Real-Time Method for Detecting Harmonic and Reactive Currents of Single-Phase Circuits

According to the characteristics of single-phase circuits and demand of using active filter for real-time detecting harmonic and reactive currents, a detecting method based on Fryze＇s power definition is proposed. The results of theoretical analysis and simula- tion show that the proposed method is effective in realtime detecting of instantaneous harmonic and reactive currents in single-phase circuits. When only detecting the total reactive currents, this method does not need a phase-locked loop circuit, and it also can be used in some special applications to provide different compensations on the ground of different requirements of electric network. Compared with the other methods based on the theory of instantaneous reactive power, this method is simple and easy to realize.

Low Phase Noise VCO using Novel Harmonic Control Circuit Based on Quad-band Composite Right/Left-handed Transmission Line

In this paper, a novel Voltage-Controlled Oscillator （VCO） using the harmonic control circuit based on the quad-band Composite Right/Left-Handed （CRLH） Transmission Line （TL） is presented to reduce the phase noise without the reduction of the frequeacy tuning range and miniaturizing the circuit size. The phase noise has been reduced by the quad-band harmonic control circuit which has the short impedance for the second- and third- and fourth- and fifth-hannonic components. The CRLH TL with two Left-Handed （LH） （backward） and two Right-Handed （RH） （forward） pass bands are used to design the quad-band harmonic control circuit. The high- Q resonator has been used to reduce the phase noise, but it has the problem of the frequency timing range reduction. However, the frequency tuning range of the proposed VCO has not reduced because the phase noise has reduced without the high-Q resonator. The miniaturization of the circuit size is achieved by using the quad-band CRLH TL instead of the conventional RH TL, The phase noise of VCO is - 124.43～ - 122.67 dBc/Hz at 100 kHz in the tuning range of 5. 729 ～5.934 GHz.

AN IMPROVEMENT TO THE HARMONIC-BALANCE TECHNIQUE FOR ANALYZING NONLINEAR CIRCUITS

In this paper,an improved method,which is based on the harmonic-balance tech-nique,for speeding up the convergence iteration procedure is presented.As an example,it isapplied to the nonlinear analysis of microwave mixer,in which a simple time domain to fre-quency domain transformation technique for the mixer diode is firstly introduced.The use of thistechnique saves computing time dramatically.And the analyzed results are in good agreementwith the results published.The improved method can also be extended to the CAA of nonlinearcircuits with multi-devices.

基于Buck-Boost电路与相对极差策略的锂电池组分层均衡技术研究

针对串联锂电池组均衡过程中出现的均衡速度慢、能量转移效率低等问题,提出一种基于Buck-Boost电路的分层均衡拓扑结构,以各单体电池的荷电状态(SOC)作为均衡变量,采用相对极差法的均衡控制策略以实现各层均衡单元的同步均衡。首先阐述了改进后均衡拓扑的整体结构以及分层分组的方法、最小均衡单元的均衡原理以及均衡过程中相关参数的计算过程;之后根据所设计的分层拓扑结构设计了与其相适应的均衡控制策略;最后在Matlab/Simulink中分别搭建了不同拓扑下的仿真模型并进行了均衡仿真验证。仿真结果表明,在8节电池与9节电池的不同情况下与传统单层均衡拓扑相比,文中所提出的采用相对极差控制策略的分层均衡拓扑结构在均衡速度上分别提高了86.06%和84.21%,在能量转移效率上分别提高了3.3%和4.22%,验证了所提均衡拓扑以及均衡策略的有效性。

Methodology Approach Using Harmonic Synthesis as Simulation Method for Investigation of Power Network with Non-Linear Loads

The paper deals with analysis and synthesis of non-harmonic and non-linear sources and appliances, and their interaction with harmonic power supply network. Basic idea is based on knowledge of harmonic spectrum of the sources and/or appliances, respectively. Obviously, one need to know voltage harmonic components of voltage sources （renewable with inverters,...）, and current harmonic components generated by non-linear appliances （rectifiers,...）. Method of investigation lies on decomposition of real electric circuit into n-harmonic separated equivalent schemes for each harmonic component. Then transient analysis will be done for each scheme separately using ＂impedance harmonic matrices＂. The important fact is that each equivalent scheme is now linearized and therefore easily calculated. Finally, the effects of each investigated schemes arc summed into resulting quantities of real non-linear electric circuit.

An Insight into the Second-Harmonic Current Reduction Control Strategies in Two-Stage Converters

Due to the components at twice the fundamental frequency of output voltage in the instantaneous output power of a two-stage single-phase inverter(TSI),the second harmonic current(SHC)is generated in the frontend dc-dc converter(FDC).To reduce the SHC,optimizing the control strategy of the FDC is an effective and costless approach.Fromthe view of visual impedance,this paper conducts an intensive study on the SHC reduction strategies.Origin of the SHC is illustrated first.Then,the equivalent circuit models of the FDC under different control strategies are proposed to analyse the SHC propagation characteristic.The derived model can offer a better insight into how the inductor SHC is affected by the control parameters.According to the derived models,a synthesis of different control strategies is presented and the relevant parameters are listed for control design to achieve better suppression effect.The benefits and limitations of these control strategies are also discussed.Based on the proposed equivalent circuit models,several optimization methods are proposed to enhance the effect.A 1500 VA TSI prototype is built and simulated on MATLAB/Simulink,verifying the effectiveness of the proposed optimization methods.This paper is aimed to provide a guideline for the control design and control optimization of the TSIs.

基于Buck-Boost逆变电路的低纹波可调直流稳压电源控制方法

为克服传统低纹波直流稳压电源的主电路拓扑结构存在电路结构复杂、体积大等不足,提出一种基于Buck-Boost逆变电路的新型可调直流稳压电源拓扑结构,用Buck-Boost逆变环节取代传统结构中高频逆变和变压器升压两个环节,此结构相较于传统结构,在电路结构上可以得到明显的简化。为实现该新型可调直流稳压电源输出低纹波、高稳定度直流电压的要求,针对其Buck-Boost逆变电路提出采用基于比例积分-矢量比例积分的复合控制方法,即以Buck-Boost逆变电路中电容电压和电感电流作为状态变量,并以电感电流为控制内环,电容电压为控制外环,通过对两个闭环采用比例积分-矢量比例积分复合控制方法,实现对两个状态变量的解耦控制,最后通过仿真与实验对其效果进行了验证,同时与传统低纹波直流稳压电源进行了对比分析。结果表明,文中提出的基于Buck-Boost逆变电路的新型可调直流稳压电源拓扑结构及针对该拓扑结构所提出的控制方法不仅输出直流电压纹波小、稳态精度高、动态性能好同时还具有电路结构简单且输出直流电压任意可调等特点,因而具有较好的应用价值。

An Adaptive Slope Compensation Circuit for Peak Current Mode of Boost Switching Power Supply

Based on the analysis of the basic principle of slope compensation, a high-precision adaptive slope compensation circuit for peak current mode boost DC/DC converter is designed. The circuit dynamically detects the input and output voltage of the boost circuit to realize automatic adjustment of the compensation amount with the change of duty ratio, which makes the ramp compensation slope optimized. The design uses a high-precision subtracter to improve the accuracy of slope compensation. While eliminating sub-slope oscillation and improving the stability of boost circuit, the negative impact of compensation on boost circuit is minimized, and the load capacity and transient response speed of boost circuit are guaranteed. The circuit is designed based on SMIC 0.18um CMOS technology, with simple structure, high reliability and easy engineering implementation. Spectre circuit simulator 17.1.0.124 64b simulation results show that the circuit has high compensation accuracy and wide input and output voltage range. When the working voltage is 3.3 V, the compensation slope can be adjusted adaptively under different duty cycles, and the minimum error between the compensation slope and the theoretical optimal compensation slope is only 0.42%.

Design of Subharmonic Mixers above 100 GHz

This paper presents the design and simulation of several fixed-tuned sub-harmonic mixers cover frequencies from 110 GH to 130 GHz, 215 GH to 235 GHz, 310 GH to 350 GHz, and 400 GH to 440 GHz. Among them, 120 GHz, 225 GHz, 330 GHz subharmonic mixers are designed with flip-chipped planar schottky diode mounted onto a suspended quartz-based substrate, the 225 GHz and 425 GHz subharmonic mixers are GaAs membrane integrated, and the 115 GHz subharmonic mixer has been fabricated and tested already.

一种BCM Boost PFC电路的VCFF控制策略

临界导通模式Boost功率因素校正(PFC)电路通常采用恒定导通时间(COT)控制策略,导致开关频率的变化与输入电压、输出功率以及电感有关,轻载下过高的开关频率将影响电路的转换效率,故提出一种谷底计数频率反走(VCFF)控制策略。通过检测MOS管两端电压谷底计数,使电路轻载时工作在断续模式,从而降低开关频率以提升轻载效率。实验结果表明,相比于COT控制策略,所提控制策略能够有效提高轻载效率。输入电压为220 Vrms下,10%~50%负载时效率在0.96以上。

抑制DC/DC BOOST电路尖峰电压及振铃噪声的设计与应用

针对开关电源DC/DC BOOST电路易出现电磁辐射偏高甚至超标问题,通过对升压转换电路及其电磁辐射产生机理研究,提出一种DC/DC BOOST电路系统中寄生电容容值的确定方法及基于RC吸收电路的振铃噪声抑制方法,通过对RC吸收电路的元件参数进行计算取值并实测,测试数据显示,电路系统中尖峰电压有效降低2.2%,振铃噪声已无限趋近于0,电磁辐射峰值可有效降低4.2 dB;同时该方法不影响电路系统稳定性且成本低廉,契合大规模产业化设计需求,可有效提高产品开发效率。

CRM Boost-PFC电路的改进COT控制

针对临界导通模式(CRM)Boost-PFC电路开关管开通电压大导致开通损耗高、开通时d u/d t大导致电磁干扰(EMI)的问题,提出一种改进的软开关恒定导通时间(COT)控制方法。电路的开关管自适应地在低输入电压瞬时值时实现零电压开通(ZVS),在高输入电压瞬时值时实现谷底导通,降低开关管的导通电压,减小了导通损耗;降低导通时开关管的d u/d t,改善了电路的EMI性能。分析CRM Boost-PFC电路及所提控制方法的原理和工作过程,并探讨所提控制方法对电路EMI特性的影响,开展关键参数设计。最后,通过仿真和实验给出了样机的输入输出特性曲线、效率曲线和EMI特性曲线,验证所提控制方法的有效性。

基于Boost电路的光伏系统MPPT变工况分析

近年来,太阳能因其卓越的环保特性、可再生能源的特质以及可持续发展的重要性,成为了能源领域备受关注的研究和实践焦点。然而,太阳能的高效利用受多种气象因素的影响,包括温度、光照强度和天气变化等。这些因素对太阳能系统的性能和能源产出构成了重大挑战。研究了一种提高太阳能利用率的方法,即通过调节Boost电路的占空比来调节太阳能电池板的输出电压,实现对太阳能电池板的变工况最大功率点追踪,从而应对温度、光照强度等天气条件的变化。

减小DCM Boost PFC变换器储能电容的方法

在DCM Boost PFC变换器中,输入电流含有初始相位与基波电流相差的三次谐波,不仅功率因数较低,且需要更大的输出储能电容。本文提出一种控制方法,在整个输入电压范围内可以使输入电流仅含有一定量的与基波初始相位相同的三次谐波。与定占空比控制相比,在满足IEC 61000 3 2,Class D谐波标准要求的情况下,可以将储能电容量降低为原来的37%。在满足Energy Star对功率因数要求不低于0.9标准的情况下,输出储能电容最多可以减小为原来的43%。为了简化实现电路,本文进一步提出一种拟合占空比的方法。实验结果验证了理论分析的正确性。

基于计算机仿真的Buck-Boost电路研究(英文)

Buck-Boost电路中含有丰富的非线性现象。它工作过程中电路拓扑结构的循环切换导致了谐波、分叉和混沌等非线性行为。基于PSPICE仿真,研究了电流控制DC/DC Buck-Boost开关转换器中的倍周期现象。而且,建立了开关转换器的数学模型和叠代映射来解释这种非线性现象。基于MATLAB仿真,从叠代映射中得到了系统分叉图。

Boost电路在光伏发电系统中的应用

由双级式光伏发电系统的应用要求选择Boost电路作为系统的DC-DC变换器,在分析了Boost电路工作原理的基础上,详细介绍了Boost电路关键参数的计算在光伏系统中的作用及MPPT控制策略,最后给出了实际光伏发电系统中前端Boost电路的MPPT控制实验波形。

双Buck/Boost集成双有源桥三端口DC-DC变换器

在传统的双有源桥变换器的基础上集成两个双向Buck/Boost电路,提出了一种双Buck/Boost集成双有源桥三端口DC-DC变换器,该变换器实现了桥臂开关管的复用,提高了功率密度。以光伏-蓄电池混合发电系统为例对该变换器拓扑进行分析,采用移相+PWM进行控制,通过控制移相角实现输入与输出端口间功率传输,通过调节占空比来匹配输入端口电压等级,以实现光伏端口的最大功率点跟踪和平衡蓄电池端口的能量传递。分析了该变换器的工作原理、稳态与软开关特性,该变换器较大程度地改善了传统移相控制下DAB在移相角较小时的软开关条件,使得在宽工作范围内能够实现所有功率开关管的软开关。最后建立300W实验样机进行方案验证。

Boost功率因数校正器中输入电流波形失真分析与抑制

讨论了平均电流控制的 Boost功率因数校正器中输入电流波形失真的机理 ,从理论上推导了前馈电压和输出电压中二次谐波电压对电流基准信号产生的影响 ,对前馈滤波器参数和电压反馈回路控制参数的设计进行了详细的讨论 ,采用控制芯片 UC385 4制作了一台输出功率为 2 0 0 0W的原理样机 ,通过原理样机输入电流波形的频谱分析 。

一种新型Boost变换器

将串并联二极管电容网络与传统Boost升压电路相结合,提出一种新型的Boost电路。与传统的Boost电路以及其他类型的升压电路相比较,新型电路具有较明显的优势,在不提高对器件要求的同时,有效地提高了升压比,可实现更大的功率变换,在同样的电压变比条件下,有更高的效率。分析了新型Boost电路的工作原理,并进行了实验验证。实验表明,该新型Boost变换器结构简单,性能优良,具有实用价值。

基于模糊PI调节Boost电路的光伏系统最大功率点跟踪控制

详细分析了光伏电池及光伏阵列的工作特性,建立了光伏电池的等效电路及数学模型,根据实际的光伏电池参数计算得出相应数学模型的拟合参数,并根据拟合参数建立了光伏阵列的MATLAB模型。利用Boost电路提升光伏阵列的电压,采用改进的导纳增量法实现光伏阵列的最大功率点跟踪(MPPT)功能,并利用模糊PI控制算法修改控制参数以提高系统的速度。通过对电路的分析,得出了其小信号状态空间模型,利用模型仿真可知电路是一个稳定的系统。实验结果验证了系统工作稳定、可靠、快速。