Headspace Solid-Phase Micro-Extraction Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry(HS-SPME-GC/MS)-Based Untargeted Metabolomics Analysis for Comparing the Volatile Components from 12 Panax Herbal Medicines

Quality control of ginseng currently is mainly based on ginsenoside analysis,but rarely focuses on the volatile organic components.In the current work,an untargeted metabolomics approach,by headspace solid-phase micro-extraction gas chromatography/mass spectrometry(HS-SPME-GC/MS),was elaborated and further employed to holistically compare the compositional difference of the volatile components simultaneously from 12 Panax herbal medicines,which included P.ginseng(PG),P.quinquefolius(PQ),P.notoginseng(PN),red ginseng(PGR),P.ginseng leaf(PGL),P.quinquefolius leaf(PQL),P.notoginseng leaf(PNL),P.ginseng flower(PGF),P.quinquefolius flower(PQF),P.notoginseng flower(PNF),P.japonicus(PJ),and P.japonicus var.major(PJvm).Chromatographic separation was performed on an HP-5MS elastic quartz capillary column using helium as the carrier gas,enabling good resolution within 1 h.We were able to characterize totally 259 volatile compounds,including 82 terpenes(T),46 alcohols(Alc),29 ketones(K),25 aldehydes(Ald),21 esters(E),and the others.By analyzing 90 batches of ginseng samples based on the untargeted metabolomics workflows,236 differential ions were unveiled,and accordingly 36 differential volatile components were discovered.It is the first report that simultaneously compares the compositional difference of volatile components among 12 Panax herbal medicines,and useful information is provided for the quality control of ginseng aside from the well-known ginsenosides.

基于HS-GC-IMS和HS-SPME-GC-MS的蛋白酶对豆粕挥发性风味的影响分析

为研究不同蛋白酶酶解对豆粕挥发性风味成分的影响,选用4种蛋白酶(碱性蛋白酶、中性蛋白酶、木瓜蛋白酶、风味蛋白酶)对豆粕进行酶解,采用顶空-气相色谱-离子迁移谱(Headspace-gas chromatography-ion mobility spectroscopy,HS-GC-IMS)和顶空固相微萃取-气相色谱-质谱(Headspace solid phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry,HS-SPME-GC-MS)联用技术分析不同豆粕酶解物(Soybean meal hydrolysates,SMH)的挥发性风味成分,并结合主成分分析(Principal component analysis,PCA)、热图聚类和正交偏最小二乘判别法(Orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis,OPLS-DA)对不同SMH进行分析。结果表明:碱性蛋白酶、中性蛋白酶、木瓜蛋白酶和风味蛋白酶酶解豆粕的挥发性风味成分存在较大差异。HS-GC-IMS鉴定出84种挥发性成分,筛选得到33种差异风味物质,发现酶解后酮类物质显著降低而醛类、醇类和酯类物质含量明显增加。PCA结果表明不同SMH之间的风味存在显著差异。最终通过OPLS-DA筛选出贡献较大的挥发性化合物,同时构建出可靠的用以鉴别SMH的模型。HS-SPME-GC-MS检测出103种差异风味物质,可用于区分不同SMH,被检出的挥发性组分中醛类、醇类和酮类等化合物为SMH风味的形成做出主要贡献,明晰了部分风味化合物形成的原因。PCA和聚类热图结果表明不同蛋白酶酶解对豆粕的挥发性风味物质的种类和含量有显著影响,其中,风味蛋白酶和木瓜蛋白酶对豆粕的风味改善最为显著。

探讨NLR、PLR、hs-CRP、Hb、D-D与ACI非溶栓治疗后出血性转化的相关性分析

目的 探讨急性脑梗死患者(ACI)非溶栓治疗前血清中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比值(NLR)、血小板与淋巴细胞比值(PLR)、超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)、血红蛋白(Hb)、D-二聚体(D-D)与治疗后出血性转化(HT)的相关性,以期为临床预防ACI非溶栓治疗后发生提供指导依据。方法 本研究病历组(设为转化组)共纳入80例样本,选取自2015年1月至2019年12月在吉林大学第一医院检验科接受非溶栓治疗后并出现HT的ACI患者,根据HT严重程度等级化分1级、2级、3级、4级,各严重程度患者分别为27例、22例、18例、13例。选取50例在接受非溶栓治疗后未出现HT的ACI患者作为对照(非转化组)。比较各组的血清NLR、PLR、hs-CRP、Hb、D-D表达水平差异,并通过Spearman秩相关检验分析NLR、PLR、hs-CRP、Hb、D-D与HT严重程度的相关性。并采用ROC曲线分析NLR、PLR、hsCRP、Hb、D-D对ACI患者HT的预测作用。结果 转化组的血清NLR、PLR、hs-CRP、D-D表达水平均高于非转化组,Hb的表达水平低于非转化组(均P<0.05)。1级、2级、3级、4级患者的血清NLR、PLR、hs-CRP、D-D表达水平依次上升,Hb表达水平依次降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),且组间两两比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。ACI非溶栓治疗后HT严重程度与血清NLR、PLR、hs-CRP、D-D均呈正相关(r值分别为:0.729、0.692、0.601、0.578,均P<0.05),与Hb呈负相关(r值为:-0.678,P<0.05)。ROC曲线分析显示,NLR的AUC值为0.896[95%CI(0.737~0.962)]、PLR的AUC值为0.775 [95%CI(0.626~0.917)]、hs-CRP的AUC值为0.840 [95%CI(0.712~0.948)]、Hb的AUC值为0.782 [95%CI(0.493~0.914)]、D-D的AUC值为0.725 [95%CI(0.403~0.852)]。结论 ACI患者的NLR值、PLR值、hs-CRP、Hb、D-D表达水平与其在非溶栓治疗后发生HT存在相关性,临床上可将这些指标作为预测HT风险。

HS-GC-MS联用测定河南传统西瓜豆酱中的挥发性成分

以河南传统发酵的西瓜豆酱为研究对象,采用自动顶空进样-气质联用(HS-GC-MS)法测定其挥发性成分。通过单因素试验分别考察了平衡温度、平衡时间、震动频率及样品氯化钠的添加量对挥发性成分的影响。结果表明,平衡温度90℃,平衡时间50 min,震动频率6次/秒,不添加氯化钠为测定较优条件。在此条件下,鉴定出自然发酵西瓜豆酱中挥发性成分有10类共82种,其中醇类12种,酯类10种,烯烃类14种,醛类6种,酮类8种,醚类4种,酸类1种,烷烃类10,含N化合物7种和其他10种。相对含量较高的是烯烃类、醛类和醇类,分别为23.848%,22.537%和19.743%,三者之和占挥发性成分总量的66.12%,其次是酯类和酮类,分别占11.945%和6.839%,这三种成分对河南传统西瓜豆酱的特征风味起着至关重要的作用。

15-15hs Max材料枪钻加工的钻削力和切屑分析

高氮奥氏体不锈钢15-15hs Max具有优秀的耐蚀性、良好的综合力学性能,但切削加工性差,属于一种难加工材料。以某石油钻探部件为研究对象,对15-15hs Max的加工特性进行分析,通过对15-15hs Max钻削过程的有限元仿真,分析其加工过程中的钻削力和切屑形态的变化。仿真结果表明:钻削力会随着钻入深度的增加而增加,当切削刃全部参与切削时钻削力达到稳定,加工过程中形成的切屑为向上弯曲的螺旋状切屑。在保证加工孔质量及加工效率条件下,得出了一组较为合理的钻削参数。

Determination of Aromatic Components of Rosa davurica Pall. by Headspace Solid Phase Microextraction Combined with GC-MS

[Objectives] To determine the aromatic components of Rosa davurica Pall. [Methods] 42 kinds of aromatic components were identified from the flowers of R. davurica by headspace solid phase microextraction( HS-SPME) combined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry( GC-MS). The main compounds were alcohols( 54. 88%) and aldehydes( 19. 55%). [Results] The top five components with the highest relative content were phenylethyl alcohol( 12. 69%),geraniol( 9. 85%),citronellol( 8. 80%),nerol( 7. 84%) and 2-n-pentylfuran( 7. 45%). [Conclusions] Headspace solid phase microextraction( HS-SPME) combined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry( GC-MS) can provide basis for further development and utilization of R. davurica.

Integration of GC-MS Based Non-Targeted Metabolic Profiling with Headspace Solid Phase Microextraction Enhances the Understanding of Volatile Differentiation in Tobacco Leaves from North Carolina, India and Brazil

In this report, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) based non-targeted metabolomics is used to develop appropriate headspace solid phase microextractions (HS-SPME) to enhance the understanding of volatile complexity of flue-cured tobacco leaves. Non-targeted metabolic profiling of GC-MS shows that the extraction condition of HS-SPME at 100?C for 30 min provides a better metabolite profile than other extraction conditions tested. GC-MS and principal component analyses (PCA) show that among five types of fibers tested, 100 μm polydimethylsiloxane (PMDS), 65 μm polydimethylsiloxane/divinylbenzene (PMDS/DVB) and 75 μm carboxen/polydimethylsiloxane (CAR/ PMS) provide a better reproducible metabolite profile. Based on an appropriate PDMS extraction condition optimized, we use GC-MS analysis and PCA to compare metabolite profiles in flue-cured leaves of tobacco plants grown in North Carolina, India and Brazil, respectively. The resulting data of PCA show that the global metabolic profiles in North Carolina samples are separated from those in Brazil and India samples, two groups of which are characterized by a partially overlapped pattern. Several peaks that were differentially accumulated in samples were annotated to known metabolites by deconvolution analysis, such as norsolanadione, solavetivone and rishtin. Norsolanadione is detected only in Brazil samples. Solavetivone is detected in samples of India and Brazil but not in those of North Carolina. Rishtin is detected in samples of North Carolina and India but not in Brazil samples. These data indicate that not only can a non-targeted metabolic profiling approach enhance the understanding of volatile complexity, but also can identify marker volatile metabolites in tobacco leaves produced in different growth regions.

Multiple responses optimization in the development of a headspace gas chromatography method for the determination of residual solvents in pharmaceuticals

An efficient generic static headspace gas chromatography （HSGC） method was developed, optimized and validated for the routine determination of several residual solvents （RS） in drug substance, using a strategy with two sets of calibration. Dimethylsulfoxide （DMSO） was selected as the sample diluent and internal standards were used to minimize signal variations due to the preparative step. A gas chroma- tograph from Agilent Model 6890 equipped with flame ionization detector （FID） and a DB-624 （30 m × 0.53 mm i.d., 3.00 μm film thickness） column was used. The inlet split ratio was 5：1. The influ- encing factors in the chromatographic separation of the analytes were determined through a fractional factorial experimental design. Significant variables： the initial temperature （IT）, the final temperature （FT） of the oven and the carrier gas flow rate （F） were optimized using a central composite design. Response transformation and desirability function were applied to find out the optimal combination of the chromatographic variables to achieve an adequate resolution of the analytes and short analysis time. These conditions were 30 ℃ for IT, 158 ℃ for FT and 1.90 mL/min for F. The method was proven to be accurate, linear in a wide range and very sensitive for the analyzed solvents through a comprehensive validation according to the ICH guidelines.

Analysis of Residual Solvents in Annatto Extracts Using a Static Headspace Gas Chromatography Method

An analytical method for the quantification of residual solvents in annatto extracts, natural food colorants, was established using a static headspace gas chromatography (HSGC) coupled with a flame ionization detector (FID). As a sample diluent in a headspace sampling, dimethylformamide (DMF) was selected owing to its high capacity for dissolving both bixin-based and norbixin-based annatto extracts. The quantification of residual solvents was performed using the external standard method. The linearity of the calibration curves was assured with relative coefficients (R2) that were greater than 0.999. The recoveries of all standard solvents spiked in the annatto extracts were in the range from 95.1% to 107.1% to verify the accuracy and the relative standard deviation (RSD%) values (n = 3) were in the range from 0.57% to 3.31%. The quantification limits (QL) were sufficiently lower than the limits specified by Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA). With the established HSGC method, six residual solvents (methanol, ethanol, 2-propanol, acetone, ethyl acetate, and hexane) in 23 commercial annatto-extract products that consist of seven bixin-based and 16 norbixin-based products were quantified. The levels of residual ethyl acetate and hexane in all products were lower than the specified limits of JECFA. However, three samples of bixin-based products showed higher levels of residual 2-propanol (approximately 313.9 - 427.7 ppm) than the specified limit. Other bixin products also showed higher concentrations of residual methanol (approximately 166.6 - 394.7 ppm) and residual acetone (approximately 75.2 - 179.8 ppm) than the limits of JECFA. In the case of norbixin-based products, nine samples showed higher levels of residual acetone (approximately 42.6 - 139.5 ppm) than the limits of JECFA. This is the first survey of residual solvents in annatto extracts using the validated HSGC method.

hs-CRP、CCL2、CCL3与新生儿细菌感染病情关系及疗效预测价值

目的探讨超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)、趋化因子CC基序配体(CCL)、CCL3与新生儿细菌感染病情关系及疗效预测价值。方法选取2021年1月至2023年1月廊坊市人民医院收治的70例新生儿细菌感染患儿作为细菌感染组,另按照1∶1比例选取70例新生儿病毒感染患儿、70例非感染性新生儿分别作为病毒感染组、对照组。比较3组及细菌感染组不同病情程度患儿入院时血清hs-CRP、CCL2、CCL3,比较细菌感染组不同疗效患儿血清各指标,绘制受试者工作特征曲线(ROC)分析血清各指标对治疗效果预测效能,用相对危险度(RR)分析血清各指标不同表达对新生儿细菌感染治疗效果的影响。结果细菌感染组、病毒感染组入院时血清hs-CRP、CCL2、CCL3表达均高于对照组(P<0.05);细菌感染中重症患儿入院时血清hs-CRP、CCL2、CCL3表达高于轻症患儿(P<0.05),入院时及入院24 h、第3天、第5天无效亚组血清hs-CRP、CCL2、CCL3表达均高于有效亚组(P<0.05);入院时及入院24 h、第3天、第5天血清hs-CRP、CCL2、CCL3联合预测新生儿细菌感染疗效价值优于各时间点的单一指标预测效能,其中入院24 h各指标联合预测AUC最大;以入院24 h各指标截断值为界分为高表达、低表达,hs-CRP、CCL2、CCL3高表达患儿治疗无效风险是低表达患儿的3.577倍、3.357倍、2.630倍。结论在新生儿细菌感染血清中hs-CRP、CCL2、CCL3高表达,且与患儿病情程度、治疗效果密切相关,3者血清各指标联合在预测患儿治疗效果中具有良好的参考价值。

Flash Evaporation and Headspace Solid-phase Microextraction for the Analysis of the Essential Oils in Traditional Chinese Medicine,Houttuynia Cordata Thunb

We have investigated the use of flash evaporation, headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) and steam distillation (SD) as sample concentration and preparation techniques for the analysis of volatile constituents present in Houttuynia cordata Thunb. The samples were analyzed by gas chromatography (GC) and identified by mass spectrometry (MS). Comparison studies were performed. It was found that the results obtained between Headspace solid-phase microextraction HS-SPME and SD techniques were in good agreement. Seventy-nine compounds in Houttuynia cordata Thunb were identified by MS. In flash evaporation, thirty-nine compounds were identified. Discrimination in the response for many constituents studied was not observed, which can be clearly observed in SD and HS-SPME techniques. As a conclusion, HS-SPME is a powerful tool for determining the volatile constitutes present in the Houttuynia cordata.

Application Progress of Headspace Gas Chromatography in Analytical Chemistry

This paper briefly expounds the basic principle and classification of headspace gas chromatography,summarizes its application in food analysis,environmental analysis and medical analysis,and forecasts the application prospect of headspace gas chromatography in analytical chemistry in the future.

基于HS-SPME-GC-MS与电子鼻分析芹菜贮藏期间挥发性物质的变化

采用顶空固相微萃取技术结合气相色谱-质谱联用(headspace solid phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry,HS-SPME-GC-MS)和电子鼻技术分析了20.0℃贮藏期间芹菜叶片挥发性物质的组成和含量的变化。结果显示,采用HS-SPME-GC-MS技术从芹菜中共检测到108种挥发性物质,单萜类(43.2%~52.92%)和苯酞类(19.93%~28.97%)为主要组分,其中D-柠檬烯含量丰富(6600.64~48566.12μg/kg)。新鲜芹菜总挥发性物质含量为165682.48μg/kg,贮藏9 d后含量下降了40.92%,单萜类和苯酞类物质分别下降了9.72%和上升了8.98%。OAV分析结果表明芹菜叶片中共有31种OAV>1的特征挥发性物质,0~7 d特征挥发性物质有31种且组成相同,第9 d特征挥发性物质减少至29种,贮藏期间总OAV值呈下降趋势。聚类分析结果表明,0~3 d芹菜叶片以薄荷香和青草香为主,第7 d具有甜香、木香和樟脑香,第9 d后以辛辣和药草气味为主。基于电子鼻检测结果的主成分分析可以清晰区分不同贮藏时间芹菜叶片的香气,基于Pearson相关性分析,引起电子鼻响应值变化的物质主要是芹菜中萜类、醇类、芳香型挥发性物质(r≥0.80,P<0.05)。本研究的结果阐明了贮藏期间芹菜叶片挥发性物质组成和含量的变化规律,为贮藏期间芹菜新鲜度的判断提供了理论基础。

基于HS-GC-IMS分析陇南主栽品种初榨橄榄油的风味特征成分

旨在为我国甘肃陇南产区初榨橄榄油(VOO)的快速鉴别以及工业生产过程中的风味品质评价提供数据支撑和理论依据,采用HS-GC-IMS技术对甘肃陇南主栽品种莱星(LX)、佛奥(FO)、科拉蒂(KLD)、皮削利(PXL)、鄂植8号(EZ8)以及LX与KLD的混合品种(HH)6种VOO中的风味特征成分进行定性和差异分析。结果表明:6种VOO中共检测出39种风味特征物质,定性出22种,其中醛类(9种)、酮类(5种)化合物为主要的风味特征成分,此外还包括酯类(3种)、醇类(3种)、萜烯类(1种)和呋喃类(1种)等物质;6种VOO中含有的风味特征物质均存在不同程度的差异,其中,LX、KLD和HH中的风味特征物质较为相似,其2-甲基丁醛、3-甲基丁醛、(E)-2-戊烯醛、辛醛和2-正戊基呋喃含量较高,FO中的正戊醇、正己醛和3-戊酮含量较高,PXL中的(Z)-3-己烯乙酸酯、α-松油烯、2-己酮的含量较高,EZ8中的乙酸乙酯含量最高,HH中的2-丁酮、丙酮、(E)-2-庚烯醛的含量较高。综上,采用HS-GC-IMS可以有效检测VOO中的风味特征物质,定性出的风味特征物质可作为区分6种VOO的依据之一。

基于电子鼻、HS-SPME-GC-MS和HS-GC-IMS评价不同制油工艺对大豆油品质及风味的影响

为探究不同制油工艺(冷榨法、浸出法、冷榨-浸出法)对三级大豆油品质及风味的影响,测定了大豆油的理化性质及脂肪酸组成,分别采用电子鼻、顶空-固相微萃取-气相色谱-质谱(headspace-solid phase microextraction-gaschromatography-massspectrometry,HS-SPME-GC-MS)法和顶空-气相色谱-离子迁移谱(headspace-gas chromatography-ion mobility spectroscopy,HS-GC-IMS)法鉴定3种豆油中挥发性化合物,并借助聚类热图、主成分分析(principal component analysis,PCA)和正交偏最小二乘判别分析(orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis,OPLS-DA)对3种豆油的挥发性化合物数据进行差异分析。结果表明,冷榨型豆油的水分含量最低,浸出型豆油过氧化值显著偏高且油脂色泽最深;浓香型豆油中亚油酸含量最多,营养价值更高;被检出的挥发性组分中,醇类、醛类以及吡嗪类化合物为豆油风味的形成做出主要贡献,明晰了部分风味化合物形成的原因。最终通过OPLS-DA筛选出45种贡献较大的挥发性化合物,同时构建可靠的用以鉴别浓香型豆油的模型。此外,发现豆油的品质与风味之间存在一定的相关性。

Analysis of volatile organic compounds emitted from aircraft carpets:comparison using headspace and dynamic chamber tests

Volatile organic compounds(VOCs) emitted from three types of carpets used in aircrafts were compared by using headspace and dynamic chamber tests. The headspace samples contained many compounds that were not detected in the dynamic chamber test; in addition, the dominant VOCs found by these two methods were different. The findings indicate that for highly sorptive materials such as carpets, headspace analysis may give inaccurate indication of actual VOC emissions, and it is necessary to conduct dynamic chamber tests over a certain period of time in order to identify the true emission characteristics. From the dynamic chamber tests, 2-ethyl-1-hexanol was the main VOC emitted from all three carpets. The study also examined the emission characteristics of aircraft carpets. In all experiments, total VOC(TVOC) concentration peaked within a few hours after the start of the experiment and was followed by rapid decay. The emission parameters of TVOC emitted by all three carpets were calculated and the simulated data matched the measured data well.

HS-SPME-GC-MS与ROAV相结合的4种柑橘果皮精油关键香气物质分析

采用顶空-固相微萃取-气相色谱质谱联用法(HS-SPME-GC-MS)对4种柑橘果皮精油挥发性物质的组成和含量进行分析鉴定,结合相对气味活度值(Relative Odor Activity Value,ROAV)对4种柑橘果皮精油中的关键香气成分进行分析,以期为柑橘果皮精油品质评价与发掘特殊香气柑橘精油提供依据。结果表明,4种柑橘果皮精油共鉴定出62种挥发性成分,包括13种单萜、14种倍半萜、5种烷烃、12种醇类、8种醛类、4种酯类、3种酮类、2种醚类和1种酸类。4种柑橘果皮精油均以单萜化合物相对含量最高(83.00%~91.93%)。按照化合物组成,可将4种柑橘分为2个化学类型:柠檬烯/γ-萜品烯型和柠檬烯/3-蒈烯型。ROAV法从4种柑橘果皮精油中筛选出24种关键香气物质,其中北京柠檬果皮精油中风味贡献最大的物质为紫苏醛,关键香气物质共10种;温州蜜柑、酸橙和枳雀果皮精油中风味贡献最大的物质均为芳樟醇,关键香气物质分别为12种、20种和20种。这些关键香气物质对柑橘果皮精油的香气品质起着重要的作用。

Theoretical and numerical investigations on the headspace of cartridge cases considering axial deformation and movement

The cartridge case headspace is the axial clearance between the cartridge and bolt of an automatic weapon,and influences the reliability and security of the weapon.Accordingly,theoretical and numerical studies were conducted to analyze the dynamic response of cartridge cases during internal impact considering the initial radial clearances between the cartridge case and chamber.A theoretical model was proposed to predict the cartridge case headspace considering both the deformation and movement of the cartridge case and confirmed by the results of nonlinear finite element simulations.The differences between the results of the conventional static model and the dynamic model were then comprehensively evaluated.The effects of the angle between the cartridge and chamber,the cartridge case material,and the intermal impact pressure on the predicted headspace value were also analyzed.The dynamic response of the cartridge case predicted by the dynamic model was more accurate than that predicted by the conventional static model.The internal impact pressure,pressure change rate,and cartridge material were all found to affect the predicted headspace.

HS-GC-MS结合ROAV分析不同品种橘红花挥发性成分

目的:系统研究不同品种橘红花挥发性成分差异和香气特征。方法:利用顶空-气相色谱-质谱法(HSGC-MS)对4个品种(“光青”“假西洋”“密叶正毛”和“黄龙正毛”)共40批橘红花的挥发性成分进行检测,结合相对气味活度值(ROAV)分析其中的关键香气成分。采用多元统计分析筛选不同品种橘红花显著性差异成分和特征香气成分。结果:HS-GC-MS检测结果显示,从4个品种橘红花中共鉴定出40个挥发性成分,主要包括烯烃类、醇类、酯类、酮类和醛类,其中以柠檬烯、β-月桂烯、芳樟醇、反式-橙花叔醇等为共有且含量较高的成分。通过ROAV确定了4个品种橘红花共有关键香气成分8个。挥发性成分差异分析结果显示,21个差异标志物可用于品种判别,其中β-蒎烯是“假西洋”的特征香气成分,芳樟醇是“密叶正毛”的特征香气成分,苯乙醛、反式-橙花叔醇和邻氨基苯甲酸甲酯是“黄龙正毛”的特征香气成分。结论:HS-GC-MS结合ROAV系统分析可区分不同品种橘红花并鉴定差异性的特征香气成分,该方法可为橘红花的品种判别和资源综合开发利用提供参考。

多元统计分析结合HS-GC-MS对单粮复合香型白酒挥发性特征差异的分析

采用感官定量描述分析法(SQDA)对A(JA1~JA3)、B(JB1~JB3)、C(JC1~JC3)三组复合香型白酒9个样品的风味结构进行分析,结果表明:三组复合香型白酒在香气评分上差异不显著,粮香、焦香、麦芽香突出,在口感评分上差异显著,A组白酒各维度口感评分高于其他两组。采用顶空-气相色谱质谱联用技术(HS-GC-MS)对3种白酒挥发性化合物组成进行检测分析,共检测到148种挥发性物质。相关性分析结果显示,异丁醛、3-甲基呋喃、二甲基二硫醚、巴豆酸、环氧丙烷、丙烯醛和草酸只在A组白酒中被检测出来,丁酸乙酯在B组白酒中含量最高,JA3中含量偏低,表明3组白酒样品间存在明显的风味物质种类和含量差异。同步结合特征差异代谢物分析挖掘出74个VIP>1的潜在差异代谢物,A vs B组、A vs C组、B vs C组分别有14种、7种、4种化合物呈现极显著性差异(p<0.01),这些含量具有显著差异性的化合物可能与复合香型白酒风味特征的差异具有重要联系。综上所述,本研究采用两种技术协同分析,获得了3种白酒更全面的挥发性风味信息,解析了三组复合香型白酒的风味结构特征及差异,为深入研究复合香型白酒风味形成的机理奠定了基础。