As the background of our study, we requested that practitioners use muscle hardness testers to conduct a digital assessment of muscle hardness layers that they can feel by palpation. We developed muscle hardness teste...As the background of our study, we requested that practitioners use muscle hardness testers to conduct a digital assessment of muscle hardness layers that they can feel by palpation. We developed muscle hardness testers to assess muscle hardness digitally from the reaction force and the depth in pushing a finger-shaped indenter, thereby simulating palpation. To assess muscle hardness digitally, we proposed this means using the reaction force and depth that are measured when the indenter is pushed, along with the elastic constant, and the differential elastic modulus. The tester is designed to be useful to ascertain effects of, or follow the course of, muscle layer treatment applied for shoulder stiffness and other conditions. As described herein, we confirmed the effectiveness of digital assessment using foam rubber consisting of an upper layer and a lower layer, respectively simulating the cortical and muscle layers of a human body. Additionally, monitoring six subjects, we digitally assessed the change of hardness of the trapezius muscle by changing the position of the upper extremity. Next, we were able to measure the change of hardness before and after treatment for 21 subjects with shoulder stiffness.展开更多
The arc spraying technique was adopted to prepare three types of iron-based coatings including 08Mn2 Si,4Cr13,and 65 Mn.Meanwhile,the metallurgical microscope and scanning electron microscope（SEM）were used to analyz...The arc spraying technique was adopted to prepare three types of iron-based coatings including 08Mn2 Si,4Cr13,and 65 Mn.Meanwhile,the metallurgical microscope and scanning electron microscope（SEM）were used to analyze the microstructure of these coatings.Besides,a DPT-5dye penetrant was painted on the surface of the coatings to simulate the oil fluid,so as to observe its penetration in the pore structures.The MMU-5Gend-face hightemperature wear tester was used to carry out wear-resistance tests on these coatings and give comparison with grey cast irons.The experimental results showed that the 4Cr13 coating exhibited the best wear resistance under oil batch lubrication condition.According to the study of these coating structures,it was discovered that three coatings presented topology-like structures due to the accumulation of flat particles on the matrices.Meanwhile,it was found that zonal oxides were mixed in particles with some unmolten particles,pores,and cracks.Besides,the larger pores were mutually connected by gap-like pores.The existence of FeO in the coating and the pore structures keep oil in acted antifriction effects.展开更多
文摘As the background of our study, we requested that practitioners use muscle hardness testers to conduct a digital assessment of muscle hardness layers that they can feel by palpation. We developed muscle hardness testers to assess muscle hardness digitally from the reaction force and the depth in pushing a finger-shaped indenter, thereby simulating palpation. To assess muscle hardness digitally, we proposed this means using the reaction force and depth that are measured when the indenter is pushed, along with the elastic constant, and the differential elastic modulus. The tester is designed to be useful to ascertain effects of, or follow the course of, muscle layer treatment applied for shoulder stiffness and other conditions. As described herein, we confirmed the effectiveness of digital assessment using foam rubber consisting of an upper layer and a lower layer, respectively simulating the cortical and muscle layers of a human body. Additionally, monitoring six subjects, we digitally assessed the change of hardness of the trapezius muscle by changing the position of the upper extremity. Next, we were able to measure the change of hardness before and after treatment for 21 subjects with shoulder stiffness.
基金Item Sponsored by National Natural Science Foundation of China(51301112)Science Research Program of Education Department of Liaoning Province of China(L2014048)
文摘The arc spraying technique was adopted to prepare three types of iron-based coatings including 08Mn2 Si,4Cr13,and 65 Mn.Meanwhile,the metallurgical microscope and scanning electron microscope（SEM）were used to analyze the microstructure of these coatings.Besides,a DPT-5dye penetrant was painted on the surface of the coatings to simulate the oil fluid,so as to observe its penetration in the pore structures.The MMU-5Gend-face hightemperature wear tester was used to carry out wear-resistance tests on these coatings and give comparison with grey cast irons.The experimental results showed that the 4Cr13 coating exhibited the best wear resistance under oil batch lubrication condition.According to the study of these coating structures,it was discovered that three coatings presented topology-like structures due to the accumulation of flat particles on the matrices.Meanwhile,it was found that zonal oxides were mixed in particles with some unmolten particles,pores,and cracks.Besides,the larger pores were mutually connected by gap-like pores.The existence of FeO in the coating and the pore structures keep oil in acted antifriction effects.
