Anti-plane deformations around arbitrary-shaped canyons on a wedge-shape half-space:moment method solutions

The wave propagation behavior in an elastic wedge-shaped medium with an arbitrary shaped cylindrical canyon at its vertex has been studied.Numerical computation of the wave displacement field is carried out on and near the canyon surfaces using weighted-residuals(moment method).The wave displacement fields are computed by the residual method for the cases of elliptic,circular,rounded-rectangular and flat-elliptic canyons,The analysis demonstrates that the resulting surface displacement depends,as in similar previous analyses,on several factors including,but not limited,to the angle of the wedge,the geometry of the vertex,the frequencies of the incident waves,the angles of incidence,and the material properties of the media.The analysis provides intriguing results that help to explain geophysical observations regarding the amplification of seismic energy as a function of site conditions.

An Effective Method for Free Vibration of Plate on Elastic Half Space

The vibration analysis of a plate on an elastic foundation is an important problem in engineering. It is the interaction of a plate with the three-dimensional half space and the plate is usually loaded from both the upper and lower surfaces. The contact pressure from the soil can not be predefined. According to Lamb's solution for a single oscillating force acting on a point on the surface of an elastic half space, and the relevant approximation formulae, a relation between the local pressure and the deflection of the plate has been proposed. Based on this analysis, the reaction of the soil can be represented as the deformation of the plate. Therefore, the plate can be separated from the soil and only needs to be divided by a number of elements in the analysis. The following procedure is the same as the standard finite element method. This is a semi-analytical and semi-numerical method. It has been applied to the dynamic analysis of circular or rectangular plates on the elastic half space, at low or high frequency vibration, and on rigid, soft or flexible foundations. The results show that this method is versatile and highly accurate.

Time domain method for calculating free field motion of a layered half-space subjected to obliquely incident body waves

In numerical simulation of wave scattering under oblique incident body waves using the finite element method, the free field motion at the incident lateral boundary induced by the background layered half-space complicates the computational area. In order to replace the complex frequency domain method, a time-domain method to calculate the free field motion of a layered half-space subjected to oblique incident body waves is developed in this paper. The new method decouples the equations of motion used in the finite element method and offers an interpolation formula of the free field motion. This formula is based on the fact that the apparent horizontal velocity of the free field motion is constant and can be calculated exactly. Both the theoretical analysis and numerical results demonstrate that the proposed method offers a high degree of accuracy.

In-plane dynamic Green's functions for inclined and uniformly distributed loads in a multi-layered transversely isotropic half-space

The dynamic stiffness method combined with the Fourier transform is utilized to derive the in-plane Green’s functions for inclined and uniformly distributed loads in a multi-layered transversely isotropic（TI）half-space.The loaded layer is fixed to obtain solutions restricted in it and the corresponding reactions forces,which are then applied to the total system with the opposite sign.By adding solutions restricted in the loaded layer to solutions from the reaction forces,the global solutions in the wavenumber domain are obtained,and the dynamic Green’s functions in the space domain are recovered by the inverse Fourier transform.The presented formulations can be reduced to the isotropic case developed by Wolf（1985）,and are further verified by comparisons with existing solutions in a uniform isotropic as well as a layered TI halfspace subjected to horizontally distributed loads which are special cases of the more general problem addressed.The deduced Green’s functions,in conjunction with boundary element methods,will lead to significant advances in the investigation of a variety of wave scattering,wave radiation and soil-structure interaction problems in a layered TI site.Selected numerical results are given to investigate the influence of material anisotropy,frequency of excitation,inclination angle and layered on the responses of displacement and stress,and some conclusions are drawn.

Seismogram Synthesis in Multi-layered Half-space Part Ⅰ. Theoretical Formulations

In the past two decades numerous studies were made to develop and improve the theory and practical computation techniques of synthesizing theoretical seismograms for the model of multi-layered half-space. Today, synthesizing theoretical seismograms in multi-layered half-space is an important tool for understanding the structure of the Earth’s interior as well as the seismic source process from well-recorded seismograms data. As part of a review of the state-of-the-art, in this article I shall present a systematic and self-contained theory of elastic waves in multi-layered half-space media based on the developments in the past two decades.

Diffraction of plane P waves around an alluvial valley in poroelastic half-space

Diffraction of plane P waves around an alluvial valley of arbitrary shape in poroelastic half-space is investigated by using an indirect boundary integral equation method. Based on the Green＇s fimctions of line source in poroelastic half-space, the scattered waves are constructed using the fictitious wave sources close to the interface of the valley and the density of ficti- tious wave sources are determined by boundary conditions. The precision of the method is verified by the satisfaction extent of boundary conditions, and the comparison between the degenerated solutions and available results in single-phase case. Finally, the nature of diffraction of plane P waves around an alluvial valley in poroelastic half-space is investigated in detail through nu- merical examples.

Dynamic soil-tunnel interaction in layered half-space for incident plane SH waves

The dynamic soil-tunnel interaction is studied by indirect boundary element method （IBEM）, using the model of a rigid tunnel in layered half-space, which is simplified to a single soil layer on elastic bedrock, subjected to incident plane SH waves. The accuracy of the results is verified through comparison with the analytical solution. It is shown that soil-tunnel interaction in layered half-space is larger than that in homogeneous half-space and this interaction mechanism is essentially different from that of soil-foundation-superstructure interaction.

Analytical Solution for an Elastic Sphere Indenting a Layered Half-Space

The contact problem for the elastic sphere indenting a layered half-space is considered. Analytical methods for solving this problem have been developed on the basis of the 3-D fundamental solution of a half space with a single coating layer under a normal concentrated force on the surface. The normal pressure distribution within the contact zone is assumed as Hertzian type. The solutions are constructed using superposition principle in the form of infinite series. Through comparing with the numerical results of FEM,it can be verified that the exact solutions have a rapid convergence rate and the stresses and displacements are mainly determined by the first term,which is corresponding to the solution of homogeneous half-space under Hertzian loading. The contact radius can be predicted applying the method.

2.5D scattering of incident plane SV waves by a canyon in layered half-space

This paper presents a 2.5D scattering of incident plane SV waves by a canyon in a layered half-space by using the indirect boundary element method （IBEM）. A free field response analysis is performed to provide the displacements and stresses on the boundary of the canyon where fictitious uniform moving loads are applied to calculate the Green＇s fi.mctions for the displacements and stresses. The amplitudes of the loads are determined by the boundary conditions. The free field displacements are added to the fictitious uniform moving loads induced displacements and the total response is obtained. Numerical calculations are performed for a canyon with homogenous and in one layer over bedrock. The effects of the thickness and stiffness of the layer on the amplification are studied and discussed.

Dynamic soil-tunnel interaction in layered half-space for incident P-and SV-waves

The dynamic soil-tunnel interaction is studied by the model of a rigid tunnel embedded in layered half-space, which is simplified as a single soil layer on elastic bedrock to the excitation of P- and SV-waves. The indirect boundary element method is used, combined with the Green＇ s function of distributed loads acting on inclined lines. It is shown that the dynamic characteristics of soil-tunnel interaction in layered half-space are different much from that in homoge- neous half-space, and that the mechanism of soil-tunnel interaction is also different much from that of soil-founda- tion-superstructure interaction. For oblique incidence, the tunnel response for in-plane incident SV-waves is com- pletely different from that for incident SH-waves, while the tunnel response for vertically incident SV-wave is very similar to that of vertically incident SH-wave.

非饱和半空间受埋置集中力作用初值解

基坑开挖和盾构掘进引起的环境效应是城市岩土工程中的重点,现有研究较少考虑土体的非饱和性。基于连续介质力学建立三维非饱和固结方程,假定初始时段体变为0,孔压和气压不随时间变化,引入McNamee和Schiffman位移函数,将固结方程的初解问题解耦为一组调和方程,通过Hankel变换将偏微分方程组转换为常微分方程组,利用边界条件和连续条件给出变换域内的位移和应力初值解答,最后通过Hankel逆变换给出原非饱和半空间域的解析解答,通过退化算例验证文中方法的正确性。算例分析表明,埋置集中力作用下,随着饱和度减小,位移逐渐减小,超静孔压则呈现先增加后减小的趋势。文中解答可以作为基本解,用于基坑开挖和盾构掘进等工程施工引起的非饱和地层位移场和应力场分析以及对邻近构筑物影响研究。

机械加工MBD毛坯模型的特征识别设计方法

为了解决基于模型的定义(MBD)环境下机械加工毛坯辅助设计问题,采用特征识别技术辅助创建三维毛坯模型.首先分析了机械加工工艺设计环节MBD毛坯模型的组成要素与模型要求,并建立零件模型的属性面邻接图;根据零件模型上加工特征的特点划分简单特征、体积特征和表面特征;通过属性面邻接子图的模式从特征集合中识别出简单特征与体积特征,并利用补特征法与半空间法抑制这2种特征;最后,根据工艺员输入的表面加工余量创建抑制表面特征的实体.在整个毛坯设计推理过程中研究了三维制造标注的维护方法,最终达到辅助工艺员快速设计MBD毛坯模型的目的.

半空间复杂目标的高频分析方法

该文研究了半空间内复杂导体目标散射的高频求解方法。分析半空间电磁波的传播规律,将半空间并矢格林函数引入传统的物理光学方法,等效电磁流法方法中,推导出半空间物理光学算法、半空间等效电磁流算法,同时结合图形电磁学和射线追踪方法,分别对半空间复杂目标的消隐和多重散射进行考虑,与半空间目标面元、棱边散射场相叠加,快速有效地计算了半空间复杂目标的雷达散射截面。数值结果证明了方法的有效性和准确性。

取土器贯入土体引起土体扰动的理论分析

为了研究取土器贯入对土体产生的扰动影响,基于贯入问题的半无限空间特性,根据半无限空间内球孔扩张产生的变形和应变解,推导出取土器贯入土体过程中产生的应变公式.分析了取土管中心线上土体单元应变变化和其影响因素,并与Balign的结果进行了比较.结果表明,取土器贯入土体对其内部土体产生了扰动影响,其中对两端土体扰动相对较大,中间土体相对较小.取土器径厚比、长径比均对贯入过程中土体单元的应变产生影响.

变电站接地网雷电电磁场的快速算法

提出了一种计算大型变电站接地网电磁场的快速算法。首先,该算法使用修正镜像法(modified image method,MIM)将待求模型所处的半无限有损空间化为均匀空间,从而避免了原电场积分方程中出现的索末菲积分计算。其次,借助快速多极子方法(fast multipole method,FMM)求解该电场积分方程,最后,利用共轭梯度法求解线性代数方程。在选取基函数及权函数时充分考虑了阻抗矩阵对称性和区组元素相互作用的平移不变性。与其他文献及CDEGS软件的计算对比结果,验证了该算法的正确性、适用性及有效性。

黏弹性地基上厚筏基础蠕变沉降的耦合边界元法

采用Boltzmann剪切松弛模型和体积弹性模型组合的黏弹性半空间地基模型,考虑筏板的横向剪切变形效应和柱荷载随时间的变化,在时间增量段对基底反力进行Newton二次插值,建立了时间域内黏弹性地基与厚筏基础相互作用分析的耦合边界元数值方法,并导出了相应的数值计算公式,为分析施工过程以及施工结束后筏板基础随时间持续发展的沉降和差异沉降以及弯矩和剪力提供了一种有效的数值计算方法。计算表明,在建筑物施工结束后,随着地基的蠕变,基底反力由基础中间向四周转移,但这种变化并不显著。筏板的沉降、差异沉降和最大弯矩则随地基的蠕变在一个较长时间内显著增加,最终接近于一稳定值。对于蠕变特性明显的地基,设计时应予以重视。

半空间分割法的数学模型及算法研究

本文在建立半空间分割法数学模型的基础上，通过实例研究其算法。

一种探测低飞目标的PD雷达仿真系统

针对相参体制的脉冲雷达波形,在综合考虑雷达平台及低飞目标运动规律的基础上,采用半空间物理光学结合图形电磁学,快速准确地计算了半空间低飞复杂目标的雷达散射截面,并按照真实地形的地形高程数据和地形地物特征,生成地杂波模拟数据。最后,采用频域信号处理方法对包含目标和杂波信息的雷达回波信号进行研究,实现对目标探测、测速、测距的功能。给出了仿真系统的总体架构和各模块的功能原理,并用仿真实例进行验证。

基片与多形态缺陷粒子的复合光散射

为了给基片无损检测工程提供强有力的理论基础,提出三种形态的缺陷粒子散射模型。针对基片与缺陷粒子的半空间问题,吸收边界使用了广义完全匹配吸收层,结合三波技术引入激励源给出相应的连接边界条件并将互易性定理应用到近远场外推中使过程简化。数值计算给出了镶嵌于基片中的多种几何体Cu和SiO2缺陷粒子的散射场的角分布及p偏振和s偏振下镶嵌Cu球体粒子的电场分布。结果显示:角分布和场分布跟粒子形态关系密切。椭球体散射场的震荡明显比柱体场震荡激烈。在s偏振下电场强度分布差值极小,不利于通过分析场值分布特点反演缺陷特征值。因此建议工程上使用p偏振光对基片进行无损检测。

动力机器基础设计的数值方法研究

在“数值方法”总的思路指导下 ,结合动力机器基础振动的特点 ,把土与基础视作一弹性共同作用体系 ,利用大型工程分析软件ADINA ,分别对简单地基条件下基础不同振型及复杂地基条件下的耦合振动进行了系统的数值试验 ,并将所得的结果与相应条件下由《规范》方法与Lysmer比拟法计算的结果进行了对比分析 ,验证了数值计算方法对于动力机器基础设计的系统性。