Dynamic Analysis of an Algae-Fish Harvested Model with Allee Effect

In this paper, an algae-fish harvested model with Allee effect was established to further explore the dynamic evolution mechanism under the influence of key factors. Mathematical theoretical work not only investigated the existence and stability of all possible equilibrium points, but also probed into the occurrence of transcritical and Hopf bifurcation. The numerical simulation works verified the effectiveness of the theoretical derivation results and displayed rich bifurcation dynamical behaviors, which showed that Allee effect and harvest have played a vital role in the dynamic relationship between algae and fish. In summary, it was expected that these research results would be beneficial for promoting the study of bifurcation dynamics in aquatic ecosystems.

Model Design and Development of a Telescopic Palm Fruit Harvester

This research paper presents a comprehensive conceptual design approach for the development of a telescopic machine system, which is portable and will provide a safe method of harvesting palm fruits. For this machine system development, the material for each component of the machine system was first selected, the boom length, maximum boom angle, force and stroke length of each hydraulic cylinder, the hydraulic pump pressure, base weight, permissible weight of the cutting system and power required were then calculated in the design analysis. Furthermore, from the calculated parameters, the model of the system was created using SolidWorks engineering software, the model was developed and tested. The result shows that the cutting time of the system for one bunch of palm fruit was longer when compared to conventional systems. It was concluded that though the machine is maintenance friendly and portable, further improvements in its design are necessary so as to develop a system that will give desirable economic output at a shorter time.

Existence of two periodic solutions of a ratio-dependent Holling-Taner model with infinite delay and prey harvest

This paper considers a class of ratio-dependent Holling-Taner model with infinite delay and prey harvest, which is of periodic coefficients. By means of the coincidence degree theory, a set of sufficient conditions for the existence of at least two positive periodic solutions of this model is established.

Design and Modelling of Piezoelectric Road Energy Harvesting

In recent years, road piezoelectric energy harvesting (RPEH) has attracted great attention from industry and academia, as it can provide power to traffic ancillary facilities and low-power wireless sensor devices to support car networking and intelligent transportation. The output power of RPEH in a recent research project demonstrated a watt level RPEH. In this proposal, we propose to harvest energy from piezoelectric modules (also called stacks) to power selected highways, tolls, and bridges in Pennsylvania. The project incorporates electrical, mechanical, and civil engineering works. The proposed smart highway RPEH will be conducted using optimization parameters to evaluate the system performance and trade-offs. MATLAB will be used with other optimization solvers in problem modeling and optimization. During this project, an RPEH hardware system will be constructed. The system will include a piezoelectric module, rectifier (AC-DC), Storage battery, data acquisition system (DAQ), and computer. The captured data will be analyzed using MATLAB/Simulink. The results show that optimum harvested parameters were addressed when the thickness is selected as 2 mm.

Analysis of an Eco-Epidemiological Model Considering Effect of Harvesting and Prey Refuge

In this work, we analyze an eco-epidemiological model with the disease in the prey, considering a constant proportion of harvesting of either species or a prey refuge. The positive invariant set, the conditions of existence, and locally asymptotically stability of the equilibria are studied using the stability theory of ordinary differential equation. The global stability of border equilibria by constructing Lyapunov functions and permanence of the system by comparison theoremare proved. The numerical simulation further proved the correctness of the theoretical analysis. The result indicates that overfishing would lead to population extinction and a reasonable fishing strategy should keep the coexistence of populations.

Existence of Two Periodic Solutions of a Delayed Single Species Model with Feedback Regulation and Harvest Term

借助于巧合度理论的继续定理，有反馈规定和收获术语的一个推迟的单个种类模型的二个周期的答案的存在被获得。

Balancing timber production and habitat conservation of Okinawa Rails(Gallirallus okinawae): Application of a harvest scheduling optimization model in subtropical forest in Okinawa, Japan

Finding the right balance between timber production and the management of forest-dependent wildlife species,present a difficult challenge for forest resource managers and policy makers in Okinawa,Japan.A possible explanation of this can be found in the unique nature of the forest management area which is populated with various kinds of rare and endangered species.This issue has been brought to light as a result of the nomination of northern Okinawa Island in 2018 as a candidate for World Natural Heritage site.The nomination has raised public awareness to the possibility of conflicting management objectives between timber extraction and the conservation of habitat for forest-dependent wildlife species.Managing exclusively for one objective over the other may fail to meet the demand for both forest products and wildlife habitat,ultimately jeopardizing the stability of human and wildlife communities.It is therefore important to achieve a better balance between the objective of timber production and conservation of wildlife habitat.Despite the significance of this subject area,current ongoing discussions on how to effectively manage for forest resources,often lack scientific basis to make sound judgement or evaluate tradeoffs between conflicting objectives.Quantifying the effect of these forest management activities on wildlife habitat provides useful and important information needed to make forest management and policy decisions.In this study we develop a spatial timber harvest scheduling model that incorporates habitat suitability index(HSI)models for the Okinawa Rail(Gallirallus okinawae),an endangered avian species found on Okinawa,Japan.To illustrate how the proposed coupling model assembles spatial information,which ultimately aids the study of forest management effects on wildlife habitat,we apply these models to a forest area in Okinawa and conduct a simple simulation analysis.

OPTIMAL HARVESTING POLICY FOR INSHORE-OFFSHORE FISHERY MODEL WITH IMPULSIVE DIFFUSION

This article studies the inshore-offshore fishery model with impulsive diffusion. The existence and global asymptotic stability of both the trivial periodic solution and the positive periodic solution are obtained. The complexity of this system is also analyzed. Moreover, the optimal harvesting policy are given for the inshore subpopulation, which includes the maximum sustainable yield and the corresponding harvesting effort.

基于用户窃听的MU-MISO反向散射通信系统鲁棒资源分配算法

针对反向散射通信系统信道估计不准、信息容易被窃听等问题,该文提出一种基于用户窃听的多用户-多输入单输出(MU-MISO)反向散射通信系统鲁棒资源分配算法,以提高系统传输鲁棒性与信息安全性。首先,考虑基站最大功率、时间分配、信道不确定性、能量收集和保密率等约束,建立一个MU-MISO的反向散射通信系统鲁棒资源分配问题。其次,基于非线性能量收集模型和有界球形信道不确定性模型,利用变量松弛法和S过程将原NP-hard问题转化为确定性问题,随后利用连续凸近似、半正定松弛与块坐标下降法将其转化为凸优化问题求解。仿真结果表明,与传统非鲁棒算法对比,所提算法具有较高的系统容量和较低的中断概率。

贯叶金丝桃(Hypericum perforatum)种子灌浆与发芽特性研究

贯叶金丝桃(Hypericum perforatum)是抗抑郁中药的基原植物,以有性繁殖为主,种子微小。为了揭示贯叶金丝桃种子发育规律,明确种子适宜采收期,以甘肃礼县栽培的2年生贯叶金丝桃为研究对象,于开花后第5天开始,每隔3 d测定种子粒重变化动态,并拟合Logistic曲线方程,最后测定各时期采收种子的发芽指标。结果表明:贯叶金丝桃种子灌浆持续期44 d,籽粒干质量变化符合Logistic生长曲线:开花后第5~11天为渐增期,第11~32天为快增期,第32~44天进入稳增期后略有下降。在灌浆过程中,种子鲜质量呈先升高后下降的动态变化趋势,在花后第32天达到最大值0.2697 g;灌浆速率和脱水速率呈波动趋势,种子干质量与平均灌浆速率、灌浆持续期呈极显著正相关,与含水量呈极显著负相关。种子发芽率和发芽指数在开花后44天达到最大,发芽势在开花后41天达到最大,发芽率、发芽势和发芽指数均与灌浆持续期呈极显著正相关,与含水量呈极显著负相关。以上说明甘肃礼县贯叶金丝桃繁种时以开花后44天左右(8月9日前后)为种子采收适宜期,过早采收和延迟采收均影响种子发芽质量。

芒果采收车机械臂运动特性分析及试验

为提高芒果采收车机械化采摘的适应性,该研究采用多体动力学理论方法对其机械臂的运动特性进行分析。首先,结合芒果生长和农艺特征及采摘机械臂几何构型与向量特性,运用D-H法建立了机械臂运动学模型以探索其运动特性,并进行末端执行器运动轨迹规划。轨迹规划结果表明末端执行器运动平稳,满足芒果采摘运动要求。进一步地,利用拉格朗日法构建了机械臂的动力学模型,对其进行了正逆动力学仿真验证,以深入了解机械臂的关节运动特性。动力学分析结果表明,在恒力矩工况下,伸缩装置和摆动装置的运动呈现一定的周期性,摆动装置、旋转装置角加速度和伸缩装置加速度均约在1.25、2.30、4.15 s达到阶段峰值;在仅做摆动周期运动的情况下,旋转装置、摆动装置所受驱动力矩均近似呈周期性变化,峰值分别为72.5与52 N·mm,且在一个运动周期内,均有两个极大值点。对机械臂结构进行仿真模态计算和模态试验,结果表明前六阶固有频率误差在5%以内,验证了芒果采收车机械臂多体动力学仿真建模的准确性。研究结果可为保证有效实现机械臂的采摘效果及提高其可靠性与稳定性提供依据。

玉米收获机虚拟样机的仿真作业研究

为了实现玉米收获机在虚拟环境中的工况仿真与性能测试,设计了虚拟仿真系统。首先,建立VR工况环境,采用数字函数建立地形模型和地高模型,采用外部引用、实例化和布告板技术实现地物模型;其次,建立收获机运行模型,其中发动机有效功率与转速呈线性分布,有效扭矩与转速成二次关系,建立转向控制模型和制动模型;基于ODE物理引擎建立收获机自身部件相对运动建模,进而完成收获机模型和VR工况模型的交互系统;最后,在虚拟环境中对收获机进行测试,指导改进收获机设计。

带收获率参数生物模型的Bogdanov-Takens分岔

在生物模型中引入收获率参数,通过分析收获率参数发生微小变化时对生物模型稳定性的影响,给出了生物模型在一个小领域内分岔曲线的平面图和Bogdanov-Takens分岔图.

基于改进UNet模型的油茶果振动采摘点定位方法

针对非花果同期油茶果采收效率低这一问题,提出一种侧枝振动采摘点定位方法,通过振动侧枝降低树木损伤并实现高效采收。首先构建数据集,对侧枝分段标注,向UNet中添加CloFormer注意力机制并命名为Clo-UNet,实现侧枝的二维重构。其次,在Clo-UNet基础上进一步设计采摘点定位方法并命名为Clo-UNet-Point,该方法优先选择采收离果实最远且最粗的枝条。试验表明,Clo-UNet在验证集上表现优异,其中br_con(连果枝)、danger(危险区)和br_pro(优先采收区域)的平均交并比mIoU分别达到85.36%、86.37%和81.29%,平均像素精度mPA分别达到94.97%、96.17%和89.48%,Clo-UNet在整个数据集上的mIoU和mPA分别比UNet高5.14、6.85个百分点。通过观察验证集647幅图像,Clo-UNet-Point算法在不同光照条件下均能定位到采摘点,平均检测一张图像用时0.15 s。该研究可为未来非花果同期类油茶果的自动化振动采收奠定理论基础。

振动式高酸苹果采摘机的设计与试验

为提高高酸苹果收获过程中的效率和摘净率,在现有结构基础上,依据摘果原理构建并分析了采摘装置-果树振动动力学模型,对振动夹持装置、减震装置、升降伸缩装置等零部件进行设计和分析。同时,以采摘机激振频率、振幅、夹持高度为影响因素,以摘净率为检测目标,进行响应面分析试验,结果表明:夹持高度对摘净率影响极其显著,激振频率和振幅对摘净率的影响比较显著,激振频率12.594Hz、振幅13.871mm、夹持高度471.438mm为振动式高酸苹果采摘机的最优参数。研究结果可为振动式高酸苹果采摘机的开发研究提供参考。

氮肥对垄沟集雨种植谷子氮素利用效率及产量的影响

【目的】探究垄沟集雨种植模式下谷子的生长、产量对氮肥的响应,以期为黄土高原半干旱区谷子高产高效生产提供理论依据。【方法】于2022—2023年选用陕豫谷3号谷子品种进行大田试验,采用裂区设计,主因素为种植模式(垄沟集雨种植模式,R;传统平作种植模式,T),副因素为施氮量(0 kg·hm^(-2),N0;60 kg·hm^(-2),N1;135 kg·hm^(-2),N2;210 kg·hm^(-2),N3),在不同种植模式下测定谷子旗叶净光合速率、叶绿素相对含量、各生育时期地上部群体干物质积累量、氮素积累量,以及成熟期农艺性状和产量,并计算氮素利用率。【结果】同一施氮量下,与传统平作种植模式相比,垄沟集雨种植模式下谷子旗叶的净光合速率、叶绿素相对含量在降雨较多的2022年仅灌浆期有所提高,在降雨较少的2023年抽穗期、开花期、灌浆期则均有提高,两年间垄沟集雨种植模式均增强了谷子生育中后期的光合能力,延缓叶片衰老;谷子地上部群体干物质积累量、氮素积累量在2022年的拔节期、灌浆期、成熟期有所提高,在2023年各生育时期均有增加,且N1、N2、N3间均无显著性差异,地上部干物质积累量、氮素积累量分别提高了0.6%—39.5%、0.9%—51.1%;籽粒氮素积累量、花后氮素积累量、花后氮素对籽粒贡献率在两年间均有显著增加,满足了谷子全生育期的养分需求,改善了传统平作种植模式下谷子生育后期氮肥供应不足问题;氮肥偏生产力在两年间均有增加,分别提高了3.7%—14.3%、2.8%—27.6%,氮肥农学利用效率在2022年于210 kg·hm^(-2)施氮量下略有降低,氮肥农学利用效率、氮肥利用效率在2023年施氮量超过135 kg·hm^(-2)时均有所降低,三者均随施氮量的增加而降低;谷子穗粗、单穗重在两年间均有提高,穗长则有所下降;产量在两年间均有显著性提高,分别增加了3.7%—14.3%、2.8%—27.6%,在降雨较少的2023年增产效果更为显著,且当施氮量超过60 kg·hm^(-2)时,产量无显著性增加。【结论】在黄土高原半干旱区,垄沟集雨种植模式配施60—135 kg·hm^(-2)氮肥更有利于谷子氮素利用和产量形成。

一类具有收获的共享资源型捕食-食饵模型的建立与分析

本文建立了一类具有线性收获率及Holling Ⅱ型功能反应函数的共享资源型捕食-食饵模型,分析了该系统平衡点的存在性与稳定性。系统可能存在无食饵种群的平衡点,无捕食者种群的平衡点以及正平衡点,通过定性分析得到无食饵种群的平衡点在不同的条件下可以是稳定的平衡点、鞍点或者鞍结点,而无捕食者种群的平衡点始终是鞍点,并给出了正平衡点稳定的条件。最后,对系统进行数值模拟,发现收获率的不同取值可以改变系统的稳定状态。因此,利用理论分析结果可得到在保证生态稳定的前提下人类捕捞的最优收获。

带有时滞和收获的扩散捕食系统的斑图动力学分析

文章研究了一类带有食饵收获效应和时滞的捕食系统的Turing斑图的形成及选择问题。首先利用稳定性理论给出了由交叉扩散项引起的Turing不稳定条件和分支理论分析,得到了系统Turing斑图的存在区域。然后利用Matlab软件对系统Turing斑图的形成和选择结果进行了数值模拟。这为以后带有交叉扩散的时滞反应扩散系统的研究提供了可行的方法,具有广泛的理论应用价值。