Given the tendency of heavy metals to accumulate in soil and plants,the purpose of this study was to determine the contamination.levels of Cd,Ni,Pb,and Zn on peppers(leaves.and fruit),grown in contaminated soils in in...Given the tendency of heavy metals to accumulate in soil and plants,the purpose of this study was to determine the contamination.levels of Cd,Ni,Pb,and Zn on peppers(leaves.and fruit),grown in contaminated soils in industral centers.For this purpose,we measured the uptake of the four heavy metals by peppers grown in the heavy metal contaminated soils throughout the four growth stages:two-leaf,growth,fiowering,and fruiting;and calculated various vegetation indices to evaluate the heavy metal contamination potentials.Electromagnetic waves were also applied for analyzing the responses of the target plants to various heavy metals.Based on the relevant spectral bands identified by principal component analysis(PCA)and random search methods,a regression method was then employed.to determine the most optimal.spectral bands for estimating,the target hazard quotient(THQ).The THQ was found to be the highest in the plants contaminated by Pb(THQ=62)and Zn(THQ=5.07).The results of PCA and random search indicated that the spectra at the bands of b570,b650,and b760 for Pb,b400 and b880 for Ni,b560 and b880 for Cd,and b560 b910,and b1050 for Zn were the most optimal spectra for assessing THQ.Therefore,in future studies,instead of examining the amount of heavy metals in plants by chemical analysis in the laboratory,the responses of the plants to the electromagnetic waves in the identified bands can be redily investigated in the field based on the established correlations.展开更多
To understand the levels of potentially toxic elements(PTEs)contamination in soils and their effects on human health from different agricultural land use in Sanya,China.128 soil samples(64 topsoil samples and correspo...To understand the levels of potentially toxic elements(PTEs)contamination in soils and their effects on human health from different agricultural land use in Sanya,China.128 soil samples(64 topsoil samples and corresponding subsoil samples)were collected from the five representative land-use patterns.Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(ICP-MS),Atomic fluorescence spectrometry(AFS),and Inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry(ICP-OES)were used to determine the content of PTEs(As,Cd,Hg,Cu,Cr,Ni,Pb,Zn,Co,Mo,Sb,and V).Correlation analysis and factor analysis were used to determine the source of PTEs.Geo-accumulation index(I_(geo)),hazard quotient(HQ),and total carcinogenic risk index(TR)were used to measure the PTEs contamination and its relative health impacts.Results showed that the average values of 12 PTEs in topsoil were higher than the Hainan soil geochemical baseline,showing different degrees of PTEs accumulation effect.The concentration of PTEs in the topsoil was lower than those in the subsoil except for Cd and Hg.The I_(geo)revealed that the major accumulated element in soils was As followed by Mo.Source apportionment suggested that parent materials and agricultural practices were the dominant factors for PTEs accumulation in the topsoil.Noncarcinogenic risks of soil samples from five land-use patterns presented a trend of paddy field>dry field>woodland>orchard>garden plot.However,the HQ values of 12 PTEs were less than the recommended limit of HQ=1,representing that there are no non-carcinogenic risks of PTEs for children and adults in the study area.The TR values are within 6.95×10^(-6)-1.38×10^(-5),which corresponds to the low level.Therefore the PTEs in the agricultural soil of the study area show little influence on the health status of the local population.展开更多
A cement factory nearby communities raise pollution concerns. This study assessed air pollution levels for respirable particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM10) and heavy metals (lead, chromium, nickel, cadmium, zinc and cop...A cement factory nearby communities raise pollution concerns. This study assessed air pollution levels for respirable particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM10) and heavy metals (lead, chromium, nickel, cadmium, zinc and copper) adjacent to a cement factory in Ewekoro and neighbouring communities (Papalantoro, Lapeleko and Itori) in Ogun State, Nigeria. Respirable particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM10) and heavy metals were measured using an ARA N-FRM cassette sampler. Each location sampled was monitored for eight continuous hours daily for 12 days. The PM2.5, PM10 and heavy metals results were compared with different standards, including those of the World Health Organization (WHO), Nigeria’s National Environmental Standard and Regulation Enforcement Agency (NESREA) and Canadian Ambient Air Quality Standards (CAAQS). The PM levels fell within 11 - 19 μg/m3 of the air management level of CAAQS, which signifies continuous actions are needed to improve air quality in the areas monitored but below the NESREA standard. The mean Cd, Cr and Ni concentrations in the cement factory area and the impacted neighbourhoods are higher than the WHO/EU permissible limits, while Zn and Cu were below the WHO/EU permissible limit. A risk assessment hazard quotient (HQ) for Cr was above the WHO/EU safe level (=1) in adults and children throµgh ingestion, inhalation and dermal contact at all the monitoring sites. The HQ for Ni and Cd was higher than the safe level in the cement factory area and Papalantoro, while Zn was at safe levels.展开更多
采用盆栽试验,利用开顶式气室(Open Top Chamber,OTC)研究了5个籼稻品种在高、低铜镉复合污染土壤上,CO2浓度升高对水稻生长及吸收Cu、Cd和矿质元素Fe、Zn、Ca、Mn的影响,并对稻米中Cd的安全性进行了评价,了解Cd污染对人类健康的潜在风...采用盆栽试验,利用开顶式气室(Open Top Chamber,OTC)研究了5个籼稻品种在高、低铜镉复合污染土壤上,CO2浓度升高对水稻生长及吸收Cu、Cd和矿质元素Fe、Zn、Ca、Mn的影响,并对稻米中Cd的安全性进行了评价,了解Cd污染对人类健康的潜在风险。结果表明:CO2浓度升高,显著降低了低复合污染土壤上稻米的生物量,而显著增加了高复合污染土壤上的稻米生物量。CO2浓度升高降低了低污染土壤上稻米Cu含量,降低幅度为4.75%—24.49%,增加了高污染土壤上稻米Cu含量,增加幅度为6.60%—40.37%;而稻米Cu的总吸收量在低、高复合污染土壤上均是降低的。低、高复合污染土壤上,CO2浓度升高显著降低了三香优974稻米的Cd含量和吸收量;增加了其他4个品种稻米Cd含量和吸收量。CO2浓度升高对不同品种稻米中Fe、Zn、Ca、Mn含量影响存在显著差异。CO2浓度正常、升高条件下,两种污染土壤上金优463稻米中Cd含量超过食品卫生标准(Cd≤0.2mg/kg),三香优974在正常CO2浓度条件下其稻米Cd含量超过食品卫生标准。在低、高复合污染土壤上,金优463和三香优974稻米中Cd的THQ值均大于1,说明对人体暴露接触的潜在风险比较严重。CO2浓度升高显著降低了三香优974稻米中Cd对人体暴露接触的潜在风险,而对其他4个水稻品种稻米Cd的THQ值影响不明显。展开更多
基金The authors would like to acknowledge the Shiraz University for funding this research(238726-141).
文摘Given the tendency of heavy metals to accumulate in soil and plants,the purpose of this study was to determine the contamination.levels of Cd,Ni,Pb,and Zn on peppers(leaves.and fruit),grown in contaminated soils in industral centers.For this purpose,we measured the uptake of the four heavy metals by peppers grown in the heavy metal contaminated soils throughout the four growth stages:two-leaf,growth,fiowering,and fruiting;and calculated various vegetation indices to evaluate the heavy metal contamination potentials.Electromagnetic waves were also applied for analyzing the responses of the target plants to various heavy metals.Based on the relevant spectral bands identified by principal component analysis(PCA)and random search methods,a regression method was then employed.to determine the most optimal.spectral bands for estimating,the target hazard quotient(THQ).The THQ was found to be the highest in the plants contaminated by Pb(THQ=62)and Zn(THQ=5.07).The results of PCA and random search indicated that the spectra at the bands of b570,b650,and b760 for Pb,b400 and b880 for Ni,b560 and b880 for Cd,and b560 b910,and b1050 for Zn were the most optimal spectra for assessing THQ.Therefore,in future studies,instead of examining the amount of heavy metals in plants by chemical analysis in the laboratory,the responses of the plants to the electromagnetic waves in the identified bands can be redily investigated in the field based on the established correlations.
基金supported by Open Foundation of the Key Laboratory of Coupling Process and Effect of Natural Resources Elements(No.2023KFKTB001)the Science&Technology Fundamental Resources Investigation Program(2022FY101800)+2 种基金the National Nonprofit Institute Research Grant of IGGE(AS2023D01)the projects of the China Geological Survey(DD20230309 and DD20190305)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(42002105)。
文摘To understand the levels of potentially toxic elements(PTEs)contamination in soils and their effects on human health from different agricultural land use in Sanya,China.128 soil samples(64 topsoil samples and corresponding subsoil samples)were collected from the five representative land-use patterns.Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(ICP-MS),Atomic fluorescence spectrometry(AFS),and Inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry(ICP-OES)were used to determine the content of PTEs(As,Cd,Hg,Cu,Cr,Ni,Pb,Zn,Co,Mo,Sb,and V).Correlation analysis and factor analysis were used to determine the source of PTEs.Geo-accumulation index(I_(geo)),hazard quotient(HQ),and total carcinogenic risk index(TR)were used to measure the PTEs contamination and its relative health impacts.Results showed that the average values of 12 PTEs in topsoil were higher than the Hainan soil geochemical baseline,showing different degrees of PTEs accumulation effect.The concentration of PTEs in the topsoil was lower than those in the subsoil except for Cd and Hg.The I_(geo)revealed that the major accumulated element in soils was As followed by Mo.Source apportionment suggested that parent materials and agricultural practices were the dominant factors for PTEs accumulation in the topsoil.Noncarcinogenic risks of soil samples from five land-use patterns presented a trend of paddy field>dry field>woodland>orchard>garden plot.However,the HQ values of 12 PTEs were less than the recommended limit of HQ=1,representing that there are no non-carcinogenic risks of PTEs for children and adults in the study area.The TR values are within 6.95×10^(-6)-1.38×10^(-5),which corresponds to the low level.Therefore the PTEs in the agricultural soil of the study area show little influence on the health status of the local population.
文摘A cement factory nearby communities raise pollution concerns. This study assessed air pollution levels for respirable particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM10) and heavy metals (lead, chromium, nickel, cadmium, zinc and copper) adjacent to a cement factory in Ewekoro and neighbouring communities (Papalantoro, Lapeleko and Itori) in Ogun State, Nigeria. Respirable particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM10) and heavy metals were measured using an ARA N-FRM cassette sampler. Each location sampled was monitored for eight continuous hours daily for 12 days. The PM2.5, PM10 and heavy metals results were compared with different standards, including those of the World Health Organization (WHO), Nigeria’s National Environmental Standard and Regulation Enforcement Agency (NESREA) and Canadian Ambient Air Quality Standards (CAAQS). The PM levels fell within 11 - 19 μg/m3 of the air management level of CAAQS, which signifies continuous actions are needed to improve air quality in the areas monitored but below the NESREA standard. The mean Cd, Cr and Ni concentrations in the cement factory area and the impacted neighbourhoods are higher than the WHO/EU permissible limits, while Zn and Cu were below the WHO/EU permissible limit. A risk assessment hazard quotient (HQ) for Cr was above the WHO/EU safe level (=1) in adults and children throµgh ingestion, inhalation and dermal contact at all the monitoring sites. The HQ for Ni and Cd was higher than the safe level in the cement factory area and Papalantoro, while Zn was at safe levels.
文摘采用盆栽试验,利用开顶式气室(Open Top Chamber,OTC)研究了5个籼稻品种在高、低铜镉复合污染土壤上,CO2浓度升高对水稻生长及吸收Cu、Cd和矿质元素Fe、Zn、Ca、Mn的影响,并对稻米中Cd的安全性进行了评价,了解Cd污染对人类健康的潜在风险。结果表明:CO2浓度升高,显著降低了低复合污染土壤上稻米的生物量,而显著增加了高复合污染土壤上的稻米生物量。CO2浓度升高降低了低污染土壤上稻米Cu含量,降低幅度为4.75%—24.49%,增加了高污染土壤上稻米Cu含量,增加幅度为6.60%—40.37%;而稻米Cu的总吸收量在低、高复合污染土壤上均是降低的。低、高复合污染土壤上,CO2浓度升高显著降低了三香优974稻米的Cd含量和吸收量;增加了其他4个品种稻米Cd含量和吸收量。CO2浓度升高对不同品种稻米中Fe、Zn、Ca、Mn含量影响存在显著差异。CO2浓度正常、升高条件下,两种污染土壤上金优463稻米中Cd含量超过食品卫生标准(Cd≤0.2mg/kg),三香优974在正常CO2浓度条件下其稻米Cd含量超过食品卫生标准。在低、高复合污染土壤上,金优463和三香优974稻米中Cd的THQ值均大于1,说明对人体暴露接触的潜在风险比较严重。CO2浓度升高显著降低了三香优974稻米中Cd对人体暴露接触的潜在风险,而对其他4个水稻品种稻米Cd的THQ值影响不明显。
