Field study of thermal comfort and indoor air quality in gymnasium

To analyze the thermal comfort and indoor air quality (IAQ) in a medium-sized mechanically ventilated gymnasium in Beijing,a field study was carried out. PHOENICS,one of the CFD software,was chosen to simulate the distribution of the indicators of indoor air in the gymnasium to check the air-conditioning parameters reasonable or not. And there was a questionnaire for audiences and staff about the acceptance and satisfaction of the thermal comfort,simultaneously,some environmental parameters were monitored. Then an experiment was carried out in gymnasium with the plate sedimentation to the biological aerosol in the air. Finally,the thermal comfort and IAQ in the gymnasium were assessed based on the results of above questionnaire survey and measurements. The results show that most parameters of the environmental are within the standard limits of thermal comfort and IAQ in the monitored period,and the biological contaminants initially come from human beings. The main species in the gymnasium are streptobacillus,coccus,cladosporium,penicillium and neurospora.

Proposal of Stainless Steel Roof Structure and Tiles for Gymnasiums

This work proposed an architectural alternative project of a stainless steel roof structure that uses roof tiles also in stainless steel with emphasis on roofs for multi-sport gymnasiums.In the development of the work,two existing multi-sports gymnasiums are taken as a reference,but with ASTM(American Society for Testing and Materials)A36 steel roof structure.The proposed cover system uses cables and light gauge profiles,in commercial stainless steel,which reduces the weight and of course the final price of the roof structure.A structure that presents technical feasibility is obtained and analyzed by checking its behavior with respect to the efforts and displacements generated by the combinations of the acting loads,following the safety recommendations of the applicable standard.It is verified that using the stainless steel structure proposed in this work would cost 42%of the reference structure if this were in AISI(American Iron and Steel Institute)304 stainless steel.And this cost tends to be minimized due to greater durability and consequent reduction in maintenance costs of this type of steel.

Wind tunnel testing of wind pressures on a large gymnasium roof

A wind tunnel test was conducted for a large steel gymnasium structure. Simultaneous pressure measurements were made on its entire ellipsoidal roof in a simulated suburban boundary layer flow field. Special attention is paid to the characteristics of fluctuating wind pressures in different zones on the roof. Some selected results are presented:1) correlations between fluctuating wind pressures on both roof surfaces,2) eigenvalues and eigenvectors of covariance matrices of the fluctuating wind pressures,3) probability distributions of the fluctuating wind pressures,and 4) statistical characteristics of peak factor. Furthermore,the applicability of the quasi-steady approach is discussed in detail. Based on the results,an empirical formula for estimating the minimum pressure coefficients,using a peak factor approach,is presented. Comparison of the minimum pressure coefficients determined by the proposed formula and those obtained from the wind tunnel tests is made to examine the applicability and accuracy of the proposed formula.

Land Use Characteristics of Areas Around the Metro Station in the Old City of Chengdu: A Case Study of Sichuan Gymnasium Station

Taking Sichuan Gymnasium Station as the research object, we explore land use characteristics over time of areas around Sichuan Gymnasium Station in terms of time. We extract the basic information of land use in areas around Sichuan Gymnasium Station in 2005, 2011, and 2016 through Google Earth in order to draw the map of land use status in three time nodes. We then analyze the degree of mixing and equilibrium, intensity of development of land, and land use patterns of areas around Sichuan Gymnasium Station with indexes including the area proportion of land use patterns, information entropy, and degree of equilibrium within a 1,000-m radius centered on the station, so as to reveal the spatial distribution characteristics of land around the station in different time nodes. Through comparative analysis, it is found that the development of rail transit has not significantly contributed to the boom of commerce and the development of the old city of Chengdu. We also analyze land use changes in areas around Sichuan Gymnasium Station in terms of space, and find that land use patterns in areas around commuter stations seem to be more complicated than that of the average station, and land use patterns in areas around Huaxiba Station and Nijiaqiao Station on Line 1, which opened first, are more complicated than that of Moziqiao Station and Yiguanmiao Station on Line 3. The original land use patterns formed in the old city often determine the selection of rail transit routes and rail transit stations. Adaptive stations do not play a decisive role in land use patterns in their surrounding areas, but have some impact on the plot ratio and building height of land for commercial use within the core area of the stations.

十堰某体育馆106m跨内凹弦支穹顶结构设计关键问题研究

十堰某体育馆主体结构采用框架-剪力墙结构体系,上部106m大跨内凹形屋盖采用弦支穹顶结构体系。为了满足建筑简洁性及结构合理性需求,对屋盖进行了四角锥网架、弦支穹顶及网架-弦支穹顶组合的不同结构形式对比,最终选用结构轻巧、经济性好的弦支穹顶结构体系。结合弦支穹顶结构自身的受力特点以及其对下部结构的不利影响,对弦支穹顶结构上下弦布置、扭转刚度、支座约束条件、撑杆高度等进行了优化。对弦支穹顶断索情况下的响应、不同工况下的支座位移以及拉索低应力状态下的刚度退化进行了验算。结果表明,优化后的屋盖结构满足结构安全、适用性的要求,同时也有较高的冗余度。

瓯海奥体中心体育馆100m跨无环索弦支网壳结构设计

瓯海奥体中心由体育场、体育馆、游泳馆及体育配套用房组成,其中体育馆主体结构采用钢筋混凝土框架结构,屋盖采用了无环索弦支网壳结构体系,为国内外首例该结构体系工程。设计中针对屋盖结构进行了屈曲分析及抗连续倒塌分析,结果表明结构的整体稳定性较好、抗连续倒塌能力强,进一步证明了结构体系选择的合理性。对拉索索力进行了专项分析,保证在各工况组合下拉索均不破断及退出受拉状态,且刚度退化后仍满足设计要求。

“元宇宙”时代我国高校体育场馆数字化建设策略研究

高校体育场馆数字化建设是迈向“元宇宙”方向发展的一类典型领域,对于国家数字经济的发展和教育数字化战略行动的实施具有重要意义。高校体育场馆数字化建设的基本任务一旦实现,将能提高场馆资源利用率,解决场地供不应求的现实问题;实现场馆能源精细化管理,达成“节能减排”绿色运营目标;依托便捷服务优化用户体验,培育大学生锻炼行为;立足数字化科学管理,实现场馆资源动态优化配置。研究通过文献研究、案例分析、逻辑分析等研究方法,提出高校体育场馆数字信息管理平台建设的架构设想及可行路径:(1)做好顶层设计,实现数字信息管理平台的持续迭代创新;(2)根据业务需要,循序渐进地配置相关智慧设备;(3)逐步完善数字化高校体育场馆的管理制度建设。

大跨度现浇预应力空心楼盖在室内体育馆的应用及质量控制

针对大跨度梁板结构体系存在的梁截面高、室内净高不足、影响功能使用以及增加造价等问题,通过案例分析法并以某学院风雨操场工程的乒乓球、羽毛球训练馆为例,深入分析大跨度现浇预应力空心楼盖技术在室内体育馆的应用以及关键工序的质量控制等重要问题。结果表明:预应力空心楼盖体系能很好地解决使用跨度和室内净空高度等问题。

Effect of building interface form on thermal Check foi comfort in gymnasiums in hot and humid climates

The thermal environment and thermal comfort of a building are greatly affected by the desig n of the build ing interface form. Most con temporary architectural designs con sider only the relations between architectural form and architectural beauty. Few studies on the correlati on of architectural form and thermal comfort address the in flue nee of architectural form on thermal comfort and thermal environment. These studies are particularly important for gymnasium architectures located in hot and humid areas, which have high requirements for thermal comfort. This paper presents an experimental investigati on and an an alysis of the effect of the building in terface form of gymnasiums on thermal comfort in hot and humid subtropical regions during summer. Results showed that the influence of the top interface forms on thermal comfort is mainly dominated by the mea n radiant temperature, which could be con trolled to improve thermal comfort. The in fluence of side interface forms on thermal comfort is mainly domi nated by air velocity, and thermal comfort could be improved by promoting natural ventilation on the side interface form design to reduce indoor heat. This research enhanced our understanding of the relation between the in terface form and the thermal comfort of gymnasiums. In addition, this paper provides a theoretical reference for the sustainable design of gymnasiums in hot and humid climates.

内聚外融——基于高校体育馆实践的设计策略研究

在“全民健身”的战略背景下,高等院校体育馆高速发展,而随着高校规模的不断扩大,建设用地的需求日益紧张,土地资源稀缺、体育馆规模庞大及空间利用率低的问题日益显著。应对这一挑战并充分考虑高校体育馆的特点,提出“内聚外融”的设计策略,以宁波大学科技学院、浙大海宁国际校区、抚州医学院体育馆三个工程营造为例,阐述“内聚”在行为流线梳理、多维空间复合、弹性模块转化等方面的聚合,“外融”在契合校园尺度、模糊内外边界、营造场所环境等方面的融合,达到内外空间的和合共生,旨在为我国高校体育馆建设提供有益的参考。

高校体育馆大跨度钢结构施工与监测关键技术

为控制大跨度复杂钢结构应力和变形,提高施工精度,以辽宁省抚顺市某高校体育馆为研究对象,在分析大跨度钢结构的施工关键技术基础上,采用内环梁分段安装、主拱肋采用整根吊装的施工方案。起重设备为1 250 t履带吊,引入施工无线监测系统对结构内力和变形进行监测。系统主要由无线传感器子系统、实时数据采集子系统、无线网络传输子系统和移动终端数据处理及预警子系统组成。结果表明,引入的施工无线监测可实现施工阶段关键构件结构内力、变形和温度的实时远程监测;主拱肋应力随着时间呈现剧烈的变动,整体规律为先增加后降低再趋于稳定,主拱肋的位移呈现先增加后趋于稳定的变化趋势,最大应力为4.9 MPa,最大位移值为9.2 mm。

大跨度体育场风效应的大涡模拟及风洞实验研究

文章运用大涡模拟(large eddy simulation,LES)湍流模型对天长市某大跨度体育场风效应进行数值风洞模拟,得到体育场平均风压、脉动风压分布规律及风荷载时程,利用阵风荷载因子法计算体育场屋盖的风振系数及等效静力风荷载,与风洞实验结果开展对比研究。结果表明,数值模拟评估的体育场表面风压分布规律与风洞实验结果吻合较好,能够较好地反映大跨度体育场表面风压分布情况,2种方法计算得到的风振系数及等效静力风荷载也基本相同,说明大涡模拟技术能有效预测大跨度空间结构风荷载。研究结果可为大跨度体育场的抗风设计提供技术参考。

三亚亚沙会体育中心体育馆结构设计

三亚亚沙会体育中心体育馆为倒锥体形态的特殊体型超限高层建筑,外围周边柱子均为外倾斜柱(折柱),受力情况复杂。首先对体育馆下部混凝土部分、屋盖钢结构部分和大跨度上人楼盖部分的结构体系进行详细介绍;在此基础上,对体育馆结构设计时的荷载取值、多软件对比分析、钢屋盖及其支座设计等一系列内容做了进一步详细阐述,并重点介绍了周圈外倾斜柱(折柱)的计算长度系数、极限承载能力和节点分析,以及大跨度上人楼盖的舒适度分析和主体结构的大震动力弹塑性分析等。分析结果表明,该体育馆结构具有良好的安全性能。

浙江省体育场馆地震灾害风险隐患评估分析及探讨

为了提高基础设施抗震能力,降低重要基础设施的地震灾害风险,基于浙江省地震灾害风险普查工作数据成果,综合考虑体育场馆的建造年代、场地类别、设防标准、建筑面积、建筑物现状等情况,对浙江省部分体育场馆进行地震灾害风险隐患调查与评估。根据调查与评估结果,深入探讨影响体育场馆地震灾害风险等级的主要因素,并提出针对不同风险隐患等级体育场馆的建议,包括局部加固、专项评估、民众科普等。开展此次地震灾害风险隐患专项评估有利于进一步了解省内体育场馆地震灾害风险隐患情况和摸清体育场馆抗震设防能力底数,为后续开展大范围重要基础设施地震灾害风险排查打下良好基础,同时为有效推进浙江省风险普查成果应用提供经验。

北航青岛校区体育馆结构设计

北航青岛校区体育馆主体结构采用框架结构体系,屋盖结构采用两向正交正放网架。本工程存在扭转不规则、楼板不连续、局部穿层柱、个别构件转换等不规则项,属于超限建筑。对工程进行了小震弹性分析和大震动力弹塑性分析,针对结构的薄弱部位采取了一系列有效的加强措施。同时本工程还对屋盖与主体结构的连接方案进行了分析比较,对屋盖桁架的稳定性进行了分析,对屋盖典型的钢结构节点进行了有限元分析,对室内运动场地进行了舒适度分析,对超长结构楼盖进行了温度应力分析。结果表明:结构安全可靠,满足预设的性能目标。

基于情感三层次理论的高校体育馆空间设计策略研究

当前,高校体育馆设计多偏向于整体性规划,缺乏对高校学生群体感官、使用与情感体验的考量,文章以情感三层次理论作为依据,结合高校大学生群体对体育馆空间的使用痛点与情感分析,从本能,行为,反思3个层面出发,分别对场馆的光环境、声环境、色彩环境、材质环境、空间与设施、氛围营造上提出设计策略,以期为之后高校体育馆空间设计提供一定的参考与借鉴。

皮革材料在体育馆建筑装饰中的应用研究

皮革是一种质地优良、性能稳定且具有一定可循环利用性的材料。本文对皮革材料在体育场馆建筑装饰中的应用价值进行分析,认为皮革材料的使用可以拓展体育场馆建筑装饰的思路,提升体育场馆细节设计水平,实现皮革材料在体育场馆内的可循环利用。