One of the most critical threats to the reliability and robustness for file system is harboring bug (silent data corruption). In this research we focus on checksum mismatch since it occurs not only in the user data bu...One of the most critical threats to the reliability and robustness for file system is harboring bug (silent data corruption). In this research we focus on checksum mismatch since it occurs not only in the user data but also in file system. Our proposed solution has the ability to check this bug in file system of Linux. In our proposed solution there is no need to invoke or revoke checker utility, it comes as the integrated part of file system and has the ability to check upcoming updates before harboring bug make unrecoverable changes that leads significant data loses. Demonstration testing shows satisfactory results in file server and web server environments in terms of less memory consumption and avoidable delay in system’s updating.展开更多
Dear Editor,Uncommon mutations in exons 18-21 of the epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR)gene account for 10%–15%of all EGFR mutations when considered as a whole group[1,2].However,each variant confers heterogeneou...Dear Editor,Uncommon mutations in exons 18-21 of the epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR)gene account for 10%–15%of all EGFR mutations when considered as a whole group[1,2].However,each variant confers heterogeneous clinical outcomes to different generations of EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors(TKIs)with G719X,L861Q,and/or S768I showing adequate sensitivity to EGFR inhibition[1–3].Osimertinib,based on its superior survival outcomes,has become the preferred first-line treatment for patients diagnosed with advanced non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)harboring common EGFR mutations[4];however,its efficacy in patients harboring G719X,S768I,and/or L861Q mutations was comparable or even inferior to Afatinib[5].Afatinib,a second-generation EGFR-TKI,has received approval for extended clinical indication in treating previously untreated patients with metastatic NSCLC harboring G719X,L861Q,and/or S768I based on the findings from the pooled analysis of three clinical trials(LUX-Lung 2/3/6)[2].The real-world clinical efficacy of Afatinib for treating this patient subset has been consistently demonstrated by two large retrospective studies[6,7].In China,chemotherapy remains a standard first-line treatment for this patient subset,with Afatinib available only as an off-label treatment option.展开更多
Prof.Yun Zhang was born on 9 July 1963 in Kunming,Yunnan,China,during a tumultuous period which he often referenced.Throughout his life,he harbored a steadfast belief in using knowledge to unravel the mysteries of hum...Prof.Yun Zhang was born on 9 July 1963 in Kunming,Yunnan,China,during a tumultuous period which he often referenced.Throughout his life,he harbored a steadfast belief in using knowledge to unravel the mysteries of human diseases.His educational journey was marked by frequent changes in schools due to his parents’occupational relocations.However,despite these challenges,he consistently displayed diligence and was admitted to the East China University of Science and Technology,Shanghai,after completing high school in 1980.He remained an active and loyal member of the School of Biotechnology at the university.展开更多
Dear Editor,Structural aberrations of the Y chromosome,including deletions,ring chromosomes,Y-autosomal or Y-X translocations,isochromosomes,and dicentrics,occur in approximately 0.2%of live births;1 among these,parti...Dear Editor,Structural aberrations of the Y chromosome,including deletions,ring chromosomes,Y-autosomal or Y-X translocations,isochromosomes,and dicentrics,occur in approximately 0.2%of live births;1 among these,partial deletion in the azoospermia factor(AZF)region of the Y chromosome is a well-characterized cause of nonobstructive severe oligozoospermia and azoospermia.2 Meanwhile,a dicentric Y chromosome,abbreviated as dic(Y),was observed to be exclusively present in males with azoospermia,suggesting more severe negative consequences of the AZF deletion for spermatogenesis.展开更多
Dear Editor,Although fusion events involving neurotrophic receptor tyrosine kinase 1,2,and 3 genes(NTRK1,NTRK2,and NTRK3,encoding TRKA/B/C respectively)were found in diverse tumor types,only 0.1%-0.3%of lung cancer pa...Dear Editor,Although fusion events involving neurotrophic receptor tyrosine kinase 1,2,and 3 genes(NTRK1,NTRK2,and NTRK3,encoding TRKA/B/C respectively)were found in diverse tumor types,only 0.1%-0.3%of lung cancer patients harbor an NTRK(and mostly NTRK1)fusion as the primary oncogenic event[1].Such low prevalence may be partially due to the limited availability of first-line assays for detecting rare fusion events[2].Immunohistochemistry is limited by sensitivity and variable tissue background,and fluorescence in-situ hybridization falls short of elucidating functional significance such as the identity of the partner or structure of the transcript.While DNA next-generation sequencing(NGS)is suitable for mutation calling(single nucleotide variation[SNV]and insertion-or-deletion[indel]),and RNA NGS is particularly effective in detecting fusions[3],routinely performing these two assays together is labor-intensive.As a solution,we have developed a single NGS assay(PANO-Seq)for unified RNA/DNA target enrichment library preparation[4],which takes about 12 hours and $10 to prepare.展开更多
In this paper,the open-sourced computational fluid dynamics software,OpenFOAM~?,is used to study the fluctuation phenomenon of the water body inside a horizontally one-dimensional enclosed harbor basin with constant w...In this paper,the open-sourced computational fluid dynamics software,OpenFOAM~?,is used to study the fluctuation phenomenon of the water body inside a horizontally one-dimensional enclosed harbor basin with constant water depth triggered by falling wedges with various horizontal falling positions,initial falling velocities and masses.Based on both Fourier transfo rm analysis and wavelet spectrum analysis for the time series of the free surface elevations inside the harbor basin,it is found for the first time that the wedge falling inside the harbor can directly trigger harbor resonance.The influences of the three factors(including the horizontal falling position,the initial falling velocity,and the mass)on the response amplitudes of the lowest three resonant modes are also investigated.The results show that when the wedge falls on one of the nodal points of a resonant mode,the mode would be remarkably suppressed.Conversely,when the wedge falls on one of the anti-nodal points of a resonant mode,the mode would be evidently triggered.The initial falling velocity of the wedge mainly has a remarkable effect on the response amplitude of the most significant mode,and the latter shows a gradual increase trend with the increase of the former.While for the other two less significant modes,their response amplitudes fluctuate around certain constant values as the initial falling velocity rises.In general,the response amplitudes of all the lowest three modes are shown to gradually increase with the mass of the wedge.展开更多
In less than a century,Asia’s largest apex predator,the tiger(Panthera tigris),has been relegated to isolated populations surviving in only a small fraction of its historical range.The Medog region,located in Xizang ...In less than a century,Asia’s largest apex predator,the tiger(Panthera tigris),has been relegated to isolated populations surviving in only a small fraction of its historical range.The Medog region,located in Xizang Zizhiqu(Tibet),China,is an important stronghold for this ecologically important apex predator.To enhance our knowledge of the status of tigers in the Medog region,we carried out a systematic camera trapping survey combined with socioecological data collection between April 2020 and May 2022.We surveyed a 1769 km2 area across the Medog region,with a total valid sampling effort of 43163 camera days from 322 camera stations.We also collected socioecological data from 27 forest rangers.We documented tigers at eight camera trapping stations at two villages separated by the Jinzhu Tsangpo River,confirming the presence of at least one adult male individual within the Medog region.These new records were observed over 80 km northeast of the first record in 2019.Additionally,residents reported tiger sightings in 2020 and likely tiger pugmarks in 2021.These spatially and temporally separate records of tigers in the Medog region provide valuable data for informing species-oriented conservation management and highlight the importance of the region for tiger movement and population expansion.However,although encouraging,our survey also detected human activities that may threaten tigers and their potential prey.Ensuring the future survival of tigers in the Medog region entails anti-poaching patrols and long-term camera trapping efforts.In addition,it is also important to identify and establish corridors that connect the Medog region with the adjacent Zangnan region,which also harbors an important population of tigers.展开更多
Efficient and stable expression of foreign genes in cells and transgenic animals is important for gain-of-function studies and the establishment of bioreactors.Safe harbor loci in the animal genome enable consistent o...Efficient and stable expression of foreign genes in cells and transgenic animals is important for gain-of-function studies and the establishment of bioreactors.Safe harbor loci in the animal genome enable consistent overexpression of foreign genes,without side effects.However,relatively few safe harbor loci are available in pigs,a fact which has impeded the development of multi-transgenic pig research.We report a strategy for efficient transgene knock-in in the endogenous collagen type I alpha 1 chain(COL1A1)gene using the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR-associated protein 9(CRISPR/Cas9)system.After the knock-in of a 2A peptide-green fluorescence protein(2A-GFP)transgene in the last codon of COL1A1 in multiple porcine cells,including porcine kidney epithelial(PK15),porcine embryonic fibroblast(PEF)and porcine intestinal epithelial(IPI-2I)cells,quantitative PCR(qPCR),Western blotting,RNA-seq and CCK8 assay were performed to assess the safety of COL1A1 locus.The qPCR results showed that the GFP knock-in had no effect(P=0.29,P=0.66 and P=0.20 for PK15,PEF and IPI-2I cells,respectively)on the mRNA expression of COL1A1 gene.Similarly,no significant differences(P=0.64,P=0.48 and P=0.80 for PK15,PEF and IPI-2I cells,respectively)were found between the GFP knock-in and wild type cells by Western blotting.RNA-seq results revealed that the transcriptome of GFP knock-in PEF cells had a significant positive correlation(P<2.2e–16)with that of the wild type cells,indicating that the GFP knock-in did not alter the global expression of endogenous genes.Furthermore,the CCK8 assay showed that the GFP knock-in events had no adverse effects(P_(24)h=0.31,P_(48)h=0.96,P_(72)h=0.24,P_(96)h=0.17,and P_(120)h=0.38)on cell proliferation of PK15 cells.These results indicate that the COL1A1 locus can be used as a safe harbor for foreign genes knock-in into the pig genome and can be broadly applied to farm animal breeding and biomedical model establishment.展开更多
The motion of the moored ship in the harbor is a classical hydrodynamics problem that still faces many challenges in naval operations,such as cargo transfer and ship pairings between a big transport ship and some smal...The motion of the moored ship in the harbor is a classical hydrodynamics problem that still faces many challenges in naval operations,such as cargo transfer and ship pairings between a big transport ship and some small ships.A mathematical model is presented based on the Laplace equation utilizing the porous breakwater to investigate the moored ship motion in a partially absorbing/reflecting harbor.The motion of the moored ship is described with the hydrodynamic forces along the rotational motion(roll,pitch,and yaw)and translational motion(surge,sway,and heave).The efficiency of the numerical method is verified by comparing it with the analytical study of Yu and Chwang(1994)for the porous breakwater,and the moored ship motion is compared with the theoretical and experimental data obtained by Yoo(1998)and Takagi et al.(1993).Further,the current numerical scheme is implemented on the realistic Visakhapatnam Fishing port,India,in order to analyze the hydrodynamic forces on moored ship motion under resonance conditions.The model incorporates some essential strategies such as adding a porous breakwater and utilizing the wave absorber to reduce the port’s resonance.It has been observed that these tactics have a significant impact on the resonance inside the port for safe maritime navigation.Therefore,the current numerical model provides an efficient tool to reduce the resonance within the arbitrarily shaped ports for secure anchoring.展开更多
The sixth edition of the China International Import Expo(CIIE)was held in Shanghai in early November.This was the first time the global economic and trade event was fully resumed offline since the COVID-19 pandemic,an...The sixth edition of the China International Import Expo(CIIE)was held in Shanghai in early November.This was the first time the global economic and trade event was fully resumed offline since the COVID-19 pandemic,and it welcomed a record number of exhibitors.Joining the consistent enthusiasm from ASEAN countries,the United States sent official representatives in the“strongestever delegation”to the CIIE,headed by Jason Hafemeister,acting deputy under-secretary for trade and foreign agricultural affairs for the U.S.Department of Agriculture.All parties considered this year’s event particularly important and harbored high hopes for its ability to enhance trade cooperation with China.展开更多
In 1861,French biologist Henri Mouhot was searching for tropical animals in the dense forests of Siem Reap,Cambodia,when he inadvertently happened upon a mysterious and magnificent ancient architectural complex harbor...In 1861,French biologist Henri Mouhot was searching for tropical animals in the dense forests of Siem Reap,Cambodia,when he inadvertently happened upon a mysterious and magnificent ancient architectural complex harboring the secrets of the long-lost Angkor civilization.Angkor archaeological site,one of the“Four Wonders of the East”together with the Pyramids of Egypt,the Great Wall of China and the Borobudur of Indonesia,is regarded by Cambodian people as a cultural symbol of the national spirit.Since the country’s independence in 1953,the Cambodian national flag features a depiction of Angkor Wat.In 1992,the Angkor archaeological site was placed on UNESCO’s List of World Heritage in Danger.展开更多
美国纽约州科尔盖特大学的研究人员开发出了SealNet系统。科学家们认为他们发现了面部识别技术的一个新用途--拯救海豹。Scientists believe they have found a new use for facial recognition technology:saving large ocean animals ...美国纽约州科尔盖特大学的研究人员开发出了SealNet系统。科学家们认为他们发现了面部识别技术的一个新用途--拯救海豹。Scientists believe they have found a new use for facial recognition technology:saving large ocean animals known as seals.Researchers at Colgate University in the US state of New York have developed SealNet.The system is a database of seal faces created by taking pictures of many harbor seals in Maines Casco Bay.展开更多
Based on the characteristics of waves, tidal currents, sediment and seabed evolution in the Caofeidian sea area in the Bohai Bay, a 2D sediment mathematical model of waves and tidal currents is employed to study the d...Based on the characteristics of waves, tidal currents, sediment and seabed evolution in the Caofeidian sea area in the Bohai Bay, a 2D sediment mathematical model of waves and tidal currents is employed to study the development schemes of the harbor. Verification of spring and neap tidal currents and sediment in the winter and summer of 2006 shows that the calculated values of tidal stages as well as flow velocities, flow directions and sediment concentration of 15 synchronous vertical lines are in good agreement with the measured data. Also, deposition and erosion of the sea area in front of Caofeidian ore terminal induced by suspended load under tidal currents and waves are verified; it shows that the calculated values of depth of deposition and erosion as well as their distribution are close to the measured data. Furthermore, effects of reclamation scheme of island in front of the land behind Caofeidian harbor on the hydrodynamic environment are studied, including changes of flow velocities in the deep channels at the south side of Caofeidian foreland and Laolonggou and in various harbor basins, as well as changes of deposition and erosion of seabed induced by the project.展开更多
The chrysanthemum genome harbors three FT-like genes:CmFTL1 and CmFTL3 are thought to act as regulators of floral induction under long-day(LD)and short-day(SD)conditions,respectively,whereas the function of CmFTL2 is ...The chrysanthemum genome harbors three FT-like genes:CmFTL1 and CmFTL3 are thought to act as regulators of floral induction under long-day(LD)and short-day(SD)conditions,respectively,whereas the function of CmFTL2 is currently unclear.The objective of the present research was to explore the function of CmFTL2 in the determination of flowering time of the photo-insensitive chrysanthemum cultivar‘Floral Yuuka’,both in response to variation in the photoperiod and to the exogenous provision of sucrose.Spraying leaves of‘Floral Yuuka’plants with 50 mM sucrose accelerated flowering and increased the level of CmFTL2 transcription in the leaf more strongly than either CmFTL1 or FTL3 under both long and SD conditions.Transcription profiling indicated that all three CmFTL genes were upregulated during floral induction.The relationship of the CmFTL2 sequence with that of other members of the PEBP family suggested that its product contributes to the florigen rather than to the anti-florigen complex.The heterologous expression of CmFTL2 in the Arabidopsis thaliana ft-10 mutant rescued the mutant phenotype,showing that CmFTL2 could compensate for the absence of FT.These results suggest that CmFTL2 acts as a regulator of floral transition and responds to both the photoperiod and sucrose.展开更多
The long-term temporal and spatial dynamics of marine coastal water quality in Tolo Harbor, Hong Kong were explored. The Harbor is divided into three zones represented as Harbor, Buffer, and Channel Subzones. The time...The long-term temporal and spatial dynamics of marine coastal water quality in Tolo Harbor, Hong Kong were explored. The Harbor is divided into three zones represented as Harbor, Buffer, and Channel Subzones. The time range for the study covers the period from the 1970s to the 1990s. The selected indicators for the comprehensive assessment of water quality consist of physical, chemical and biological aspects, including suspended solids(SS), Secchi disk depth(SD), 5-day biochemical oxygen demand(BOD\-5), total nitrogen(TN), total phosphorus(TP), faecal coliform, chlorophyll-a(Chl-a), and the number of red tide occurrences. The results indicated the presence of obvious temporal and spatial trends with regard to changes in water quality. Spatially, water quality in the Channel Subzone is the best, while that in the Harbor Subzone is the worst. On a temporal basis, the average trend from bad to good was 1980s>1990s>1970s as indicated by most of the selected water quality indicators. Water quality during the late 1980s reached its worst level with the lowest SD, the highest BOD\-5, TN, TP, Chl-a concentrations, and the number of red tide occurrences. These long-term temporal-spatial water quality trends were also found in other studies of the Tolo Harbor. The large quantity of pollutants produced as a result of increasing population, industrial and commercial actives, and urbanization and industrialization trends in both Shatin and Tai Po seem to be primarily responsible for the changes in marine coastal water quality.展开更多
A composite numerical model is presented for computing the wave field in a harbor. The mild slope equation is discretized by a finite element method in the domain concerned. Out of the computational domain, the water ...A composite numerical model is presented for computing the wave field in a harbor. The mild slope equation is discretized by a finite element method in the domain concerned. Out of the computational domain, the water depth is assumed to be constant. The boundary element method is applied to the outer boundary for dealing with the infinite boundary condition. Because the model satisfies strictly the infinite boundary condition, more accurate results can be obtained. The model is firstly applied to compute the wave diffraction in a narrow rectangular bay and the wave diffraction from a porous cylinder. The numerical results are compared with the analytical solution, experimental data and other numerical results. Good agreements are obtained. Then the model is applied to computing the wave diffraction in a square harbor with varying water depth. The effects of the water depth in the harbor and the incoming wave direction on the wave height distribution are discussed.展开更多
文摘One of the most critical threats to the reliability and robustness for file system is harboring bug (silent data corruption). In this research we focus on checksum mismatch since it occurs not only in the user data but also in file system. Our proposed solution has the ability to check this bug in file system of Linux. In our proposed solution there is no need to invoke or revoke checker utility, it comes as the integrated part of file system and has the ability to check upcoming updates before harboring bug make unrecoverable changes that leads significant data loses. Demonstration testing shows satisfactory results in file server and web server environments in terms of less memory consumption and avoidable delay in system’s updating.
文摘Dear Editor,Uncommon mutations in exons 18-21 of the epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR)gene account for 10%–15%of all EGFR mutations when considered as a whole group[1,2].However,each variant confers heterogeneous clinical outcomes to different generations of EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors(TKIs)with G719X,L861Q,and/or S768I showing adequate sensitivity to EGFR inhibition[1–3].Osimertinib,based on its superior survival outcomes,has become the preferred first-line treatment for patients diagnosed with advanced non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)harboring common EGFR mutations[4];however,its efficacy in patients harboring G719X,S768I,and/or L861Q mutations was comparable or even inferior to Afatinib[5].Afatinib,a second-generation EGFR-TKI,has received approval for extended clinical indication in treating previously untreated patients with metastatic NSCLC harboring G719X,L861Q,and/or S768I based on the findings from the pooled analysis of three clinical trials(LUX-Lung 2/3/6)[2].The real-world clinical efficacy of Afatinib for treating this patient subset has been consistently demonstrated by two large retrospective studies[6,7].In China,chemotherapy remains a standard first-line treatment for this patient subset,with Afatinib available only as an off-label treatment option.
文摘Prof.Yun Zhang was born on 9 July 1963 in Kunming,Yunnan,China,during a tumultuous period which he often referenced.Throughout his life,he harbored a steadfast belief in using knowledge to unravel the mysteries of human diseases.His educational journey was marked by frequent changes in schools due to his parents’occupational relocations.However,despite these challenges,he consistently displayed diligence and was admitted to the East China University of Science and Technology,Shanghai,after completing high school in 1980.He remained an active and loyal member of the School of Biotechnology at the university.
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81871203)supported the study.
文摘Dear Editor,Structural aberrations of the Y chromosome,including deletions,ring chromosomes,Y-autosomal or Y-X translocations,isochromosomes,and dicentrics,occur in approximately 0.2%of live births;1 among these,partial deletion in the azoospermia factor(AZF)region of the Y chromosome is a well-characterized cause of nonobstructive severe oligozoospermia and azoospermia.2 Meanwhile,a dicentric Y chromosome,abbreviated as dic(Y),was observed to be exclusively present in males with azoospermia,suggesting more severe negative consequences of the AZF deletion for spermatogenesis.
基金This work is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81802276 to Z.S.).
文摘Dear Editor,Although fusion events involving neurotrophic receptor tyrosine kinase 1,2,and 3 genes(NTRK1,NTRK2,and NTRK3,encoding TRKA/B/C respectively)were found in diverse tumor types,only 0.1%-0.3%of lung cancer patients harbor an NTRK(and mostly NTRK1)fusion as the primary oncogenic event[1].Such low prevalence may be partially due to the limited availability of first-line assays for detecting rare fusion events[2].Immunohistochemistry is limited by sensitivity and variable tissue background,and fluorescence in-situ hybridization falls short of elucidating functional significance such as the identity of the partner or structure of the transcript.While DNA next-generation sequencing(NGS)is suitable for mutation calling(single nucleotide variation[SNV]and insertion-or-deletion[indel]),and RNA NGS is particularly effective in detecting fusions[3],routinely performing these two assays together is labor-intensive.As a solution,we have developed a single NGS assay(PANO-Seq)for unified RNA/DNA target enrichment library preparation[4],which takes about 12 hours and $10 to prepare.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.51911530205)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (Grant No.BK20201455)+5 种基金the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation (Grant No.2023A1515010890)the Key Laboratory of PortWaterway and Sedimentation Engineering of MOT (Grant No.YK222001-2)the Open Research Fund of Key Laboratory of Water Security Guarantee in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Marco Greater Bay Area of Ministry of Water Resources (Grant No.WSGBAKJ202309)the Qing Lan Project of Jiangsu Universitiesthe Royal Society (Grant No.IECNSFC181321)。
文摘In this paper,the open-sourced computational fluid dynamics software,OpenFOAM~?,is used to study the fluctuation phenomenon of the water body inside a horizontally one-dimensional enclosed harbor basin with constant water depth triggered by falling wedges with various horizontal falling positions,initial falling velocities and masses.Based on both Fourier transfo rm analysis and wavelet spectrum analysis for the time series of the free surface elevations inside the harbor basin,it is found for the first time that the wedge falling inside the harbor can directly trigger harbor resonance.The influences of the three factors(including the horizontal falling position,the initial falling velocity,and the mass)on the response amplitudes of the lowest three resonant modes are also investigated.The results show that when the wedge falls on one of the nodal points of a resonant mode,the mode would be remarkably suppressed.Conversely,when the wedge falls on one of the anti-nodal points of a resonant mode,the mode would be evidently triggered.The initial falling velocity of the wedge mainly has a remarkable effect on the response amplitude of the most significant mode,and the latter shows a gradual increase trend with the increase of the former.While for the other two less significant modes,their response amplitudes fluctuate around certain constant values as the initial falling velocity rises.In general,the response amplitudes of all the lowest three modes are shown to gradually increase with the mass of the wedge.
基金supported by the Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research Program (STEP,#2019 QZKK0501)Special Subsidies for Key Wildlife Conservation Project of Xizang Zizhiqu+1 种基金West Light Foundation of the Chinese Academy of SciencesChina Biodiversity Monitoring and Research Network (Sino Bon)
文摘In less than a century,Asia’s largest apex predator,the tiger(Panthera tigris),has been relegated to isolated populations surviving in only a small fraction of its historical range.The Medog region,located in Xizang Zizhiqu(Tibet),China,is an important stronghold for this ecologically important apex predator.To enhance our knowledge of the status of tigers in the Medog region,we carried out a systematic camera trapping survey combined with socioecological data collection between April 2020 and May 2022.We surveyed a 1769 km2 area across the Medog region,with a total valid sampling effort of 43163 camera days from 322 camera stations.We also collected socioecological data from 27 forest rangers.We documented tigers at eight camera trapping stations at two villages separated by the Jinzhu Tsangpo River,confirming the presence of at least one adult male individual within the Medog region.These new records were observed over 80 km northeast of the first record in 2019.Additionally,residents reported tiger sightings in 2020 and likely tiger pugmarks in 2021.These spatially and temporally separate records of tigers in the Medog region provide valuable data for informing species-oriented conservation management and highlight the importance of the region for tiger movement and population expansion.However,although encouraging,our survey also detected human activities that may threaten tigers and their potential prey.Ensuring the future survival of tigers in the Medog region entails anti-poaching patrols and long-term camera trapping efforts.In addition,it is also important to identify and establish corridors that connect the Medog region with the adjacent Zangnan region,which also harbors an important population of tigers.
基金supported by the Major Scientific Research Tasks for Scientific and Technological Innovation Projects of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences(CAAS-ZDRW202006)the National Transgenic Breeding Project(2018ZX08010-10B)the Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences(ASTIP-IAS05).
文摘Efficient and stable expression of foreign genes in cells and transgenic animals is important for gain-of-function studies and the establishment of bioreactors.Safe harbor loci in the animal genome enable consistent overexpression of foreign genes,without side effects.However,relatively few safe harbor loci are available in pigs,a fact which has impeded the development of multi-transgenic pig research.We report a strategy for efficient transgene knock-in in the endogenous collagen type I alpha 1 chain(COL1A1)gene using the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR-associated protein 9(CRISPR/Cas9)system.After the knock-in of a 2A peptide-green fluorescence protein(2A-GFP)transgene in the last codon of COL1A1 in multiple porcine cells,including porcine kidney epithelial(PK15),porcine embryonic fibroblast(PEF)and porcine intestinal epithelial(IPI-2I)cells,quantitative PCR(qPCR),Western blotting,RNA-seq and CCK8 assay were performed to assess the safety of COL1A1 locus.The qPCR results showed that the GFP knock-in had no effect(P=0.29,P=0.66 and P=0.20 for PK15,PEF and IPI-2I cells,respectively)on the mRNA expression of COL1A1 gene.Similarly,no significant differences(P=0.64,P=0.48 and P=0.80 for PK15,PEF and IPI-2I cells,respectively)were found between the GFP knock-in and wild type cells by Western blotting.RNA-seq results revealed that the transcriptome of GFP knock-in PEF cells had a significant positive correlation(P<2.2e–16)with that of the wild type cells,indicating that the GFP knock-in did not alter the global expression of endogenous genes.Furthermore,the CCK8 assay showed that the GFP knock-in events had no adverse effects(P_(24)h=0.31,P_(48)h=0.96,P_(72)h=0.24,P_(96)h=0.17,and P_(120)h=0.38)on cell proliferation of PK15 cells.These results indicate that the COL1A1 locus can be used as a safe harbor for foreign genes knock-in into the pig genome and can be broadly applied to farm animal breeding and biomedical model establishment.
文摘The motion of the moored ship in the harbor is a classical hydrodynamics problem that still faces many challenges in naval operations,such as cargo transfer and ship pairings between a big transport ship and some small ships.A mathematical model is presented based on the Laplace equation utilizing the porous breakwater to investigate the moored ship motion in a partially absorbing/reflecting harbor.The motion of the moored ship is described with the hydrodynamic forces along the rotational motion(roll,pitch,and yaw)and translational motion(surge,sway,and heave).The efficiency of the numerical method is verified by comparing it with the analytical study of Yu and Chwang(1994)for the porous breakwater,and the moored ship motion is compared with the theoretical and experimental data obtained by Yoo(1998)and Takagi et al.(1993).Further,the current numerical scheme is implemented on the realistic Visakhapatnam Fishing port,India,in order to analyze the hydrodynamic forces on moored ship motion under resonance conditions.The model incorporates some essential strategies such as adding a porous breakwater and utilizing the wave absorber to reduce the port’s resonance.It has been observed that these tactics have a significant impact on the resonance inside the port for safe maritime navigation.Therefore,the current numerical model provides an efficient tool to reduce the resonance within the arbitrarily shaped ports for secure anchoring.
文摘The sixth edition of the China International Import Expo(CIIE)was held in Shanghai in early November.This was the first time the global economic and trade event was fully resumed offline since the COVID-19 pandemic,and it welcomed a record number of exhibitors.Joining the consistent enthusiasm from ASEAN countries,the United States sent official representatives in the“strongestever delegation”to the CIIE,headed by Jason Hafemeister,acting deputy under-secretary for trade and foreign agricultural affairs for the U.S.Department of Agriculture.All parties considered this year’s event particularly important and harbored high hopes for its ability to enhance trade cooperation with China.
文摘In 1861,French biologist Henri Mouhot was searching for tropical animals in the dense forests of Siem Reap,Cambodia,when he inadvertently happened upon a mysterious and magnificent ancient architectural complex harboring the secrets of the long-lost Angkor civilization.Angkor archaeological site,one of the“Four Wonders of the East”together with the Pyramids of Egypt,the Great Wall of China and the Borobudur of Indonesia,is regarded by Cambodian people as a cultural symbol of the national spirit.Since the country’s independence in 1953,the Cambodian national flag features a depiction of Angkor Wat.In 1992,the Angkor archaeological site was placed on UNESCO’s List of World Heritage in Danger.
文摘美国纽约州科尔盖特大学的研究人员开发出了SealNet系统。科学家们认为他们发现了面部识别技术的一个新用途--拯救海豹。Scientists believe they have found a new use for facial recognition technology:saving large ocean animals known as seals.Researchers at Colgate University in the US state of New York have developed SealNet.The system is a database of seal faces created by taking pictures of many harbor seals in Maines Casco Bay.
基金The project is financially supported by the National key Basic Research and Development Program(973 Program,No.2003CB415206)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.50379027)
文摘Based on the characteristics of waves, tidal currents, sediment and seabed evolution in the Caofeidian sea area in the Bohai Bay, a 2D sediment mathematical model of waves and tidal currents is employed to study the development schemes of the harbor. Verification of spring and neap tidal currents and sediment in the winter and summer of 2006 shows that the calculated values of tidal stages as well as flow velocities, flow directions and sediment concentration of 15 synchronous vertical lines are in good agreement with the measured data. Also, deposition and erosion of the sea area in front of Caofeidian ore terminal induced by suspended load under tidal currents and waves are verified; it shows that the calculated values of depth of deposition and erosion as well as their distribution are close to the measured data. Furthermore, effects of reclamation scheme of island in front of the land behind Caofeidian harbor on the hydrodynamic environment are studied, including changes of flow velocities in the deep channels at the south side of Caofeidian foreland and Laolonggou and in various harbor basins, as well as changes of deposition and erosion of seabed induced by the project.
基金This work was supported by funding from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31372100)the Project Funded by the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutionsby‘Programs of Innovation and Entrepreneurship Talents’of Jiangsu Province.
文摘The chrysanthemum genome harbors three FT-like genes:CmFTL1 and CmFTL3 are thought to act as regulators of floral induction under long-day(LD)and short-day(SD)conditions,respectively,whereas the function of CmFTL2 is currently unclear.The objective of the present research was to explore the function of CmFTL2 in the determination of flowering time of the photo-insensitive chrysanthemum cultivar‘Floral Yuuka’,both in response to variation in the photoperiod and to the exogenous provision of sucrose.Spraying leaves of‘Floral Yuuka’plants with 50 mM sucrose accelerated flowering and increased the level of CmFTL2 transcription in the leaf more strongly than either CmFTL1 or FTL3 under both long and SD conditions.Transcription profiling indicated that all three CmFTL genes were upregulated during floral induction.The relationship of the CmFTL2 sequence with that of other members of the PEBP family suggested that its product contributes to the florigen rather than to the anti-florigen complex.The heterologous expression of CmFTL2 in the Arabidopsis thaliana ft-10 mutant rescued the mutant phenotype,showing that CmFTL2 could compensate for the absence of FT.These results suggest that CmFTL2 acts as a regulator of floral transition and responds to both the photoperiod and sucrose.
文摘The long-term temporal and spatial dynamics of marine coastal water quality in Tolo Harbor, Hong Kong were explored. The Harbor is divided into three zones represented as Harbor, Buffer, and Channel Subzones. The time range for the study covers the period from the 1970s to the 1990s. The selected indicators for the comprehensive assessment of water quality consist of physical, chemical and biological aspects, including suspended solids(SS), Secchi disk depth(SD), 5-day biochemical oxygen demand(BOD\-5), total nitrogen(TN), total phosphorus(TP), faecal coliform, chlorophyll-a(Chl-a), and the number of red tide occurrences. The results indicated the presence of obvious temporal and spatial trends with regard to changes in water quality. Spatially, water quality in the Channel Subzone is the best, while that in the Harbor Subzone is the worst. On a temporal basis, the average trend from bad to good was 1980s>1990s>1970s as indicated by most of the selected water quality indicators. Water quality during the late 1980s reached its worst level with the lowest SD, the highest BOD\-5, TN, TP, Chl-a concentrations, and the number of red tide occurrences. These long-term temporal-spatial water quality trends were also found in other studies of the Tolo Harbor. The large quantity of pollutants produced as a result of increasing population, industrial and commercial actives, and urbanization and industrialization trends in both Shatin and Tai Po seem to be primarily responsible for the changes in marine coastal water quality.
基金The present work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under contract No.50025924.
文摘A composite numerical model is presented for computing the wave field in a harbor. The mild slope equation is discretized by a finite element method in the domain concerned. Out of the computational domain, the water depth is assumed to be constant. The boundary element method is applied to the outer boundary for dealing with the infinite boundary condition. Because the model satisfies strictly the infinite boundary condition, more accurate results can be obtained. The model is firstly applied to compute the wave diffraction in a narrow rectangular bay and the wave diffraction from a porous cylinder. The numerical results are compared with the analytical solution, experimental data and other numerical results. Good agreements are obtained. Then the model is applied to computing the wave diffraction in a square harbor with varying water depth. The effects of the water depth in the harbor and the incoming wave direction on the wave height distribution are discussed.