Health-related risky behaviors and their risk factors in adolescents with high-functioning autism

BACKGROUND Health-related risky behaviors generally refer to behaviors that have a negative impact on health and quality of life.Health-related risky behaviors in adolescents with high-functioning autism(HFA)have not been well understood so far.Adolescents with HFA may have more health-related risky behaviors than neurotypical adolescents.AIM To investigate health-related risky behaviors and their risk factors with HFA.METHODS This is an observational study.Our study enrolled 110 adolescents aged 12-19-years-old meeting Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 4th edition criteria for HFA.They were recruited from Peking University Sixth Hospital.There were also 110 age,sex and nationality matched controls enrolled who came from a public school in Beijing,China.Both groups completed the Adolescents Health-related Risky Behavior Inventory.Nonparametric tests were carried out for comparison of the Adolescents Health-related Risky Behavior Inventory scores between the two groups.Expression recognition,the Inventory of Subjective Life Quality for Child and Adolescent,Chinese Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children,Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Adult-Chinese Revised,Theory of Mind test and Autism Spectrum Screening Questionnaire were assessed in the autism group to explore factors associated with health-related risky behaviors.Multivariate regression analysis was conducted to explore the risk factors of health-related risky behaviors in the HFA group.RESULTS The results showed that the total score of the Adolescents Health-related Risky Behavior Inventory and scores of“aggression and violence,”“suicide and selfinjury,”“health compromising behavior”and“unprotected sex”subscales in the HFA group were significantly higher than those in the control group(Z range-4.197 to-2.213,P<0.05).Among the associated factors,poor emotional experience(B=-0.268,P<0.001),depression(B=-0.321,P<0.001),low score of intelligence(B=-0.032,P=0.042),low score of Theory of Mind test(B=-1.321,P=0.003)and poor adaptation to school life(B=-0.152,P=0.006)were risk factors.These risky behaviors may promote the occurrence of health-related risky behaviors in adolescents with HFA.CONCLUSION This study showed that adolescents with HFA were more likely to be involved in health-related risky behaviors.Different health-related risky behaviors have different reasons.

A Dataset on the Status Quo of Health and Health-Related Behaviors of Chinese Youth: A Longitudinal Large-Scale Survey in the Secondary School Students of Shandong Province

This data article describes data acquired from the Database of Youth Health(DYH)program.The DYH program consisted of a multi-wave survey conducted annually in the academic year 2015/2016,2016/2017,2017/2018,and 2020/2021 to investigate the status quo of health and health-related behaviors of Chinese junior and senior high school students.A total of 99,327 students from 186 secondary schools in 17 cities of Shandong province participated in the survey.The dataset is longitudinal and consists of rich parameters in aspects of individual information,social-economic status,social interaction,nutrition and diet,psychological cognition,mental health,school adaptation,quality of life,spare-time physical activity,risk behaviors,and physical fitness evaluation results based on the National Student Physical Fitness and Health 2014.It is the first open shared dataset about Chinese adolescents’health and health-related behaviors.It would be valuable and beneficial for policy makers,educational institutions,and other stakeholders to generate or adjust the existing strategies for improving Chinese adolescents’wellbeing.

Sex- and Age-Specific Associations of Social Status and Health-Related Behaviors with Health Check Attendance: Findings from the Cross-Sectional Kanazawa Study

Health checks are key features of primary and secondary disease prevention. The aim of this study was to examine the sex- and age-specific association of social status and health-related behaviors with health check attendance in eligible persons. Data were derived from the Kanazawa Study 2011 (n = 12,781), a cross-sectional study which investigated all the residents in model areas of Kanazawa City, Ishikawa Prefecture, Japan. We selected participants aged 23 years or older with National Health Insurance (n = 4920). Attendance at health checks was the outcome. We used social status and health-related behaviors as predictor variables. We analyzed them by sex and applied stratified analyses by age groups for each sex. The bivariate analyses were conducted by means of cross-tabs. We calculated health check attendance rates by each variable. We used Pearson’s χ2-test to examine statistically significant differences. We fitted logistic regression models to estimate adjusted odds ratios (ORs) of attendance in the past one year. We computed ORs in a logistic regression model containing all variables described above. Workingmen and women aged 23 to 39 years and aged 40 to 64 years had significantly increased ORs for health check attendance compared with non-working persons. Men, men aged 23 to 39 years and men aged 65 years or older with more physical activity had significantly increased ORs for health check attendance. Male ex-smokers, female ex- and non-smokers, male ex-smokers aged 65 years or older, and female non-smokers aged 40 to 64 years had significantly increased ORs. The findings suggest that population groups with lower social status or increased risks of adverse health effects are less likely to attend health checks than those with higher social status or decreased risks in particular sex and age groups. It indicates that diverse approaches are required to realize the full benefit of health checks.

Multifactorial study of mobile phone dependence in medical students: Relationship to health-related lifestyle, Type A behavior, and depressive state

We investigated factors contributing to mobile phone dependence. To 139 medical students, we administered a self-reporting questionnaire designed to evaluate mobile phone dependence, health-related lifestyle, patterns of behavior, and depressive state. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that scores for poor health-related lifestyle, Type A behavior pattern, and presence of depression are independently associated with degree of mobile phone dependency. These findings suggest that persons with an unhealthy lifestyle, Type A behavior traits, or depression might benefit from mobile phone use guidance.

Peer Pressure Is the Prime Driver of Risky Sexual Behaviors among School Adolescents in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Background: Understanding ecological factors that influence risky sexual behavior of adolescents is vital in designing and implementing sexual risk reduction interventions in specific contexts. Interventions undertaken without understanding the critical factors may not produce the desired results. Objective: The objective of this study was to identify the factors associated with adolescent risky sexual behavior among school adolescents in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Methods: This cross-sectional study was done among randomly selected school adolescents in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Data were collected by an anonymous self administered questionnaire. Risky sexual behavior was assessed by asking question about sexual activity, consistent condom use and faithfulness to a single partner. Logistic regression analysis was done to identify factors related to sexual behavior using the ecological framework. Result: Overall 377(10.6%) of the 723 sexually active students were involved in risky sexual practices. Risky sexual behavior was significantly and very strongly associated with perception of peers' involvement in sexual intercourse [AOR = 11.68 (95% CI: 8.76 - 15.58)]. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that peer pressure is the most important factor associated with risky sexual behavior among school adolescents in Addis Ababa. Interventions aimed at reducing sexual behavior among school adolescents should target adolescents as a group rather than individually.

Childhood Adversity Phenotypes and Risky Health Behaviors among Chinese Adolescents: Extending the Concept of Adversity

ObjectiveTo present an approach to phenotyping ACEs and explore the association between ACEs and adolescent health risky behaviors based on the social context of China.Methods Totally,5,726 adolescents aged 12-18 years were investigated about their ACEs in the family,peer,school,and personal domains and the occurrence of six types of risky health behaviors(i.e.,smoking,drinking,sexual intercourse,self-harm,and suicidal ideation and attempts).Latent class analysis(LCA)was used to explore the ACE patterns.Results Six latent classes of ACEs were identified,including low adversity,school adversity,school adversity and peer victimization,peer victimization,maltreatment and peer victimization,and high adversity,and associated with risky health behaviors in adolescents.Being physically punished by a teacher,experiencing sexual abuse,and experiencing family trauma most strongly differentiated from the six AcE classes and were correlated with an increased risk for risky adolescent health behaviors.ConclusionThis study supports a positive association between ACEs and risky adolescent health behaviors.Peer victimization,school adversity and associated contexts need to be considered in future ACEstudies.

Relationship between Migration and HIV Risky Behavior: a Comparative Study of Returning Migrants and Non Migrants Based on Rural Out-of-school Youth in Jilin, China

Objective To estimate the relationship between migration and HIV risky behavior when controlling for gender, age, and educational levels and to evaluate the gender differences in migration, HIV knowledge, and HIV risky behaviors among rural youth in China. Methods A cross-sectional, anonymous, investigative questionnaire for 1710 unmarried, out-of-school rural youth, aged between 15 and 24 years, was handed out in Gongzhuling county of Jilin province, China. Results 58.5% of participants had a history of migration, irrespective of gender. There were gender differences observed in other factors such as drug abuse（4.3% for males and 5.5% for females, P〈0.01）, multiple sexual partners（24.1% for males and 44.1% for females, P〈0.01）, and HIV knowledge rate（35.2% for males and 25.5% for females, P〈0.001）. While controlling for gender, age, and educational levels, the relationships between migration and drug abuse, selling sex, and non usage of condoms during last instance of sexual activity were found to be significant. The cases of premarital sex and multiple sexual partners were both not found to be related to migration. Conclusion Among rural youth, the HIV risky behavior such as drug abuse, selling sex, and lack of condom use, is significantly related to migration, while premarital sex and multiple sexual partners seem unrelated to migration.

Study of HIV Prevalence and Behaviors in Rural Areas of Goudomp Health District (Senegal)

This study aims to determine the factors related to HIV-positive status in people aged 15 to 49 years of age in the commune of Niagha in Goudomp. The study was descriptive and analytically cross-cutting and had taken place in a release of 2018. The data was collected on anonymous questionnaires and then analyzed using R software after entering with Epi 7 software. Bivariate analyses and logistical modelling have been used to investigate the factors associated with HIV status. The sample included 400 people, and a participation rate of 100% was obtained in relation to the administration of the questionnaire. For the detection of HIV infection, 318 people agreed to do so, a proportion of 79.7%. The average age of the respondents was 27.8 years with a standard deviation of 9.1 and extremes of 15 to 49 years. 21.5% of respondents were under 20 years of age, the median was 26 years. With 58.8% of women, the sex ratio (M/F) was 0.7. In this study, 11.5% of respondents did not believe in the existence of HIV infection, 92.0% were sexually active, and 40.5% had sex with casual partners. The main places for casual sex were cultural events (84.0%), weekly markets (53.1%), religious events (27.8%) and during travel (22.8%). Among them, only 20 respondents, or 12.3%, declared that they systematically protect themselves with a condom during these occasional sexual relations. This wearing of condoms was found in 20.7% of singles and 10.7% of married couples having casual sex. In this study, 60.0% of the respondents declared that they had paid for sex, although this practice is not cited in income-generating activities. Non-consensual sex was found in 6.5% of the respondents. In this study, 319 people agreed to be tested for HIV, or 79.7% of the sample. HIV infection was found in 19 people, 6.0% seroprevalence, with 16 cases of HIV 1 infection and three cases of HIV 2 infection. Several risk behaviors were found in this study. However, none of them had a statistically significant link to HIV seropositivity. The prevalence of HIV infection in Niagha common is very high compared to data from the Sedhiou region and national level. Risky sexual behaviors are found in this population with no statistically significant link to HIV. Studies with a mixed approach would be more appropriate to study these relationships.

Risky Sexual Behavior and Its Determinants among Orphan and Vulnerable Children in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Back Ground: Risky sexual behavior among orphans and vulnerable children and its associated physical, psychological and social consequences is becoming a major public health concern globally. Objectives: To assess the prevalence of risky sexual behavior and its determinants among orphan and vulnerable children in Addis Ababa. Methodology: A community based cross sectional study was conducted on three support and care giving organizations for orphans and vulnerable children in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia from March to June 2014. A total of 422 orphan and vulnerable children were selected using systematic sampling. Data were collected using pre tested self-administered questionnaire. Logistic regression was used to analyze the data. Result: A total of 407 (96.4%) respondents participated in this study. Among them 112 (27.5%) had sexual intercourse in their life time, of these 50 (44.6%) started sex before the age of 15, 94 (83.9%) had forced sex, 84 (75.0%) had multiple sexual partners, only 16 (14.3%) used condom the first time they had sex and 96 (85.7%) participated in transactional sex. Females were about 3.25 (2.67 - 7.3) times more likely to engage in risky sexual behavior than male respondents, double orphans had 4.32 (2.45 - 9.54) odds of risky sexual behavior compared to their counterparts. Those respondents who had knowledge of HIV transmission and prevention were less likely to be involved in risky sexual behavior 0.58 (0.41 - 0.93). Conclusion: Orphan and vulnerable children are at a higher likelihood of risky sexual behavior. Intervention targeted at multilevel such as orphan survival training, assertive communication skills, sexuality education and education about HIV risk perception, physical, psychological and human right protection, social support, and economic access for basic needs need to be given consideration.

Health-related behaviors in children of ethnic minorities and Han nationality in China

Objective:The purpose of this study was to understand the health-related behaviors in children of ethnic minorities and Han nationality so as to provide a basis for formulating a health promotion plan,reasonably allocating health resources,and improving health conditions of the entire population of children.Methods:The selection and processing of study subjects,as well as health-related behaviors,were based on the 2009 Chinese Health and Nutrition Survey(CHNS)data.A total of 867 children were involved in this study,including 762 Han children and 105 minority children.Comparative analysis was conducted on the reported ratio of health-related behaviors,including society and family variation,as well as dietary habit variation,and health condition scores.Results:A comparison on health-related behaviors between ethnic minority and Han children indicated the following:with respect to society and family variation,statistical significance(P<0.05)existed between the two groups in health-related behaviors influenced by parents who did or did not stay at home,level of education,and medical insurance status;and with respect to dietary habit variation,statistical significance(P<0.05)existed in the differences of dietary habits between the two groups.Moreover,differences in the weight-forage Z score(WAZ),weight-forheight Z score(WHZ),and body mass index-for-age Z score(BAZ)between the two groups were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion:Health-related behavioral norms and health conditions of ethnic minority children should be further improved.Increased health awareness of families with children and health care system development should be stressed to elevate the health level of the entire population of children in China.

基于潜在危险行为分析的多层面整体干预对精神分裂症患者的影响

目的:探讨基于潜在危险行为分析的多层面整体干预对精神分裂症患者的影响。方法:选取2020年6月1日~2022年6月30日收治的92例精神分裂症患者作为研究对象,采用随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组各46例;对照组采用常规护理干预,观察组在对照组的基础上采用基于潜在危险行为分析的多层面整体干预。比较两组幻听症状[采用中文版精神症状评定量表(PSYRATS)中的幻听维度(PSYRATS-AH)和幻听认知量表(修订版)(BAVQ-R)中的幻听认知信念],自我接纳度[采用自我接纳问卷(SAQ)],睡眠质量[采用匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表(PSQI)],社会功能[采用社会功能缺陷筛选量表(SDSS)]及危险行为发生情况。结果:干预后,两组PSYRATS-AH评分均降低(P<0.05),且观察组低于对照组(P<0.05),但两组幻听认知信念比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);干预后,两组SAQ评分均升高(P<0.05),且观察组高于对照组(P<0.05);干预后,两组PSQI、SDSS评分均降低,且观察组低于对照组(P<0.05);观察组危险行为发生率低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:基于潜在危险行为分析的多层面整体干预可改善精神分裂症患者的幻听症状,提高患者自我接纳度与睡眠质量,减少危险行为发生情况,促进患者恢复。

交通安全意识对非机动车骑行者危险骑行行为的影响研究

安全意识在促进安全行为方面发挥着重要作用,但由于安全意识具有多维性和复杂性,难以直接测量。为探究交通安全意识对危险骑行行为的影响,通过云模型选取安全态度、危险认知、安全素质和外界环境这4个潜变量,作为影响交通安全意识的结构要素,并基于调查问卷数据开展实证研究。运用Mplus 8.0软件构建“交通安全意识-危险骑行行为”结构方程模型,量化交通安全意识各要素作用于危险骑行行为的因果链路。采用Bootstrap法检验安全素质、危险认知和安全态度的中介作用,梳理外界环境对危险骑行行为的直接和间接关系;再利用分层回归模型,验证交通安全知识在交通安全意识与危险骑行行为间的调节效应。研究结果表明:①结构方程模型拟合良好,交通安全意识的4个要素分别与危险骑行行为呈显著的负相关,其中,危险认知对无意行为的影响最大(-0.331),安全态度对有意行为的影响最大(-0.332);②中介效应显示外界环境作为外生变量可直接作用于行为,也可通过安全素质、危险认知和安全态度对骑行者的行为产生影响;③交通安全知识的调节作用显著(ΔR^(2)=0.017,P<0.05),该变量强化了交通安全意识与危险骑行行为的负向影响关系,其简单斜率关系表明,当骑行者交通安全知识水平较高时,交通安全意识对危险骑行行为的作用效果更强。

父母积极教养与青少年亲社会冒险行为:有调节的中介模型

基于生态系统理论,采用纵向追踪设计对广州市3所中学(初一和高一)共1000名学生的父母积极教养(T1)、亲社会同伴(T2)、风险倾向(T2)和亲社会冒险行为(T1/T2)进行调查(2个时间点,间隔半年),考察父母积极教养与青少年亲社会冒险行为的关系,以及亲社会同伴的中介和风险倾向的调节效应。结果发现:(1)父母积极教养显著正向预测青少年亲社会冒险行为;(2)亲社会同伴在父母积极教养与亲社会冒险行为间发挥中介效应;(3)相比于低风险倾向者而言,积极教养通过促进亲社会同伴交往影响亲社会冒险行为的间接效应在高风险倾向青少年中更为显著。结果揭示了亲社会同伴交往是父母积极教养促进高风险倾向青少年从事亲社会冒险行为的中介机制。

基于XGBoost算法的商用车驾驶风险辨识模型

驾驶员作为交通事故的重要诱因,其一系列风险驾驶行为对道路交通安全具有重要影响。针对当前驾驶风险等级分类不合理、辨识精度低等问题,提出一种商用车驾驶风险辨识模型。即首先从车辆状态、驾驶状态、驾驶员操作三个方面,共建立18个能够表征商用车驾驶风险的特征参数;采用因子分析法(FA)对特征参数降维优化,并生成蕴含更为明确风险驾驶行为信息的综合变量;接着应用K-means聚类算法分别将风险驾驶行为特征聚为2、3和4类并对比分析,结合肘部法则和轮廓系数综合确定最佳的聚类数目k,消除人为经验确定k值主观性强的缺陷;最后,利用极端梯度提升(XGBoost)算法对商用车驾驶风险进行识别,并与决策树、随机森林、K近邻等算法在精度上进行比较。研究结果表明:在上述研究条件下XGBoost算法对商用车驾驶风险的理论识别率最高可达98%,该结果对于自动驾驶辅助系统的设计、道路交通安全性的提升具有重要意义。

行为金融视角下的风险感知

在世界秩序大变革、大调整的时代背景下,全球金融治理进入新时期,国际金融环境趋于复杂严峻。同时,金融市场拥有丰富的金融产品,作为金融市场的主要参与者,个人投资者在作出投资决策时往往受限于自身金融知识、金融素养、风险承受能力等因素,面临着巨大的风险,能否正确感知到自身所面临的风险,对于投资者后续作出合理的投资决策至关重要。考虑到传统金融学所采用的研究方法对风险感知作为心理变量准确定义的忽视,可从行为金融的视角,了解风险感知的概念、测量方法、影响因素等;系统梳理和回顾国内外风险感知研究,指出当前行为金融视角下,风险感知研究一方面未有普适性的理论和方法,另一方面缺乏对无关变量的控制。展望未来,应加强理论构建,完善研究理论范式。

基于结构方程的校园电动自行车危险骑行行为分析

为提高校园交通安全性,探究校园环境下大学生电动自行车危险骑行行为的影响因素。根据预调研结果,在计划行为理论(TPB)模型的基础上新增“环境管制态度”变量,编制调查问卷,构建基于拓展计划行为理论的结构方程模型(SEM);通过相关性分析和模型路径检验,对264份有效样本数据开展实证研究。结果表明:校园环境中,学生的日均骑行时长、骑行事故率、充电冲突率与危险骑行行为存在正相关性;行为态度、主观规范、知觉行为控制对安全行为意向有一定影响;对危险骑行行为的抑制作用最强的是安全行为意向,其次是环境管制态度,知觉行为控制对危险骑行行为呈现了与以往研究不同的促进作用。研究结果可为校园危险骑行行为的有效管控提供参考。

考虑心理因素的摩托车驾驶人风险驾驶行为影响分析

为探究摩托车驾驶人风险驾驶行为影响因素,首先对B市2014—2021年摩托车交通事故中摩托车驾驶人风险驾驶行为进行时间序列预测,预测B市2022年摩托车交通事故中摩托车驾驶人风险驾驶行为情况,确定“酒驾醉驾”“超速”等9种摩托车交通事故中摩托车驾驶人主要风险驾驶行为;其次,基于摩托车交通事故中摩托车驾驶人主要风险驾驶行为,编制线上调查问卷,获得有效问卷621份,有效回收率为82.91%,信效度检验合格;最后,构建摩托车驾驶人风险驾驶行为影响因素结构方程模型,模型拟合度较高,分析得到:违规与超速态度对事故及被处罚情况、冲动行为表现、一般违规行为表现回归系数为0.136、0.361、0.500;激情驾驶态度对事故及被处罚情况、冲动行为表现、一般违规行为表现、失误驾驶行为表现回归系数为0.119、0.368、0.471、0.232;风险感知对冲动行为表现、失误驾驶行为表现回归系数为0.120、0.234;风险感知对激情驾驶态度、违规与超速态度回归系数为0.232、0.203。结果表明安全态度和风险感知与风险驾驶行为呈正相关,风险感知与安全态度呈正相关。

城市物流配送绿色安全发展策略研究——以微观驾驶行为角度

推动城市配送物流绿色和安全发展,是落实习近平生态文明思想和助力实现“碳达峰、碳中和”目标的重要举措。本文以北京、广州、重庆三地同城配送物流订单数据为基础,引入微观车辆运行特性和风险驾驶行为特征,从能耗成本、碳排放量和运行安全性三个维度分析不同车辆类型和风险驾驶行为的差异。结果表明:传统油车的能耗成本约是新能源电车的3.57倍,新能源电车在降低同城配送车辆的能耗运行成本上具有明显优势。风险驾驶行为增加了车辆能耗水平,通过改善风险驾驶行为,传统油车具有降低约4.64%的能耗成本和碳排放的潜能。风险驾驶行为会显著提高车辆运行风险,其中急加速、急减速和超速具有最高的风险水平。新能源电车在订单配送中的运行风险水平更高。最后,从“车—路—人—企—管”五个维度分别提出改善城市同城配送物流质量的对策,可为城市物流配送绿色和安全发展提供支持。

闲暇挤占与风险诱导:学习压力与青少年身体健康关系的研究——基于CEPS数据的实证分析

青少年的学习压力和身体健康越来越成为社会关注的热点议题。根据CEPS 2014-2015数据,本文发现:学习压力与青少年的身体健康之间存在直接的因果关系。学习压力可以通过减少睡眠时间、降低社交频率以及诱使风险行为等方式间接影响青少年的健康。同时,受社会结构分化及生理作用差异等因素影响,睡眠、社交在精英家庭学生中的中介效应更加明显;风险行为在非精英学生中的中介效应更加明显;社交、风险行为在男生中的中介效应更加明显;睡眠在女生中的中介效应更加明显。未来的青少年工作不仅要努力减轻学习压力,还应该关注家庭背景和性别所蕴含的内在差异,以保障青少年能更好地健康成长。

高速公路隧道区域纵向风险驾驶行为时空特征

为了精准定位纵向风险驾驶行为在隧道路段的形态、位置及时间,增强交通管理部门主动预防交通事故的能力,针对传统时空分析维度分离的局限性,研究建立了时空维度结合的时空核密度估计模型(spatio-temporal kernel density estimation,STKDE),采用最小交叉二乘验证(least squares cross-validation,LSCV)确定模型最佳带宽。构建了基于轨迹数据的纵向风险驾驶行为识别方法,提取超速、超低速、急加速、急减速共4种纵向风险驾驶行为的时空位置;将隧道时空域分割为时空单元后,应用STKDE计算各时空单元内纵向风险驾驶行为时空核密度估计值ψ;结合时空立方体(space-time cube,ST-Cube)对STKDE结果可视化。基于下细腰隧道全域高精度轨迹数据进行实例分析,研究发现:高速驾驶行为在隧道出口100 m区域内高发,超速高发于16:00与09:00;低速驾驶行为在隧道入口前200 m高发,超低速高发于02:00与14:00;在进入隧道前100 m和隧道0~1500 m区域,急加速与急减速行为的ψ始终大于0.5,处于高发状态,且在隧道区间内每隔150~200m,2种急变速驾驶行为会同步出现波动,在驶离隧道后2种行为均迅速减少,且不再高发。通过与传统时空分析方法对比,结果表明:结合ST-Cube的STKDE分析方法,能实现耦合时空的特征分析,并量化估计全时空域内风险驾驶行为发生的可能性,其在对急加减速驾驶行为的特征分析中存在一定优势。