Objective:To provide insight into the effects of the coronavirus disease(COVID-19)pandemic on the physical and psychological health of critical care nurses in adult units.Methods:A systematic search through the CINAHL...Objective:To provide insight into the effects of the coronavirus disease(COVID-19)pandemic on the physical and psychological health of critical care nurses in adult units.Methods:A systematic search through the CINAHL,MEDLINE,and EMbase databases were performed.Studies that addressed“critical care nurses,”“COVID-19,”“physical effect,”and“psychological effect”from different perspectives were reviewed.Results:A total of 42 ar ticles were reviewed based on 2 aspects:critical care nurses'psychological and physical health.Negative emotions were the most common conditions:fear,anxiety,depression,and post-traumatic stress disorder(PTSD).Burnout,falling ill and having thoughts of self-harm,fatigue,physical burden,sleeping disorders,and chronic work overload also adversely affected the nurses'health.The nurses'health deteriorated because of the changes in the unfamiliar working environment and processes,colossal workload and chronic exhaustion,worries about themselves and their families,social response,and witnessing the death toll.Conclusions:Critical care nurses experienced adverse effects of the institutional reaction,social response,and individuals'reply to the COVID-19 pandemic upon their psychological and physical health.Suppor ting services and preparation for other unprecedented situations should be sustainably available.展开更多
Given that physical restraints cause adverse effects to patients and nurses,their wide and frequent use has resulted in various clinical and ethical controversies in mental health services.The rate of physical restrai...Given that physical restraints cause adverse effects to patients and nurses,their wide and frequent use has resulted in various clinical and ethical controversies in mental health services.The rate of physical restraints is significantly higher in China than in other countries.Some western and domestic media blamed relevant institutions for compromising the basic rights of psychiatric patients.Therefore,this study aims to collect and synthesize the relevant ethical evidence and to provide corresponding guidance for the nursing practice based on the current situation of the mainland of China.This study synthesized the ethical issue according to the ethical principle of autonomy,justice,beneficence,and nonmaleficence.Given the current situation where the nursing workforce is limited and the mental health service is under-developed in China,applying physical restraints in the psychiatric inpatients to guarantee the safety of patients and nurses is crucial.In regard to respect the basic rights of psychiatric patients,it is recommended to protect the their autonomy,and eliminate the adverse effects of physical restraint.This goal would be achieved by ensuring the informed consent,providing humane care,and regulating the implementation of physical restraints.展开更多
Although the observed progress in the cardiovascular disease treatment, the incidence of new and recurrent coronary artery disease remains elevated and constitutes the leading cause of death in the developed countries...Although the observed progress in the cardiovascular disease treatment, the incidence of new and recurrent coronary artery disease remains elevated and constitutes the leading cause of death in the developed countries. Three-quarters of deaths due to cardiovascular diseases could be prevented with adequate changes in lifestyle, including increased daily physical activity. New evidence confirms that there is an inverse dose-response relationship between physical activity and cardiovascular disease and mortality risk. However, participation in moderate to vigorous physical activity may not fully attenuate the independent effect of sedentary activities on increased risk for cardiovascular diseases. Physical activity also plays an important role in secondary prevention of cardiovascular diseases by reducing the impact of the disease, slowing its progress and preventing recurrence. Nonetheless, most of eligible cardiovascular patients still do not benefit from secondary prevention/cardiac rehabilitation programs. The present review draws attention to the importance of physical activity in the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular diseases. It also addresses the mechanisms by which physical activity and regular exercise can improve cardiovascular health and reduce the burden of the disease.展开更多
There are many deaths occurring among the aged population in Japan. Geriatric Health Service Facilities (GHSFs) are highlighted as some of the chosen facilities designated as sites of death. The aim of our study was t...There are many deaths occurring among the aged population in Japan. Geriatric Health Service Facilities (GHSFs) are highlighted as some of the chosen facilities designated as sites of death. The aim of our study was to clarify the characteristics and related factors, including physical signs first noticed by staff at the end-of-life period, in GHSFs designated as sites of death, using a nationwide survey in Japan. We administered a questionnaire to 3971 GHSFs in Japan. Eligible responses for the study were obtained from 854 GHSFs. We found that GHSFs designated as sites of death were more likely to have basic policies and documented preferences regarding end-of-life care. We also found that staff members in GHSFs designated as sites of death were less likely to first notice physical signs of pain. We found that GHSFs designated as sites of death tended to identify earlier symptoms, such as reduced oral intake and less vigor. Our results would enable elderly persons, their families, and staff in GHSFs to prepare for the elderly’s death more efficiently though earlier identification of the end-of-life period. We hope that GHSFs have an important role to play in end-of-life care provision to elderly persons in Japan, through the strengthening of these intermediate facilities.展开更多
文摘Objective:To provide insight into the effects of the coronavirus disease(COVID-19)pandemic on the physical and psychological health of critical care nurses in adult units.Methods:A systematic search through the CINAHL,MEDLINE,and EMbase databases were performed.Studies that addressed“critical care nurses,”“COVID-19,”“physical effect,”and“psychological effect”from different perspectives were reviewed.Results:A total of 42 ar ticles were reviewed based on 2 aspects:critical care nurses'psychological and physical health.Negative emotions were the most common conditions:fear,anxiety,depression,and post-traumatic stress disorder(PTSD).Burnout,falling ill and having thoughts of self-harm,fatigue,physical burden,sleeping disorders,and chronic work overload also adversely affected the nurses'health.The nurses'health deteriorated because of the changes in the unfamiliar working environment and processes,colossal workload and chronic exhaustion,worries about themselves and their families,social response,and witnessing the death toll.Conclusions:Critical care nurses experienced adverse effects of the institutional reaction,social response,and individuals'reply to the COVID-19 pandemic upon their psychological and physical health.Suppor ting services and preparation for other unprecedented situations should be sustainably available.
基金funded by the grant of the Scientific Research Project of the Twelfth Five-year Plan Internal Medicine of the Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Grant Number:GBH2014-HL07).
文摘Given that physical restraints cause adverse effects to patients and nurses,their wide and frequent use has resulted in various clinical and ethical controversies in mental health services.The rate of physical restraints is significantly higher in China than in other countries.Some western and domestic media blamed relevant institutions for compromising the basic rights of psychiatric patients.Therefore,this study aims to collect and synthesize the relevant ethical evidence and to provide corresponding guidance for the nursing practice based on the current situation of the mainland of China.This study synthesized the ethical issue according to the ethical principle of autonomy,justice,beneficence,and nonmaleficence.Given the current situation where the nursing workforce is limited and the mental health service is under-developed in China,applying physical restraints in the psychiatric inpatients to guarantee the safety of patients and nurses is crucial.In regard to respect the basic rights of psychiatric patients,it is recommended to protect the their autonomy,and eliminate the adverse effects of physical restraint.This goal would be achieved by ensuring the informed consent,providing humane care,and regulating the implementation of physical restraints.
基金supported by the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology,(UID/DTP/04045/2013)by the European Regional Develop-ment Fund,through COMPETE 2020(POCI--01--0145-FEDER--006969)+4 种基金funded by the European Regional Development Fund,through NORTE 2020(NORTE--01--0145--FEDER--000016)The European Regional Development Fund through the Operational Competitiveness Programthe Foun-dation for Science and Technology(FCT)of Portugal support the research unit CIAFEL within the projects FCOMP--01--0124--FEDER--020180(References FCT:PTDC/DES/122763/2010)and UID/DTP/00617/2013supported by the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology(REF:UID/BIM/04501/2013)FEDER/Compete2020 funds
文摘Although the observed progress in the cardiovascular disease treatment, the incidence of new and recurrent coronary artery disease remains elevated and constitutes the leading cause of death in the developed countries. Three-quarters of deaths due to cardiovascular diseases could be prevented with adequate changes in lifestyle, including increased daily physical activity. New evidence confirms that there is an inverse dose-response relationship between physical activity and cardiovascular disease and mortality risk. However, participation in moderate to vigorous physical activity may not fully attenuate the independent effect of sedentary activities on increased risk for cardiovascular diseases. Physical activity also plays an important role in secondary prevention of cardiovascular diseases by reducing the impact of the disease, slowing its progress and preventing recurrence. Nonetheless, most of eligible cardiovascular patients still do not benefit from secondary prevention/cardiac rehabilitation programs. The present review draws attention to the importance of physical activity in the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular diseases. It also addresses the mechanisms by which physical activity and regular exercise can improve cardiovascular health and reduce the burden of the disease.
文摘There are many deaths occurring among the aged population in Japan. Geriatric Health Service Facilities (GHSFs) are highlighted as some of the chosen facilities designated as sites of death. The aim of our study was to clarify the characteristics and related factors, including physical signs first noticed by staff at the end-of-life period, in GHSFs designated as sites of death, using a nationwide survey in Japan. We administered a questionnaire to 3971 GHSFs in Japan. Eligible responses for the study were obtained from 854 GHSFs. We found that GHSFs designated as sites of death were more likely to have basic policies and documented preferences regarding end-of-life care. We also found that staff members in GHSFs designated as sites of death were less likely to first notice physical signs of pain. We found that GHSFs designated as sites of death tended to identify earlier symptoms, such as reduced oral intake and less vigor. Our results would enable elderly persons, their families, and staff in GHSFs to prepare for the elderly’s death more efficiently though earlier identification of the end-of-life period. We hope that GHSFs have an important role to play in end-of-life care provision to elderly persons in Japan, through the strengthening of these intermediate facilities.
