Knowing the time extension degree of full mortality in phosphine fumigation at low temperature significantly contributes to successful insect pest control,especially for reducing fumigation failure and inhibiting resi...Knowing the time extension degree of full mortality in phosphine fumigation at low temperature significantly contributes to successful insect pest control,especially for reducing fumigation failure and inhibiting resistance development.The comparison ofmortality and lethal time on eggs,larvae,pupae and adults of Cryptolestes ferrugineus(Stephens)was conducted,and the strain with 1043 times of resistance factor to phosphine was assayed during fumigation with 300 mL/m^3 of phosphine concentration at 18,23 and 28℃.The LT50 values to eggs,larvae,pupae and adults of C.ferrugineus at 18℃ were postponed by 2,2,1 and 5 d comparedwith that at 23℃,and 5,4,5 and 7 d compared with that at 28℃,respectively.The LT99 values to eggs,larvae,pupae and adults at 18℃ were 5,1,2 and 7 d longer than that at 23℃,and 6,5,5 and 10 d longer than that at 28℃,respectively.The lethal time of different life stages of the C.ferrugineus strain significantly increased with temperature decreasing.The exposure time of full mortality on pupae at 300 mL/m^3 of phosphine at 18℃ reached 38 d,which was 12 d longer than that of larvae.The order of tolerance of different life stages of C.ferrugineus exposed to 300 mL/m^3 phosphine from high to low was pupae,eggs,adults,larvae at tested temperatures.展开更多
The changes in activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD) and ATPase in the leaves of Euonymus radicans were studied when seedlings were cold-acclimated (at 4 ℃) for 1 week, 2 weeks, 3 weeks and then ...The changes in activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD) and ATPase in the leaves of Euonymus radicans were studied when seedlings were cold-acclimated (at 4 ℃) for 1 week, 2 weeks, 3 weeks and then treated for 1 d under low temperature stress (at 5 ℃). The semi-lethal temperatures of acclimated and unacclimated seedlings were also investigated. The results indicated that the activities of the three enzymes in the leaves of the seedlings treated at 4 ℃ for 1, 2 and 3 weeks were all higher than those of unacclimated seedings (treated at 22 ℃ as controls). The activities of SOD and POD increased continuously with the prolongation of the time of cold acclimation, but stepped up to summits then down to the levels of the controls. The activities of SOD culminated at the first week, and the activities of POD at the second week. When acclimated and unacclimated seedlings were both treated at 5 ℃ for 1 d, the activities of the three enzymes in the leaves of acclimated seedlings were a little lower than those before stress, but higher than those of the controls. Moreover, the decrease rate of enzyme activities was greatly lower than that of the controls. The results showed that cold acclimation could enhance the stability of the three enzymes in the leaves of seedlings under low temperature stress; the semi-lethal temperature was 19.1 ℃ when the seedlings were treated at 4 ℃ for 3 weeks, but it was 5.4 ℃ when the seedlings were treated at 22 ℃. The decline of the semi-lethal temperature caused by the adaptive changes of enzyme activities was one of the foundations of enhancing the cold tolerance.展开更多
为了明确绣球〔Hydrangea macrophylla(Thunb.)Ser.〕品种的耐寒性及筛选耐寒性评价主要指标,对40个绣球品种的低温半致死温度(LT_(50))进行比较和耐寒性分级,在此基础上,对5℃、0℃、-5℃、-10℃、-15℃、-20℃下耐寒品种‘小町’(‘Ko...为了明确绣球〔Hydrangea macrophylla(Thunb.)Ser.〕品种的耐寒性及筛选耐寒性评价主要指标,对40个绣球品种的低温半致死温度(LT_(50))进行比较和耐寒性分级,在此基础上,对5℃、0℃、-5℃、-10℃、-15℃、-20℃下耐寒品种‘小町’(‘Komachi’)、‘佳澄’(‘Kasumi’)、‘无尽夏’(‘Endless Summer’)和不耐寒品种‘甜蜜幻想’(‘Sweet Fantasy’)、‘灵感’(‘Inspiration’)、‘你我的情感’(‘You and Me Feelings’)叶的抗氧化酶活性及丙二醛(MDA)和渗透调节物质含量进行比较,并对这些耐寒指标进行相关性分析和主成分分析。结果表明:供试绣球品种LT 50的波动较大,变化范围为-36.68℃~-1.87℃,其中,‘小町’的LT_(50)最低,‘佳澄’、‘平瓣’(‘Flat’)、‘蒂亚娜’(‘Tijana’)、‘塞尔玛’(‘Selma’)、‘含羞叶’(‘Elbtal’)、‘花手鞠’(‘Stockings’)、‘蓝色多瑙河’(‘Blue Danube’)和‘无尽夏’的LT_(50)均低于-20℃。40个绣球品种的耐寒性被分成不耐寒、较耐寒、耐寒和强耐寒4个等级,分别包含13、18、8和1个品种。6个代表品种的过氧化氢酶(CAT)、多酚氧化酶(PPO)和超氧化物歧化酶活性及MDA、脯氨酸(Pro)、可溶性蛋白质(SP)和可溶性糖含量随温度降低基本呈先升高后降低的变化趋势。相关性分析结果表明PPO活性和Pro含量与LT_(50)呈极显著(P<0.01)负相关。主成分分析结果表明:前4个主成分的累计贡献率为81.212%,说明这4个主成分基本能够反映绣球品种的耐寒性;PPO活性、CAT活性、Pro含量和SP含量的负荷量绝对值分别在第1、第2、第3和第4主成分中最高。研究结果显示:供试绣球品种间的耐寒性差异较大,‘小町’等9个品种的耐寒性较强,能够在冬季温度偏低地区露天栽培,并可作为绣球耐寒品种选育的亲本。PPO活性、CAT活性、Pro含量和SP含量为绣球耐寒性评价的主要指标,尤其是PPO活性和Pro含量。展开更多
基金This work was supported by National Key Research and Development Program of the 13th Five-Year Plan(No.2017YFC1600800).
文摘Knowing the time extension degree of full mortality in phosphine fumigation at low temperature significantly contributes to successful insect pest control,especially for reducing fumigation failure and inhibiting resistance development.The comparison ofmortality and lethal time on eggs,larvae,pupae and adults of Cryptolestes ferrugineus(Stephens)was conducted,and the strain with 1043 times of resistance factor to phosphine was assayed during fumigation with 300 mL/m^3 of phosphine concentration at 18,23 and 28℃.The LT50 values to eggs,larvae,pupae and adults of C.ferrugineus at 18℃ were postponed by 2,2,1 and 5 d comparedwith that at 23℃,and 5,4,5 and 7 d compared with that at 28℃,respectively.The LT99 values to eggs,larvae,pupae and adults at 18℃ were 5,1,2 and 7 d longer than that at 23℃,and 6,5,5 and 10 d longer than that at 28℃,respectively.The lethal time of different life stages of the C.ferrugineus strain significantly increased with temperature decreasing.The exposure time of full mortality on pupae at 300 mL/m^3 of phosphine at 18℃ reached 38 d,which was 12 d longer than that of larvae.The order of tolerance of different life stages of C.ferrugineus exposed to 300 mL/m^3 phosphine from high to low was pupae,eggs,adults,larvae at tested temperatures.
文摘The changes in activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD) and ATPase in the leaves of Euonymus radicans were studied when seedlings were cold-acclimated (at 4 ℃) for 1 week, 2 weeks, 3 weeks and then treated for 1 d under low temperature stress (at 5 ℃). The semi-lethal temperatures of acclimated and unacclimated seedlings were also investigated. The results indicated that the activities of the three enzymes in the leaves of the seedlings treated at 4 ℃ for 1, 2 and 3 weeks were all higher than those of unacclimated seedings (treated at 22 ℃ as controls). The activities of SOD and POD increased continuously with the prolongation of the time of cold acclimation, but stepped up to summits then down to the levels of the controls. The activities of SOD culminated at the first week, and the activities of POD at the second week. When acclimated and unacclimated seedlings were both treated at 5 ℃ for 1 d, the activities of the three enzymes in the leaves of acclimated seedlings were a little lower than those before stress, but higher than those of the controls. Moreover, the decrease rate of enzyme activities was greatly lower than that of the controls. The results showed that cold acclimation could enhance the stability of the three enzymes in the leaves of seedlings under low temperature stress; the semi-lethal temperature was 19.1 ℃ when the seedlings were treated at 4 ℃ for 3 weeks, but it was 5.4 ℃ when the seedlings were treated at 22 ℃. The decline of the semi-lethal temperature caused by the adaptive changes of enzyme activities was one of the foundations of enhancing the cold tolerance.
文摘为了明确绣球〔Hydrangea macrophylla(Thunb.)Ser.〕品种的耐寒性及筛选耐寒性评价主要指标,对40个绣球品种的低温半致死温度(LT_(50))进行比较和耐寒性分级,在此基础上,对5℃、0℃、-5℃、-10℃、-15℃、-20℃下耐寒品种‘小町’(‘Komachi’)、‘佳澄’(‘Kasumi’)、‘无尽夏’(‘Endless Summer’)和不耐寒品种‘甜蜜幻想’(‘Sweet Fantasy’)、‘灵感’(‘Inspiration’)、‘你我的情感’(‘You and Me Feelings’)叶的抗氧化酶活性及丙二醛(MDA)和渗透调节物质含量进行比较,并对这些耐寒指标进行相关性分析和主成分分析。结果表明:供试绣球品种LT 50的波动较大,变化范围为-36.68℃~-1.87℃,其中,‘小町’的LT_(50)最低,‘佳澄’、‘平瓣’(‘Flat’)、‘蒂亚娜’(‘Tijana’)、‘塞尔玛’(‘Selma’)、‘含羞叶’(‘Elbtal’)、‘花手鞠’(‘Stockings’)、‘蓝色多瑙河’(‘Blue Danube’)和‘无尽夏’的LT_(50)均低于-20℃。40个绣球品种的耐寒性被分成不耐寒、较耐寒、耐寒和强耐寒4个等级,分别包含13、18、8和1个品种。6个代表品种的过氧化氢酶(CAT)、多酚氧化酶(PPO)和超氧化物歧化酶活性及MDA、脯氨酸(Pro)、可溶性蛋白质(SP)和可溶性糖含量随温度降低基本呈先升高后降低的变化趋势。相关性分析结果表明PPO活性和Pro含量与LT_(50)呈极显著(P<0.01)负相关。主成分分析结果表明:前4个主成分的累计贡献率为81.212%,说明这4个主成分基本能够反映绣球品种的耐寒性;PPO活性、CAT活性、Pro含量和SP含量的负荷量绝对值分别在第1、第2、第3和第4主成分中最高。研究结果显示:供试绣球品种间的耐寒性差异较大,‘小町’等9个品种的耐寒性较强,能够在冬季温度偏低地区露天栽培,并可作为绣球耐寒品种选育的亲本。PPO活性、CAT活性、Pro含量和SP含量为绣球耐寒性评价的主要指标,尤其是PPO活性和Pro含量。
