Economic Overhaul Mode of Steam Engine Professional Equipment in Thermal Power Plant

To ensure that the daily production activities of thermal power plants can produce their due effect in the production and business activities,it is necessary to carry out efficient and orderly maintenance work on the professional equipment of steam engines.However,the maintenance work of steam engine professional equipment in thermal power plants usually uses high-cost expenditures.Therefore,how to take effective measures to reduce the cost of professional equipment maintenance in thermal power plants has become a problem that needs to be solved before such maintenance can proceed.Among them,through the application of economic maintenance equipment in thermal power plants,the actual production and operation costs can be effectively reduced.Based on this,the author will analyze the application of the model of economic maintenance of steam engine professional equipment in thermal power plants.

Effects of Different Vegetable Planting Modes on Soil Microbial Flora and Enzyme Activity

To investigate the effects of different vegetable growing regions and planting modes on soil quality,soils in high,medium and low altitude areas of Guizhou were respectively sampled under different vegetable efficient planting modes,and the variations of soil microbial flora and enzyme activities were analyzed. The soil microbial count and total bacteria of the vegetable efficient cultivation mode were significantly higher than that of the control （traditional planting mode） in each planting area,and the microbial diversity index was also improved to varying de- grees.The soil phosphatase,catalase and urease activities of the vegetable efficient planting mode were higher than that of the control.The soil catalase and urease activities were higher than that of the control by 1.37-1.44 and 1.51-2.80 times. Application of vegetable efficient planting mode in different regions will help to im- prove the soil quality in a given period.

Effects of Planting Mode on Growth, Yield and Quality of Mini-watermelon under Soilless Cultivation

[Objective]The paper was to screen out planting mode suitable for mini-watermelon in spring greenhouses under soilless cultivation.[Method]The effects of single row planting with one main vine and one lateral vein,double row planting with one main vine and one lateral vein,and double row planting with two lateral veins on the growth period,growth,fruit quality and yield of mini-watermelon were studied.[Result]The planting mode of single row planting with one main vine and one lateral vein was adopted.The earliest date of harvest was May 28;the fruit-setting rate was 106.3%;and the single fruit weight was 1.33 kg.The lowest abnormal fruit rate was 0.73%;the highest yield was 54465.45 kg/hm^2,and the central sugar content was the highest of 12.95%.[Conclusion]Single row planting mode under soilless cultivation has certain demonstration and popularization prospect.

Industrial Poverty Alleviation Model in Deep Poverty-stricken Villages in the Dry-hot Valley of Jinsha River: A Case Study of Poverty Alleviation in the Green Prickleyash Planting Industry in Laopingzi Village,Luquan County

Industrial poverty alleviation is the core of poverty alleviation in rural areas of China,and it is the fundamental way for the rural poor to achieve stable income and poverty alleviation. Laopingzi Village,Jiaopingdu Town,Luquan County,Kunming County,Yunnan Province,located in the dry-hot valley area of Jinsha River,has become a typical deep poverty-stricken village due to its special natural conditions.In recent years,in the battle to win the fight against poverty,the people of Laopingzi Village have achieved a virtuous cycle of the ecological environment and an access to get rid of poverty and get rich through vigorously developing green prickleyash planting industry. By the end of 2018,the incidence of poverty in Laopingzi Village Committee dropped from 45. 62% in 2014 to 1. 11%,and the green prickleyash planting industry had achieved remarkable results in poverty alleviation. This article summarizes the specific practices of developing the green prickleyash planting industry in the village,analyzes the main results and successful experiences of the mode and discusses the inspiration of the implementation of green prickleyash cultivation on industrial poverty alleviation,so as to provide an effective practical example for the development and poverty alleviation of poverty-stricken areas.

Increasing the Efficiency and Level of Environmental Safety of Pro-Environmental City Heat Supply Technologies by Low Power Nuclear Plants

In connection with the current prospect of decarbonization of coal energy through the use of small nuclear power plants (SNPPs) at existing TPPs as heat sources for heat supply to municipal heating networks, there is a technological need to improve heat supply schemes to increase their environmental friendliness and efficiency. The paper proves the feasibility of using the heat-feeding mode of ASHPs for urban heat supply by heating the network water with steam taken from the turbine. The ratio of electric and thermal power of a “nuclear” combined heat and power plant is given. The advantage of using a heat pump, which provides twice as much electrical power with the same heat output, is established. Taking into account that heat in these modes is supplied with different potential, the energy efficiency was used to compare these options. To increase the heat supply capacity, a scheme with the use of a high-pressure heater in the backpressure mode and with the heating of network water with hot steam was proposed. Heat supply from ASHPs is efficient and environmentally friendly even in the case of significant remoteness of heat consumers.

Poverty Alleviation Mode by Developing Sorghum Planting Industry in Dry-hot Valley Areas of Jinsha River in China:Taking Luquan Yi and Miao Autonomous County of Yunnan Province as an Example

There are many state-level poverty-stricken counties in the dry-hot valley areas of Jinsha River in China,with a wide range of poverty and extreme degree of poverty.The industry-supporting poverty alleviation ranks first in the"five batches"of China's targeted poverty alleviation strategy.The practice of planting in Luquan County since 2017 shows that the valleys and slopes on the dry-hot valley areas of Jinsha River with an altitude above 1800 m have wide land suitable for sorghum planting,and suitable for introduction and planting.In recent years,the county has adopted the mode of enterprise+government+cooperative+poor household,introduced the Langzhitang wine factory,developed sorghum planting with large-scale,industrialized and specialized features to achieve stable income growth for the poor,and significant results have been achieved.Based on many field surveys,household surveys,and interviews with county and village leaders,this paper analyzes the specific practices and main effects of the county's poverty alleviation model by developing sorghum planting industry,aiming to provide necessary reference for the targeted poverty alleviation and poverty alleviation in similar areas of Yunnan Province and other provinces.

Research on Construction Mode and Plant Selection of Linpan in Chengdu Plain

On the basis of investigation and analysis of Linpan in Chengdu Plain,in view of the ongoing reconstruction engineering of residential styles in Chengdu Plain,construction mode of Linpan in Chengdu Plain at new period had been proposed and plants had been selected in accordance with the function features of different modes. The initial study result was of certain instructive significance to the protection and development of Linpan in Chengdu Plain to some extent.

Real-Time Information System of Power Plant Based on B/S Computing Mode

This paper introduces the system structure and work principle of the upgraded real time information system in Wangting Power Plant, and then expounds the realization way and function features of this system on B/S computing mode. The results of field application show the new system has good capability, reliability and expandability.

High-efficiency Planting Techniques of Five Crops a Year for Fresh Edible "Faba Bean/Spring Mazie+Soybean-Autumn Maize/Autumn Soybean"

The high-efficiency planting mode for five crops a year of fresh edible ＂faba bean/spring maize＋soybean-autumn maize/autumn soybean＂ was introduced, and its yield and economic benefits were compared with the planting mode of three crops a year of ＂faba bean-spring maize/red bean＂. The results showed that the planting method for fresh edible ＂faba bean/spring maize＋soybean-autumn maize/autumn soybean＂ was much easier to operate with the input-output ratio of about185.6%, and its yield and economic benefits were 2.09 and 1.83 times of that of the planting mode for three crops a year, significantly improving the agricultural yield and income of farmers. In addition, the cropping index of the planting mode for fresh edible fresh edible ＂faba bean/spring maize ＋soybean-autumn maize/autumn soybean＂ reached up to 350%, and planting faba bean once a year and soybean twice a year could make the biological fixation amount of nitrogen increase 350-450kg/m^2, which equaled to up to 700 kg/m^2 of urea, showing significant ecological and social benefits. Based on the comparison results, the high-yield culture techniques of the planting mode of fresh edible ＂faba bean/spring maize＋soybean-autumn maize/autumn soybean＂ were summarized.

Study on integrated development and hybrid operation mode of nuclear power plant and pumped-storage power station

The nuclear power plant is suitable for base-load operation, while the pumped-storage unit mainly gives play to capacity benefit in the electric power system;hence, the integrated development and hybrid operation mode of the two can better meet the needs of the electric power system. This article first presents an analysis of the necessity and superiority of such mode, then explains its meaning and analyzes the working routes. Finally, it proposes the business modes as follows: low price pumping water electricity plus nuclear power in the near term;nuclear power shifted to pumped storage power participating in market competition in the middle term;and, in the long term, nuclear power shifted to pumped storage power as primary and serving as an electric power system when needed.

Sliding Mode Predictive Control of Main Steam Pressure in Coal-fired Power Plant Boiler

Since the combustion system of coal-fired boiler in thermal power plant is characterized as time varying, strongly coupled, and nonlinear, it is hard to achieve a satisfactory performance by the conventional proportional integral derivative (PID) control scheme. For the characteristics of the main steam pressure in coal-fired power plant boiler, the sliding mode control system with Smith predictive structure is proposed to look for performance and robustness improvement. First, internal model control (IMC) and Smith predictor (SP) is used to deal with the time delay, and sliding mode controller (SMCr) is designed to overcome the model mismatch. Simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed controller compared with conventional ones.

Nitrogen management improves lodging resistance and production in maize(Zea mays L.)at a high plant density

Lodging in maize leads to yield losses worldwide.In this study,we determined the effects of traditional and optimized nitrogen management strategies on culm morphological characteristics,culm mechanical strength,lignin content,root growth,lodging percentage and production in maize at a high plant density.We compared a traditional nitrogen(N)application rate of 300 kg ha–1(R)and an optimized N application rate of 225 kg ha^(–1)(O)under four N application modes:50%of N applied at sowing and 50%at the 10th-leaf stage(N1);100%of N applied at sowing(N2);40%of N applied at sowing,40%at the 10th-leaf stage and 20%at tasseling stage(N3);and 30%of N applied at sowing,30%at the 10th-leaf stage,20%at the tasseling stage,and 20%at the silking stage(N4).The optimized N rate(225 kg ha^(–1))significantly reduced internode lengths,plant height,ear height,center of gravity height and lodging percentage.The optimized N rate significantly increased internode diameters,filling degrees,culm mechanical strength,root growth and lignin content.The application of N in four split doses(N4)significantly improved culm morphological characteristics,culm mechanical strength,lignin content,and root growth,while it reduced internode lengths,plant height,ear height,center of gravity height and lodging percentage.Internode diameters,filling degrees,culm mechanical strength,lignin content,number and diameter of brace roots,root volume,root dry weight,bleeding safe and grain yield were significantly negatively correlated with plant height,ear height,center of gravity height,internode lengths and lodging percentage.In conclusion,treatment ON4 significantly reduced the lodging percentage by improving the culm morphological characteristics,culm mechanical strength,lignin content,and root growth,so it improved the production of the maize crop at a high plant density.

Discussion on the Informative Teaching Mode of the Elective Course of Packaging Design for Medical Plant Products

This article believes that in the context of the"Made in China 2025"development strategy,the teaching of the elective course of Packaging Design for Medicinal Plant Products is facing reform.It proposes to conduct research in five aspects:students'survey,classroom teaching reform,practical teaching reform,application of information technology and evaluation of teaching reform effects.Questionnaire survey,case analysis,group discussion and student test are used to discuss the informative teaching model,aiming to train application-oriented information-oriented professional senior talents in the direction of medicinal plant product packaging design.

The study of the teaching mode and method of plant biology

As the specialized basic course of biological engineering, the plant biology has played a decisive role in determining the professional expertise and theoretical knowledge of students, which has also raised a higher requirement for the teaching method and mode. Based on the actual condition of course teaching of plant biology, this paper has made an analysis on the content and shortcoming of the existing mode and method as well as come up with some feasible advices about how to arouse the learning interest within the student, integrate the teaching with the practice as well as adjust the teaching sequence accordingly.

不同水稻种植模式下淹水及排干期土壤性质和微生物的变化

为揭示不同水稻种植模式、不同水分管理时期对稻田土壤性质和微生物的作用效应,利用长期定位监测试验比较分析单季稻不施肥、单季稻单施化肥、烟稻轮作3种种植模式和淹水期、排干期2种水分管理条件下稻田土壤理化性质和微生物群落结构的变化。结果表明:烟稻轮作模式稻田土壤有机质、全氮质量分数分别比单季稻模式提高了32.88%~34.79%和38.22%~44.39%。淹水期稻田土壤可溶性总氮以可溶性有机氮为主,占56.06%~62.54%;排干期以硝态氮为主,占62.34%~74.05%。烟稻轮作模式可显著提高淹水和排干条件下稻田土壤中可溶性有机氮和铵态氮质量分数,但对硝态氮质量分数的影响不明显。相较单季稻处理,烟稻轮作模式提高了稻田细菌Sobs、Shannon和Ace指数。好氧或兼性厌氧的酸杆菌属、黄色杆菌属均是3种水稻种植模式的优势菌属。3种种植模式淹水条件下稻田脱硫弧菌属、互营杆菌属等硫酸盐还原菌类存在显著差异,排干条件下硝化螺旋菌属也存在显著差异。淹水条件下烟稻轮作模式稻田土壤甲烷氧化菌相关的甲烷氧化单加氧酶基因α-亚基(pomA)的绝对丰度比单季稻处理降低了18.45%~18.54%。可见,水稻种植的淹水期和排干期的土壤可溶性氮组成和细菌群落结构存在显著差异;而烟稻轮作模式较单季稻模式可提高土壤肥力,改善微生物群落结构,增加硫酸盐还原菌类细菌丰度,降低产甲烷菌相关的甲基辅酶M还原酶基因丰度。

基于“雨课堂”的植物生理学混合式教学设计与探索

随着多媒体工具和网络覆盖普及,基于互联网的在线教育愈加便捷,但其优势并未在高校的课程教学中得到体现和充分应用。该文针对植物生理学的学科特点和教学现状,充分利用线上教学资源,针对性地选择教学内容和方法,以学生为主体、教师为主导,基于“雨课堂”等教学平台进行线上线下混合式教学模式初探,以期利用有限的学时和丰富的线上教学资源,整合线上和线下教学的优势,通过有效的管理方式组织实施,为深化信息化教学改革、提高植物生理学的教学效果奠定基础。

水稻种植模式与秸秆还田方式对土壤养分的影响

为探明水稻不同种植模式与还田方式下土壤养分含量的变化。以辽星21号为试验材料,在大田条件下,比较移栽与直播种植2种模式下秸秆还田、炭化还田和不还田3种方式土壤中有机碳、速效氮、速效磷、速效钾、全氮、全磷、全钾含量的差异。研究结果表明,直播种植模式较移栽方式土壤速效磷含量、速效钾含量和全磷含量增加0.9%、5.4%和7.1%,生物炭还田较不还田处理分别显著增加土壤有机碳含量、速效钾含量、全氮含量和全磷含量9.6%、20.1%、5.3%和8.1%。因此,直播种植结合生物炭还田可作为提高农田肥力、改善土壤养分的一项促进北方寒地稻田资源再利用有效措施。

含混合式抽蓄的梯级水电站短期临界调峰模式

利用梯级水库电站建设混合式抽蓄电站,在提高新型电力系统清洁灵活性调峰能力的同时,也使得原梯级电站的运行方式变得更为复杂,亟需开展梯级电站与混合式抽蓄电站的联合调度模式研究。本文首先剖析了混合式抽蓄电站与梯级水电站日内联合调峰运行特点,建立了短期含混合式抽蓄的梯级水电站调峰优化模型;其次,发现了日内联合调峰的临界特性,并从临界调峰方式、临界调峰流量、临界调峰能力三方面定量刻画了该临界调峰特性,推导了梯级水电站临界调峰流量、混合式抽蓄电站临界抽发流量等计算公式,提出了混合式抽蓄电站与梯级水电站的临界调峰模式;最后,将上述理论成果应用至依托安康与旬阳梯级水库修建的安康混合式抽蓄电站。结果表明:安康水电站额定水头下临界调峰流量为892 m^(3)/s,小于892 m^(3)/s时,抽蓄电站日内满抽满发,以最大化调峰方式运行;大于892 m^(3)/s后,混合式抽蓄电站可转为与常规水电站同抽同发运行模式以及部分抽蓄机组转常规水电站机组运行模式等;长系列计算结果表明,与常规水电站同抽同发运行模式提高了抽蓄电站运行小时数,但降低了联合调度主体调峰能力,部分抽蓄机组转常规水电站机组运行模式耗用了安康水电站的可用发电水量,但提高了联合调度主体调峰能力,实际调度过程中应根据电网运行情况、电站运营主体等灵活选择抽蓄电站运行模式。

八种植物提取物对MODE-K细胞抗氧化能力的影响

该试验旨在评价基于脂多糖(LPS)诱导MODE-K细胞氧化应激模型评价8种植物提取物的抗氧化能力。采用CCK8法检测细胞存活率筛选建模条件。用ELISA法检测细胞炎性因子白介素6(IL-6)、活性氧(ROS)水平、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性,丙二醛(MDA)和还原型辅酶Ⅰ(NADH)的表达量,用qPCR法检测细胞中HO-1 mRNA的表达量。结果显示:与对照组相比,40μg/mL的LPS处理细胞1 h后极显著降低细胞活率(P<0.01);显著提高IL-6、ROS、LDH、MDA表达量(P<0.05),极显著提高HO-1 mRNA的表达(P<0.01),显著降低SOD(P<0.01)与NADH活性(P<0.05);与模型组相比,紫苏籽与虎杖提取物组的MDA表达量均显著降低(P<0.05),NADH与HO-1 mRNA表达量均显著升高(P<0.05),其余6种提取物并未表现出显著差异。综上,8种植物提取物中,紫苏籽与虎杖提取物(20μg/mL)使MODE-K细胞抗氧化作用提升,且紫苏籽效果优于虎杖。

中药材种业创新与金融投资——中药材种业发展基金的设立与思考

中药材种业是我国中医药现代化的基础性核心产业之一,具有产业规模小、行业效益较低、公益性强等特殊的行业属性。近10年来,中药材种业在品种选育、标准制定、合规企业建设等方面均取得显著成果,初步形成了中药材商品种子,但其产业发展水平仍落后于农作物种业30年以上。目前,我国以银行为主的金融体系难以为种业创新提供金融支持,为了加快推进中药材种业创新发展,推动解决其结构分散、市场集中度低、创新能力不足等问题,提出参考现代种业发展基金的模式设立中药材种业发展投资基金,以期发挥政策性基金的优势,重构我国中药材种业金融创新体系,赋能中药材种业发展。