并网的电网系统级控制策略。将该六端电网视为一个多输入多输出的系统,利用键图方法提取出网架的状态空间方程,分析该系统的动态特性后确定闭环极点配置的优化目标,并提出用线性系统综合的方法设计了状态反馈控制器。最后,在Matlab/Simulink仿真平台中搭建了该模型,并与传统主从裕度控制方法做了仿真对比。结果显示所提状态反馈控制器对新能源带来的电压波动具有明显抑制效果。