Haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation as promising therapy in the improved survival of pediatric patients with leukemias and myelodysplasias

BACKGROUND Haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation(Haplo-HSCT)is often performed in children with hematologic malignancies.Faced with the gap in the literature regarding the approach to experiences related to Haplo-HSCT with pediatric patients with leukemias and myelodysplasias aged up to 18 years,there was an interest in exploring the clinical outcomes of patients undergoing this treatment.AIM To identify and summarize the scientific contributions available on Haplo-HSCT performed in the last 10 years in children and adolescents with myeloid and lymphoid leukemias and myelodysplasias,aged up to 18 years.METHODS This is a descriptive systematic review.We extracted data including characteristics of participants,health condition,characteristics of the donation,conditioning regimen,recurrent clinical complications and clinical outcomes.The Virtual Health Library Brazil,PubMed,EMBASE,and SciELO platforms were used,finding a total of 1052 studies.After the eligibility criteria and complete reading of the texts,18 articles were included for analysis.RESULTS The total sample of all study cohorts was 1825 patients,mostly male,the highest reported median age was 15.0 years and the lowest was 1.2 years.Acute graftversus-host disease and chronic graft-versus-host disease were observed in almost all studies.Relapse,graft rejection and delayed immune recovery were identified as major clinical challenges.Pre-transplant minimal positive residual disease was identified in 288 patients.Infections are also among the main clinical complications,viral,bacterial and fungal infections being reported.It is observed that in the 5-year interval,the lowest rates of EFS and overall survival(OS)were 29.5%and 68.0%,respectively.While,the highest rates of EFS and OS,in the same interval,were 80.1%and 81.0%.CONCLUSION Haplo-HSCT represents a promising therapy,considering the potential number of possible donors and the conditioning and treatment platforms that can be offered.The results obtained show that this type of transplant has a strong antileukemic effect,with generally favorable OS rates.Overcoming relapse as the first cause of transplant failure is the great clinical challenge.

Hematopoiesis reconstitution and anti-tumor effectiveness of Pai-Neng-Da capsule in acute leukemia patients with haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation

BACKGROUND With the rapid development of haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation(haplo-HSCT),primary poor graft function(PGF)has become a lifethreatening complication.Effective therapies for PGF are inconclusive.New Chinese patent medicine Pai-Neng-Da(PND)Capsule exerts dual effect in promoting hematopoiesis recovery and regulating immunity.Still,the application of PND capsule in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation,especially in the haplo-HSCT setting,has not yet been reported.AIM To evaluate the role of PND capsule in acute leukemia patients with haplo-HSCT.METHODS We retrospectively collected data of acute leukemia patients who underwent haplo-HSCT at the Affiliated People’s Hospital of Ningbo University between April 1,2015 and June 30,2020.Twenty-nine consecutive patients received oral PND capsule from the sixth day to the first month after haplo-HSCT were included in the PND group.In addition,31 patients who did not receive PND capsule during haplo-HSCT were included in the non-PND group.Subsequently,we compared the therapeutic efficacy according to the western medical evaluation indexes and Chinese medical symptom scores,and the survival between the PND group and the non-PND group,using the chi-square test,Fisher’s exact test,and the Kaplan-Meier method.RESULTS The duration of platelet engraftment was shorter in the PND group than in the non-PND group(P=0.039).The PND group received a lower frequency of red blood cells and platelet transfusions than the non-PND group(P=0.033 and P=0.035,respectively).In addition,PND capsule marginally reduced the rate of PGF(P=0.027)and relapse(P=0.043).After 33(range,4-106)months of follow-up,the 3-year relapse-free survival(P=0.046)and progression-free survival(P=0.049)were improved in the PND group than in the non-PND group.Also,the therapeutic efficacy of the PND group according to Chinese medical symptom scores was significantly better than that of the non-PND group(P=0.022).Moreover,the adverse events caused by PND capsule were mild.Nevertheless,there were no significant differences in the duration of neutrophil engraftment,the risk of infection within 100 days after haplo-HSCT,the acute graft-versus-host disease,or the 3-year overall survival between the two groups.CONCLUSION PND capsule could promote hematopoiesis reconstitution,improve the therapeutic efficacy of Chinese medical symptom scores,present anti-tumor effectiveness,and prolong the survival of acute leukemia patients with haplo-HSCT.

Haploidentical stem cell transplantation used in treating primary plasma cell leukemia: a case report

Here we report a successful protocol in treatment of a patient with primary plasma cell leukemia (PPCL) using haploidentical stem cell transplantation (hi-HSCT). During first complete remission after routine chemotherapy, the patient received autologous blood stem cell transplantation, but he had relapse later. He gained a second CR after chemotherapy and underwent hi-HSCT from his daughter, who had HLA mismatched at three loci. Recovery of hemopoiesis was found at day 14 and complete donor chimerism was confirmed by PCR-STR on day 34, 95 and 238. The patients have survived disease-free for 56 months since hi-HSCT, without serious graft-versus-host-disease.

Haploidentical Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation for Thymoma-associated Severe Aplastic Anemia: a Case Report

THYMOMA,a relatively rare epithelial neoplasm with unique clinical and pathologic features,is the most usual diagnosis for a mass located in the mediastinum.It is often associated with autoimmune disorders.The myasthenia gravis and pure red cell aplasia are the most common disorders,with the incidences of 40%and 5%,respectively,while the incidence of aplastic anemia is only about 0-1.4%.1Thymectomy is hard to perform on patients with severe aplastic anemia

Efficacy of rituximab-containing regimens on post-transplantation lymphoproliferative disorder following haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation:a report of 3 cases

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of rituximab-containing regimens on post - transplantation lympho-proliferative disorder ( PTLD ) following haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation ( HSCT) . Methods The clinical data of 3 cases of PTLD after haploidentical HSCT were analyzed retrospectively. Time

Haploidentical hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation for acute myeloid leukemia in first relapse after complete remission by standard induction chemotherapy

Objective To investigate the therapeutic effects of haploidentical hematopoietic stem - cell transplantation ( Haplo - PBSCT) for acute myeloid leukemia in first relapse after complete remission by standard induction chemotherapy. Methods Eighty - nine cases of AML in first relapse after complete remission by standard DA

Efficacy and safety of autologous stem cell transplantation for decompensated liver cirrhosis:A retrospective cohort study

AIM To evaluate the long-term efficacy and safety of autologous stem cell transplantation(SCT) for decompensated liver cirrhosis.METHODS Consecutive patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis were included and assigned into the SCT group and non-transplantation(non-SCT) group according to whether they received SCT treatment. Patients werefollowed up for ten years. The long-term survival rate and incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) were compared between groups.

Overview of the progress on haploidentical hematopoietic transplantation

Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant(HSCT) remains the only potentially curative option for variety of hematologic disorders. Lack of a suitable fully HLAmatched donor limits this option for many patients. Without a suitable related or unrelated HLA-matched donor,umbilical cord blood and haploidentical family members provide a potential source of stem cells. Timely donor availability makes haploidentical donors an attractive alternative donor source. Initial attempts at haploidentical HSCT was associated with significantly increased mortality owing to high rates of graft rejection and severe graftversus-host disease caused by major donor-recipient HLAdisparity. However, over the past decade, outcomes of haploidentical HSCT have improved significantly. Here, we review the advantages and challenges of haploidentical transplantation. We also discuss new developments to attempt to overcome the challenges to a successful haploidentical transplantation.

Disease Risk Comorbidity Index for Patients Receiving Haploidentical Allogeneic Hematopoietic Transplantation

We aimed to develop a disease risk comorbidity index(DRCI)based on disease risk index(DRI)and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation-Specific Comorbidity Index(HCT-CI)in patients receiving haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation(haplo-HSCT).We identified the prognostic factors of disease-free survival(DFS)in a training subset(n=593),then assigned a weighted score using these factors to the remaining patients(validation subset;n=296).The multivariable model identified two independent predictors of DFS:DRI and HCT-CI before transplantation.In this scoring system,we assigned a weighted score of 2 to very high-risk DRI,and assigned a weighted score of 1 to high-risk DRI and intermediate-and high-risk HCT-CI(i.e.,haplo-DRCI).In the validation cohort,the three-year DFS rate was 65.2%(95%confidence interval(CI),58.2%–72.2%),55.8%(95%CI,44.9%–66.7%),and 32.0%(95%CI,5.8%–58.2%)for the low-,intermediate-,and high-risk group,respectively(P=0.005).Haplo-DRCI can also predict DFS in disease-specific subgroups,particularly in acute leukemia patients.Increasing score was also significantly predictive of increased relapse,increased non-relapse mortality(NRM),decreased DFS,and decreased overall survival(OS)in an independent historical cohort(n=526).These data confirmed that haplo-DRCI could effectively risk stratify haplo-HSCT recipients and provide a tool to better predict who will best benefit from haplo-HSCT.

急性粒-单核细胞白血病患者造血干细胞移植后微血栓形成凝血指标监测及治疗1例报告

本文报道1例急性粒-单核细胞白血病(急性髓系白血病M4型)(CBFB基因阳性)患者,经亲缘半相合造血干细胞移植后并发下肢微血栓形成,并总结其诊治经验。该患者经常规化疗后获完全缓解,但又于2年后复发,遂予行亲缘半相合造血干细胞移植。在患者接受移植后的常规治疗期间,动态观察其凝血相关指标[包括D-二聚体(D-dimer, D-D)、抗凝血酶Ⅲ(antithrombinⅢ,AT-Ⅲ)、血管性血友病因子(von Willebrand factor, vWF)、纤维蛋白原降解产物(fibrinogen degradation products, FDP)、纤维蛋白单体(fibrin monomer, FM)]。在移植后100 d左右,患者出现黄疸及转氨酶升高,采用经右下肢股静脉置管行血浆置换治疗3次。在去除静脉置管1周后,患者出现左踝部指凹性水肿,血管B超检查提示其左下肢腓肠肌浅静脉丛有微血栓形成;凝血指标检测显示,D-D、vWF、FDP、FM等指标升高,AT-Ⅲ水平降低。予口服拜瑞妥5 mg/d抗栓治疗2周后,患者上述凝血指标渐趋正常,左下肢肌间静脉丛血栓和肢肿消失。在造血干细胞移植后,除密切检查血管B超,动态监测D-D、AT-Ⅲ、vWF、FDP、FM等凝血指标可预测移植相关微血栓和高凝状态,并为临床开展有效抗的凝治疗提供实验依据。

供者特异性HLA抗体及去敏治疗对单倍体造血干细胞移植植入效果的影响

目的 分析供者特异性HLA抗体(anti-HLA donor-specific antibodies, DSA)及DSA阳性患者的去敏治疗对单倍体造血干细胞移植(haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, haplo-HSCT)植入效果的影响。方法 收集2017年3月至2023年7月重庆医科大学附属第二医院血液内科行haplo-HSCT,并完成HLA抗体及DSA检测的患者70例,分析DSA阳性和DSA阳性患者去敏治疗对造血干细胞移植植入效果的影响。结果 70例haplo-HSCT患者完成抗体检测,DSA阳性患者15例(21.4%),其中7例(46.7%)强阳性,3例(20.0%)中度阳性,5例(33.3%)弱阳性。DSA阳性患者移植后粒系植入中位时间较DSA阴性患者明显延迟(P=0.027)。植入失败(graft failure, GF)患者6例,DSA阳性4例(26.7%),明显高于DSA阴性(P=0.025)。多因素分析结果显示,DSA是发生GF的独立影响因素(HR=9.273, 95%CI=1.505~57.124,P=0.016)。10例DSA中度和强阳性患者进行去敏治疗,4例采用联合去敏治疗,患者均成功植入(100.0%),6例采用单一去敏治疗,有4例(66.7%)发生GF,联合去敏治疗的GF发生率显著低于单一去敏治疗(P=0.008)。结论 DSA是导致haplo-HSCT患者植入延迟和GF的重要因素,对DSA中度及强阳性患者的单一去敏治疗效果有限,而多联合的去敏治疗时,动态监测抗体滴度水平下降,可保证干细胞的成功植入,降低GF发生。

CD34^(+)细胞数对单倍体造血干细胞移植治疗恶性血液病的影响

背景:单倍体造血干细胞移植与较高的植入功能不良相关,因此经常要求更高的CD34^(+)细胞数量,但现有研究关于异基因造血干细胞移植CD34+细胞剂量和研究终点关系的结论是有争议的。目的:探究CD34^(+)细胞数对单倍体造血干细胞移植治疗恶性血液疾病临床结果的影响。方法:纳入2019年1月至2021年12月期间于郑州大学第一附属医院造血干细胞移植中心行单倍体造血干细胞移植的恶性血液病患者,总计135例。结合既往研究结果及移植中心经验,以CD34+细胞数5.0×10^(6)/kg为截止点,将队列分为2组。评估两组的移植物植入情况、复发率及非复发死亡率、总生存期和无进展生存期等相关临床指标。结果与结论:①CD34+细胞剂量与血小板的植入相关,高剂量组血小板的植入时间早于低剂量组(14 d vs.16 d,P=0.013)。②两组患者3年总生存期无显著差异(67.5%vs.53.8%,P=0.257);两组间的无进展生存期也无显著性差异(65.6%vs.44.2%,P=0.106),但根据疾病风险指数(DRI)进行分层分析后发现低危患者高剂量组的3年无进展生存期较低剂量组升高(72.0%vs.49.3%,P=0.036)。③高剂量组3年累积复发率小于低剂量组(16.0%vs.33.5%,P=0.05)。④两组100 d内非复发死亡率高剂量组大于低剂量组,但无显著差异(17.3%vs.6.7%,P=0.070);进行分层分析发现,高危患者中高剂量组100 d内非复发死亡率明显高于低剂量组(20.0%vs.3.3%,P=0.046)。⑤综上所述,输注>5.0×10^(6)/kg的CD34^(+)细胞可促进血小板早期植入,可改善移植中低危风险患者的3年无进展生存期,并且降低移植后累积复发率;但在高危患者中,高剂量CD34+细胞导致移植后100 d内的非复发死亡率增高,考虑可能与移植后早期重度急性移植物抗宿主病的发生增多相关,因此考虑对回输高剂量CD34+细胞的患者应加强移植物抗宿主病的监测。

单倍体供者与HLA相合供者HSCT治疗儿童MDS的疗效和安全性对比

目的评价单倍体供者移植作为替代方案用于异基因造血干细胞移植(allo-HSCT)治疗儿童骨髓增生异常综合征(MDS)的疗效及安全性。方法对2013年4月1日—2022年8月30日至苏州大学附属儿童医院接受allo-HSCT的22例儿童进展型MDS进行回顾性分析,其中全相合移植6例,单倍体移植16例。结果22例患儿均实现中性粒细胞植入,全相合组和单倍体组中性粒细胞植入中位时间分别为移植后11(10~12)天和11(9~17)天,血小板植入中位时间分别为移植后11(8~16)天和12(7~28)天。两组aGVHD的发生率分别为50%和100%(P=0.013),Ⅱ~Ⅳ度aGVHD发生率分别为0%和81%(P=0.001),aGVHD发生时间、Ⅲ~Ⅳ度aGVHD、cGVHD、广泛型cGVHD发生率无统计学意义。单倍体组移植后围植入综合征发生率为81%,显著高于全相合组的17%(P=0.011)。全相合组和单倍体组在CMV血症、EBV血症、出血性膀胱炎、肺部感染及神经系统并发症发生率上差异无统计学意义。至随访截止日期,全相合组中位随访时间为20.82(8.00~68.00)个月,单倍体组中位随访时间为21.38(2.77~69.77)个月,两组5年总体生存率分别为100%和(72.7±17.7)%,两组差异无统计学意义。结论单倍体移植与同胞全相合移植后细胞植入、严重的移植相关并发症发生率、免疫重建及长期存活率无明显差异,因此,对于无全相合供者的儿童MDS患者,单倍体供体移植可作为合适的替代方案。

Haplo-cord后置模式造血干细胞移植治疗儿童重型再生障碍性贫血的临床分析

目的比较是否辅助第三方脐带血在单倍体造血干细胞移植治疗儿童重型再生障碍性贫血的疗效差异。方法回顾性分析2017年5月至2023年2月上海市儿童医院明确诊断为重型或极重型再生障碍性贫血并接受单倍体造血干细胞移植的38例患儿的临床资料。其中21例患儿接受单倍体造血干细胞联合第三方脐血移植(Haplo-cord HSCT),17例接受单倍体造血干细胞移植(Haplo-HSCT)。均采用清髓性预处理方案:氟达拉滨(Flu)/白消安(Bu)/环磷酰胺(Cy)+兔抗人胸腺细胞球蛋白(rabbit anti-human hymocyte globulin,r-ATG)。结果Haplo-cord组21例患儿均获得造血重建,其中2例发生继发性植入失败。Haplo组中1例患儿原发性植入失败,1例继发性植入失败。Haplo-cord组和Haplo组中性粒细胞植入中位时间分别为12(10,19)和11(10,16)d(P=0.630),血小板植入中位时间为16(12,32)和16(13,24)d(P=0.461)。Haplo-cord组和Haplo组Ⅱ-Ⅳ度急性移植物抗宿主病(acute graft-versus-host disease,aGVHD)、Ⅲ-Ⅳ度aGVHD、慢性移植物抗宿主病(chronic graft-versus-host disease,cGVHD)的累积发生率分别为[(23.8±9.3)%比(25±10.8)%,P=0.770]、[(9.5±6.4)%比(18.7±9.8)%,P=0.374]、[(14.3±7.6)%比(33±12.2)%,P=0.226]。两组患儿3年总体生存率(overall survival,OS)、无失败生存率(failure free survival,FFS)、无GVHD/无失败生存率(GVHD-free and failure-free survival,GFFS)分别为[(95.2±4.6)%比(85.6±9.7)%,P=0.405]、[(83.5±8.9)%比(82.4±9.2)%,P=0.642]、[(81±8.6)%比(52.9±12.1)%,P=0.046]。基于短串联重复序列多态性的STR-PCR嵌合检测提示移植后获得造血重建的患儿均为完全单倍体供者嵌合。我们发现Haplo-cord后置模式治疗儿童重型再生障碍性贫血可获得更高的GFFS。结论单倍体造血干细胞移植在治疗儿童重型再生障碍性贫血方面植入率高,疗效确切,辅助输注脐血可能提高移植的总体疗效。

自体骨髓移植联合MHC单倍体相合淋巴细胞治疗急性髓性白血病的临床疗效

目的:自体骨髓移植联合MHC单倍体相合淋巴细胞治疗急性髓性白血病的治疗效果和安全性。方法:以40例急性髓性白血病患者作为研究对象,随机分为两组各20例,研究组患者使用自体骨髓移植联合MHC单倍体相合淋巴细胞进行治疗,对照组单用自体骨髓移植进行治疗。结果:两组患者的造血系统都得到重建,重建时间以及并发症的发生均没有显著差异。而研究组患者复发率显著降低,且复发时间明显地长于对照组患者。研究组患者3年累积无病生存率明显地高于对照组患者,且差异具有统计学意义。结论:自体骨髓移植联合MHC单倍体相合淋巴细胞治疗能够有效控制急性髓性白血病病情,降低其复发,延长患者生存期。

单倍体造血干细胞联合脐血双移植治疗儿童再生障碍性贫血的临床观察

目的:探索单倍体造血干细胞移植联合脐血输注治疗儿童再生障碍性贫血的疗效及安全性。方法:纳入河南中医药大学人民医院2021年1月1日至2023年9月15日接受脐血联合单倍体造血干细胞移植治疗的9例再生障碍性贫血患儿,中位年龄为11(2-13)岁,中位随访18(7.5-21)个月,回顾性分析其临床资料,对植入情况、GVHD发生率、感染等并发症及生存进行分析。结果:9例患儿全部成功植入。中性粒细胞和血小板植入中位时间分别为11.11±1.27 d、12.44±3.36 d。1例发生Ⅰ度急性消化道移植物抗宿主病,治疗后好转,后期该例患者发生浅表性胃炎及慢性消化道移植物抗宿主病,目前临床随访中。无一例患儿发生Ⅱ-Ⅳ度急性移植物抗宿主病。出血性膀胱炎3例,CMV感染5例,细菌及真菌感染5例,经对症治疗后好转。9例患儿移植后1个月内均表现为完全供者嵌合,随访两年,9名患儿全部生存,未出现复发或发生Ⅱ-Ⅳ度移植物抗宿主病,无移植相关死亡患儿。结论:单倍体造血干细胞移植联合脐血输注治疗儿童再生障碍性贫血时GVHD发生率低,程度轻,疗效显著,可以作为无HLA全相合配型患儿的一种治疗方案。

脐带间充质干细胞替代供者骨髓细胞在单倍体相合造血干细胞移植中的作用

背景:HLA单倍体相合异基因造血干细胞移植为高危恶性血液病患者提供了生存的机会。近年来,对单倍体相合移植的移植模式及移植物选择的探究仍在进行。目前国内逐渐流行以北京大学血液病研究中心建立的非体外去除T细胞骨髓和外周血干细胞混合移植模式,但此模式需采集供者骨髓液而增加了供者的痛苦和风险。目的:探讨脐带间充质干细胞替代供者骨髓细胞联合单倍体相合外周血造血干细胞移植治疗恶性血液病的疗效。方法:入组2019年1月至2022年5月接受单倍体相合造血干细胞移植的恶性血液病患者50例,按2∶3比例随机分配到2个研究组,其中脐带间充质干细胞+外周血干细胞移植的受者19例,骨髓细胞+外周血干细胞移植的受者31例。该研究经河南省人民医院伦理委员会审批。脐带间充质干细胞的受者于移植当天,首先输注1份第三方脐带间充质干细胞(1×106/kg),6 h后输注外周血造血干细胞。骨髓细胞的受者于移植+1 d输注供者骨髓细胞,于+2 d输注外周血干细胞。移植后所有受者均采用兔抗人胸腺细胞免疫球蛋白+环孢素A+吗替麦考酚酯+短疗程甲氨喋呤预防移植物抗宿主病。结果与结论:脐带间充质干细胞回输无不良事件发生,脐带间充质干细胞组和骨髓组的植入成功率分别为100%(19/19)和96.8%(30/31),差异无显著性意义(P>0.05);两组的粒系植入中位时间分别为14 d和15 d,差异无显著性意义(P>0.05);两组的血小板植入中位时间分别为20 d和19 d,差异无显著性意义(P>0.05);两组Ⅱ-Ⅳ度急性移植物抗宿主病发生率分别为21.1%(4/19)和58.1%(18/31),差异有显著性意义(P=0.01);两组慢性移植物抗宿主病发生率分别为21.1%(4/19)和25.8%(8/31),差异无显著性意义(P>0.05)。两组复发率分别为15.8%(3/19)和16.1%(5/31),差异无显著性意义(P>0.05)。两组早期巨细胞病毒血症发生率分别为42.1%(8/19)和35.5%(11/31),差异无显著性意义(P>0.05);两组移植后2年总存活率分别为68.4%(10/19)和70.9%(16/31),差异无显著性意义(P>0.05)。结果表明:脐带间充质干细胞替代供者骨髓细胞在单倍体相合外周血造血干细胞移植治疗恶性血液病中的疗效良好,降低了移植后急性移植物抗宿主病发生率,并未增加慢性移植物抗宿主病、复发率和早期巨细胞病毒血症的发生率,同时减少了供者采集骨髓的痛苦和风险。

CD8^(+)CD28^(-)T细胞对单倍型造血干细胞移植后急性移植物抗宿主病的影响

目的:探讨CD8^(+)CD28^(-)T细胞对单倍型造血干细胞移植(haplo-HSCT)后急性移植物抗宿主病(aGVHD)的影响。方法:回顾性分析60例行haplo-HSCT的血液病患者移植后CD8^(+)CD28^(-)T细胞绝对计数与aGVHD的关系,并比较不同CD8^(+)CD28^(-)T细胞绝对计数组间慢性移植物抗宿主病(cGVHD)、感染及预后的差异。结果:60例行haplo-HSCT患者中有40例发生aGVHD,发生率为66.67%,中位发生时间为32.5(20-100)天。Haplo-HSCT后30天,aGVHD组CD8^(+)CD28^(-)T细胞绝对计数显著低于无aGVHD组(P=0.03)。ROC曲线表明移植后30天CD8^(+)CD28^(-)T细胞绝对计数在一定程度上可预测aGVHD的易感性。移植后30天低细胞计数组(CD8^(+)CD28^(-)T细胞绝对计数<0.06/μl)患者的aGVHD发生率显著高于高细胞计数组(CD8^(+)CD28^(-)T细胞绝对计数≥0.06/μl,P=0.011)。多因素Cox回归分析进一步验证了移植后30天CD8^(+)CD28^(-)T细胞绝对计数是aGVHD发生的独立风险因素,低细胞计数组aGVHD的发生风险是高细胞计数组的2.222倍(P=0.015)。不同CD8^(+)CD28^(-)T细胞绝对计数组间cGVHD、真菌感染、EB病毒感染、巨细胞病毒感染的发生无统计学差异。不同CD8^(+)CD28^(-)T细胞绝对计数组的总生存率、非复发相关死亡率、复发率没有显示出明显的统计学差异。结论:行haplo-HSCT后30天CD8^(+)CD28^(-)T细胞延迟重建的患者更易发生aGVHD,并且CD8^(+)CD28^(-)T细胞绝对计数在一定程度上可预测其易感性。单倍型造血干细胞移植后CD8^(+)CD28^(-)T细胞绝对计数与cGVHD、真菌感染、EB病毒感染、巨细胞病毒感染无关,且与移植后的生存预后无显著相关。

口服海曲泊帕与皮下注射重组人血小板生成素用于单倍体造血干细胞移植

背景:异基因造血干细胞移植是治疗恶性血液病的重要手段,术后血小板植入延迟是常见并发症,严重影响患者生存质量,然而,目前并无标准方案来提高血小板植入率和预防血小板植入延迟。目的:对比分析口服海曲泊帕与皮下注射重组人血小板生成素促进恶性血液病患者单倍体造血干细胞移植后血小板植入的安全性及有效性。方法:回顾性分析2016年1月至2022年10月进行单倍体造血干细胞移植的163例恶性血液病患者的临床资料。+2 d开始皮下注射重组人血小板生成素的患者共72例,归为重组人血小板生成素组;+2 d开始口服海曲泊帕的患者共27例,归为海曲泊帕组;未应用海曲泊帕及重组人血小板生成素的64例患者归为空白对照组。对3组植入情况、100 d内Ⅱ-Ⅳ度急性移植物抗宿主病发生率、1年生存率、1年复发率及安全性进行分析。结果与结论:(1)中位随访时间52(12-87)个月,空白对照组、重组人血小板生成素组、海曲泊帕组患者中性粒细胞植入时间分别为(12.95±3.88)d,(14.04±3.71)d,(13.89±2.74)d,差异无显著性意义(P=0.352);血小板植入时间分别为(15.16±6.27)d,(17.67±6.52)d,(17.00±4.75)d,差异无显著性意义(P=0.287);(2)空白对照组、重组人血小板生成素组、海曲泊帕组第60天血小板完全植入率分别为64.06%,90.28%,92.59%,差异有显著性意义(P<0.001);亚组分析显示,空白对照组与重组人血小板生成素组比差异有显著性意义(P<0.001),空白对照组与海曲泊帕组比差异有显著性意义(P=0.004),重组人血小板生成素组与海曲泊帕组比差异无显著性意义(P=0.535);(3)空白对照组、重组人血小板生成素组、海曲泊帕组100 dⅡ-Ⅳ度急性移植物抗宿主病发生率分别为25.00%,30.56%,25.93%,差异无显著性意义(P=0.752);(4)巨细胞病毒血症、巨细胞病毒肺炎、肝功能损伤发生率在3组间无显著性差异(P>0.05);(5)随访期内,3组患者均未发生血栓事件;(6)结果表明,重组人血小板生成素、海曲泊帕均可提高恶性血液病患者单倍体造血干细胞移植后血小板的植入率,疗效相当且安全性良好。

HLA-mismatched/haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation： a field in which Chinese doctors are making great contributions

Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation .（allo-HSCT） is one of the best, or even the only,option for the cure of leukemia, especially for patients with high risk factors . However, it is limited by the shortage of suitable donors, because only 25%-30% patients can find a human leukocyte antigen （HLA）-identical sibling donor. Although much progress has been made in finding a suitable unrelated donor or unrelated cord blood （uCB） due to the expansion of the worldwide unrelated donor program,