Simultaneous determination of chlorogenic acid and baicalin in heat-clearing and detoxicating oral liquid by NIRS

The calibration model for simultaneous deter-mination of chlorogenic acid and baicalin in heat-clearing and detoxicating oral liquid was built by partial least squares and near infrared spectroscopy, and the method of spectral pre-treatment was discussed. Building model from calibration set obtained good results, and vali-dated by prediction. According to heat-clearing and detoxicating oral liquid from 30 batches of 6 factories, the correlation coefficient of chloro-genic acid and baicalin model are 0.9993 and 0.9923, The root mean square error of cross validation (RMSECV) are 0.467 and 0.480, and the standard Error of prediction (SEP) of chloro- genic acid and baicalin are 0.356 and 0.370 re-spectively. The correlation coefficients in pre-diction set are 0.9997 and 0.9969, prediction results are accurate and reliable. This method can be applied in rapid analysis of heat- clearing and detoxicating oral liquid, and it is fit for on-line detection and has a wide application prospect.

Research progress of heat-clearing and dampness-removing method to improve the inflammatory microenvironment of gout

Gout is a metabolic bone and joint disease caused by purine metabolism disorder.The disturbance of inflammatory microenvironment caused by monosodium urate(MSU)deposition is an important pathological mechanism of gout occurrence and development.In the understanding of Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),the interaction of"dampness","heat"and"stasis"is the main pathogenesis of gout,and the method of clearing heat and removing dampness is the main treatment method of TCM for gout.In recent years,studies have found that heat-clearing and dampness-removing method can improve the TCM symptom score of gout patients,especially in the body tiredness,dry mouth and dry throat,short yellow urine,thirsty,etc.,which are the characteristics of dampness and heat syndrome,this may be related to the fact that the TCM heat-clearing and dampness-removing method in the treatment of gout removes the appearance of dampness and heat,improves the inflammatory microenvironment of gout and restores the normal metabolic function of human body.This paper deeply explores the specific mechanism of TCM heat-clearing and dampness-removing method to improve the inflammatory microenvironment of gout,which can provide new ideas for the diagnosis and treatment of clinical gout.

Experience in the Treatment of Tumors by Replenishing Qi and Nourishing Blood,Detoxicating and Resolving Masses

The pathogenesis of malignant tumors is the deficiency of vital Qi and the excess of pathogenic Qi.Its basic treating principle is to strengthen vital Qi to eliminate pathogenic factor.The paper is to summarize the clinical experiences in tumor treatment of Dr.Chen Shizhou,a well-known traditional Chinese medicine expert in Weifang City,Shandong Province.He put forward the treatment method of"replenishing Qi and nourishing blood,detoxicating and resolving masses",paying attention to protecting stomach qi and advocating survival with tumor,with remarkable clinical effects.

Toxicity of Cu and Cd in Soils and Detoxication by Additives

Results from laboratory experiments indicated that the concentrations and toxicities of both water-soluble and 0.1 M HCl-extractable Cu and Cd from soils were in the order of red soil> yellow brown earth> black earth.The toxicity of soil varied with the concentrations of metals.The form,concentration and toxicity of Cu and Cd in soils were determined by cation exchange capacity,content of organic matter and composition of clay minerals in the soil.Addition of CaCO3 could significantly decrease the concentration and toxicity of water-soluble and 0.1 M HCl-extractable Cu or Cd from the red soil,and could notably transform the Cu and Cd from the water-soluble or exchangeable form into the organic,free oxides-occluded or sulfic form.

Network pharmacology-based analysis of heat clearing and detoxifying drug JC724 on the treatment of colorectal cancer

BACKGROUND Heat-clearing and detoxifying drugs has protective effect on colorectal cancer(CRC).Given the complicated features of Traditional Chinese medicine formulas,network pharmacology is an effective approach for studying the multiple interactions between drugs and diseases.AIM To systematically explore the anticancer mechanism of heat-clearing and detoxifying drug JC724.METHODS This study obtained the active compounds and their targets in JC724 from Traditional Chinese Medicine System Pharmacology Database.In addition,the CRC targets were obtained from Drugbank,TTD,DisGeNET and GeneCards databases.We performed transcriptome analysis of differentially expressed genes in CRC treated with JC724.Venn diagram was used to screen the JC724-CRC intersection targets as candidate targets.Core targets were selected by proteinprotein interaction network and herb ingredient-target-disease network analysis.The functional and pathway of core targets were analysed by enrichment analysis.RESULTS We found 174 active ingredients and 283 compound targets from JC724.940 CRC-related targets were reserved from the four databases and 304 CRC differentially expressed genes were obtained by transcriptome analysis.We constructed the network and found that the five core ingredients were quercetin,βBeta sitosterol,wogonin,kaempferol and baicalein.The core JC724-CRC targets were CYP1A1,HMOX1,CXCL8,NQO1 and FOSL1.JC724 acts on multiple signaling pathways associated with CRC,including the Nrf2 signaling pathway,oxidative stress,and the IL-17 signaling pathway.CONCLUSION In this study,we systematically analyzed the active ingredients,core targets and main mechanisms of JC724 in the treatment of CRC.This study could bring a new perspective to the heat-clearing and detoxifying therapy of CRC.

Effect of clearing heat and detoxification method on macrophages polarization in patients with acute myocardial infarction and heat toxin syndrome after intervention

Objective:To evaluate the effect of heat-clearing and detoxifying method on the macrophages polarization in patients with acute myocardial infarction with heat toxin syndrome after intervention.Methods:Sixty patients with acute myocardial infarction and undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention with heat toxin syndrome were randomly divided into a control group and a test group with 30 cases each.The control group was given conventional treatment,and the test group was given Huanglian Jiedu Decoction,the representative of the method of clearing heat and detoxification,orally on the basis of the control group.The intervention time of both groups was 2 weeks.Comparing The Seattle Angina Pectoris Scale(SAQ)before and after treatment,creatine kinase(CK),creatine kinase MB isoenzyme(CKMB),high-sensitivity troponin I(hs-TnI),and Lipoprotein-associated phospholipaseA2(LPPLA_2)),the phenotype ratio of M1 and M2 macrophages,and observe the adverse reactions.Results:After treatment,the SAQ scores of the two groups of patients were improved,and the levels of CK,CK-MB,hs-TnI,and LP-PLA_2 decreased significantly.The scores of AS,AF,TS,and DP in the SAQ of the test group were all higher than those of the control group,and the hs-TnI and LP-PLA_2 were better than those of the control Group(P<0.05 or P<0.01).After treatment,the proportion of M1 type macrophages in the two groups of patients'macrophages decreased significantly(P<0.05 or P<0.01),the ratio of M2 type macrophages increased(P<0.05),and the M1/M2 ratio decreased.The ratio of M1/M2 in the test group of the control group was significantly lower than that of the control group(P<0.01).There were no obvious adverse reactions in both groups.Conclusions:The method of clearing heat and detoxifying has a definite effect on patients with acute myocardial infarction of heat toxin syndrome after interventional operation.It can reduce myocardial damage,improve myocardial function,and reduce inflammation.And it is safe for clinical treatment without any increasing risk of bleeding or other risk of cardiovascular events.

J亚型禽白血病病毒感染琅琊鸡的排毒动态及对繁殖性能的影响

【背景】我国地方鸡资源丰富,J亚型禽白血病(J subtype avian leukemia,AL-J)在地方鸡种中的传播制约着地方鸡的保种、开发利用等工作的进行。【目的】通过分析J亚型禽白血病病毒(J subtype avian leukemia virus,ALV-J)阳性琅琊鸡公鸡排毒动态、ALV-J阳性琅琊鸡母鸡在开产前至自繁时的排毒动态及ALV-J对繁殖性能(受精率、孵化率、产蛋数及高峰产蛋后产蛋下降速率)的影响,为我国地方鸡品种的AL-J净化提供参考依据,助力我国地方鸡品种的保护、开发利用。【方法】对ALV-J阴、阳性琅琊鸡母鸡群体自145日龄开始,每30 d进行血液病毒分离、泄殖腔拭子P27抗原检测;ALV-J阳性公鸡群体自330日龄开始,每隔4 d进行精液病毒分离、泄殖腔拭子P27抗原检测;进行ALV-J阴、阳性公鸡精液品质、DNA损伤程度和ALV-J阴、阳性母鸡蛋品质测定,并进行ALV-J阴、阳性公母鸡配种输精试验(G1组:阳性公鸡×阳性母鸡;G2组:阳性公鸡×阴性母鸡;G3组:阴性公鸡×阳性母鸡;G4组:阴性公鸡×阴性母鸡),统计各组种蛋的受精率和孵化率。对ALV-J阴、阳母鸡群体从开产至43周龄的周均产蛋数及高峰产蛋后产蛋下降速率进行分析。【结果】ALV-J阳性公鸡排毒动态研究表明,精液和泄殖腔拭子每次检测结果并不完全一致,部分阳性鸡仅精液或泄殖腔拭子检测为阳性,在20只阳性公鸡中有5只公鸡的精液在连续检测中呈现阴性。ALV-J阳性母鸡排毒动态结果显示,血液病毒分离检出率,205日龄最低(78.16%),325日龄最高(90.79%),265、295和325日龄呈逐步增高趋势,且295和325日龄相近。ALV-J阴、阳性鸡群血液病毒分离和泄殖腔拭子的检测结果比较说明,泄殖腔拭子检测存在较高的假阳性和漏检率。ALV-J阴、阳性公鸡常规精液品质和DNA损伤程度检测(DFI)无显著差异(P>0.05)。ALV-J阴、阳性母鸡的蛋品质测定结果显示,蛋重、哈氏单位、蛋黄重、蛋白高度等指标差异极显著(P<0.01)。蛋壳强度、蛋形指数、蛋黄颜色、蛋壳厚度指标差异不显著(P>0.05);配种输精试验结果显示,ALV-J阳性公鸡种蛋受精率和孵化率与阴性鸡群无明显差异,ALV-J阳性母鸡种蛋的受精率和孵化率明显低于阴性鸡群,与ALV-J阳性公、母鸡种蛋受精率、孵化率无显著差异。ALV-J阴、阳性群体产蛋性能分析表明,ALV-J阳性群体开产至43周龄的周均产蛋数显著低于ALV-J阴性群体(P<0.01),ALV-J阴性群体的产蛋高峰后产蛋下降速率(0.016)低于ALV-J阳性群体(0.033)。【结论】ALV-J阳性公鸡中鸡精液多次检测为阴性个体,在ALV-J阳性率较高的地方鸡种中可作为种公鸡使用。通过ALV-J琅琊鸡排毒动态研究结果结合自繁时间,300日龄前后为进行ALV-J血液病毒分离检测的最佳时间段。泄殖腔拭子ALV检测存在极高的假阳性和漏检率,不建议采用。ALV-J感染母鸡产蛋数显著降低,产蛋高峰后产蛋下降速率加快,并显著降低鸡蛋的蛋重、蛋黄重、蛋白高度等指标,导致受精率、孵化率降低。研究结果为琅琊种鸡的ALV-J净化方案的制定提供了数据支撑。

8种缓解药剂对烟草烟嘧磺隆药害的解毒效果

为解决玉米田烟嘧磺隆残留对后茬烟草的药害,通过室内盆栽与大田试验,结合生物化学分析方法,探究了市售除草剂安全剂萘二甲酸酐、环丙磺酰胺、解草酮、氯草烯胺和植物生长调节剂赤霉素、芸苔素内酯、胺鲜酯以及亮氨酸-异亮氨酸-缬氨酸混合液等缓解药剂对烟草烟嘧磺隆药害的解毒效果。结果表明,不同用量烟嘧磺隆对烟苗生长有明显抑制作用,且抑制作用随其用量增加而增大。环丙磺酰胺、氯草烯胺、赤霉素、芸苔素内酯、亮氨酸-异亮氨酸-缬氨酸混合液的施用质量浓度分别为10、20、40、0.1、30 mg/L时,解毒效果较好,而其他3种缓解药剂效果不明显。进一步的田间试验结果表明,环丙磺酰胺和氯草烯胺处理的解毒效果较好,其中氯草烯胺的解毒效果优于环丙磺酰胺。添加氯草烯胺63 d后,烟株的叶长、叶宽、株高、叶片数、茎围较药害对照分别提高26.4%、21.6%、13.2%、75.2%、14.3%。酶活性结果显示,添加解毒剂环丙磺酰胺和氯草烯胺能够提高烟草超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、硝酸还原酶(NR)、谷胱甘肽S-转移酶(GST)的活性,分别比烟嘧磺隆药害对照增加51.91%~61.81%和60.29%~91.95%,其中氯草烯胺处理优于环丙磺酰胺。综上,前茬玉米田施用除草剂烟嘧磺隆时,施用安全剂环丙磺酰胺和氯草烯胺均可有效减轻烟嘧磺隆对烟草的药害,优先使用20 mg/L(50 mL/株)氯草烯胺作为解毒剂。

银发族何以数字成瘾?——老年人数字体验的现象学研究

随着数字智能设备和互联网的普及,在跨越数字“接入沟”和“技能沟”后,老年人数字成瘾问题随之而来,影响其身心健康。剖析老年人数字成瘾的深层成因是解决成瘾问题的前提,具有重要意义。以津、冀两地28位老年人为研究对象,采用深度访谈法,围绕老年人数字成瘾的亲身体验与直观感受收集数据,并立足老年人视角,运用解释现象学的方法加以分析阐释。研究总结出老年人ICT设备使用及数字成瘾现状;得出老年人数字成瘾的多种体验,从“时空、物、精神情感、关系”四个维度还原数字之“瘾”的本貌;结合已有研究与相关理论,讨论老年人数字成瘾的内涵、生理机制、行为与社会机制、数字“脱瘾”问题,为解决老年人信息实践问题和构建精准信息服务对策提供参考。图1。表2。参考文献86。

基于中医农业理论创制新型生物农药的实践探索

中医农业是利用中医药基本理论和方法解决现代农业生产过程中遇到的诸多实际问题,是实现生态农业与有机农业的重要途径.本文分析了4个中医农业探索案例.首先论述了从“清热解毒”类传统中药复方及其单味药材中挖掘苦参碱、小檗碱和大黄素甲醚等植物源农药,提出了传统“清热解毒”类中药复方及其单味中药是新型植物源农药创制的重要来源;接着对中药天仙子中挖掘具有新颖结构的天仙子新碱以创制新型植物免疫诱抗剂和植物生长调节剂进行了阐述,从药效物质基础的角度对铁线莲属植物发挥“整体”药效以挖掘新颖结构农用活性分子的潜力进行了归纳;最后对猕猴桃溃疡病防治技术中的“治未病”策略、“两前两后”关键防控技术以及复方生物菌剂创制进行了阐述.以上中医农业实践探索为更好地利用中医药理论和资源创制新型生物农药提供了思路和借鉴.

从“瘀毒”论治消渴肾病机制探析

糖尿病肾脏疾病归属于中医“消渴肾病”范畴,是消渴日久不愈所并发的疑难病症。本文通过对“瘀毒”理论分析以及对消渴肾病的发病机制探讨,认为“瘀毒”与消渴肾病关系密切,“瘀毒损伤肾络”是消渴肾病发生发展的主要病机。基于此,本文提出了消渴肾病“解毒化瘀通络”的治疗原则,并根据消渴肾病“本虚标实”的病性,祛邪不忘扶正,攻补兼施,辨证施治。同时附验案一则以佐证,以期为消渴肾病的中医治疗提供一定的借鉴。

益气通络解毒疗法联合贝伐珠单抗治疗复发转移性直肠癌

目的观察中医益气通络解毒疗法联合贝伐珠单抗治疗复发转移性直肠癌的临床疗效。方法选择上海中医药大学附属曙光医院2019年1月-2022年6月收治的80例复发转移性直肠癌患者,采用随机数表法分为靶向组与中医组,各40例。2组均给予FOLFIRI方案化疗,靶向组加用贝伐珠单抗进行靶向治疗,中医组在靶向组基础上联合中医益气通络解毒方治疗。统计2组客观有效率、临床获益率、毒性反应程度,比较2组中医症状评分、血管内皮细胞生长因子(VEGF)、基质金属蛋白酶-2(MMP-2)、胰岛素样生长因子1(IGF-1)水平变化。结果中医组客观有效率(55.00%,22/40)与靶向组(35.00%,14/40)比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);中医组临床获益率(92.50%,37/40)高于靶向组(75.00%,30/40)(P<0.05)。治疗前,2组中医症状评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。与治疗前比较,2组腹胀、腹痛、纳差、乏力、大便干结、大便稀溏、便血评分及总分治疗后下降,中医组低于靶向组(P<0.05)。治疗前,2组VEGF、MMP-2、IGF-1比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。与治疗前比较,2组治疗后VEGF、MMP-2、IGF-1下降,中医组低于靶向组(P<0.05)。中医组骨髓抑制、迟发型腹泻毒性反应程度低于靶向组(P<0.05),中医组胃肠道反应、周围神经毒性、肝肾损害毒性反应程度与靶向组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结果中医益气通络解毒联合贝伐珠单抗治疗复发转移性直肠癌可降低VEGF、MMP-2、IGF-1表达,起到增效减毒作用。

从瘀毒互结论治颈动脉粥样硬化易损斑块

颈动脉粥样硬化易损斑块已被认为是引发缺血性脑卒中的独立危险因素,严重威胁人类健康。目前现代医学通过西药与手术治疗易损斑块有一定效果,但存在不良反应大、复发率高等问题。中医认为瘀、毒是导致动脉粥样硬化易损斑块形成的重要原因。该文通过梳理总结中医古籍中的“瘀”“毒”理论,并结合易损斑块的现代病理研究,认为“瘀”“毒”贯穿动脉粥样硬化疾病发展始终,“瘀毒互结”为易损斑块形成和发展的核心病机。早期外毒引动,浊瘀郁脉,伏毒渐生;中期热毒炽盛,毒损瘀破,“苛毒”流散;后期虚毒内生,腐瘀溃疡,积癥成瘀。“活血解毒”应为易损斑块的治疗大法,在疾病早、中、后期分别理气活血解毒、清热活血解毒、补气活血解毒,并列举方药,以期为颈动脉粥样硬化易损斑块的中医药防治提供新思路和新方案。

基于中医血脉理论谈从脾论治糖尿病血管病变

糖尿病血管病变是糖尿病严重的慢性并发症之一,目前已成为糖尿病患者死亡和致残的主要原因,其巨额的医疗费用给家庭、社会带来沉重的经济负担。文章从血管与血脉的相关性出发,基于中医血脉理论,结合传统医学与现代医学观点,认为脾气虚,运化无力,气机不畅,脂浊不化,致痰浊、瘀血、热毒等病理产物壅滞血脉是糖尿病血管病变发生的重要原因,可累及多个靶器官。结合五脏一体观,从脾为四脏之长、脾与其他四脏的病变关系论述从脾论治糖尿病血管病变的理论依据以及古今医家从脾论治糖尿病血管病的临床思路,并将中西医思想融会贯通,突出从脾论治糖尿病血管病变的重要性。治疗上注重益气养阴、活血解毒、健脾化湿之法,为临床防治糖尿病血管病变提供新思路。

孙伟正基于祛毒生新理论治疗多发性骨髓瘤及其并发症经验

孙伟正教授认为,多发性骨髓瘤的诊治应以“祛毒生新”为理论依据,紧抓“毒邪阻滞、脏腑虚损”的基本病机,强调治疗中需重视对毒邪的清除,将在固护正气前提下攻毒以“祛毒”总结为多发性骨髓瘤治疗的重点和难点,同时在补肾基础上使用血肉有情药品以补虚培元、益精填髓。孙教授基于“祛毒生新”理论自拟方药天赐复元丹以解毒祛邪、补肾填精,并对毒邪侵袭骨骼、肾脏等所致并发症,随证灵活加减,疗效显著。

恶性肿瘤复合病机理论指导下温滋解毒法的构建

基于恶性肿瘤的复合病机,将正邪、阴阳和中气等理论与癌毒理论相整合,指出正虚邪盛为肿瘤的发病基础。阴阳俱损、气机郁滞、癌毒深伏为肿瘤的病机特点。认为阴阳俱损多起于脾肾,气机郁滞首先责之于脾胃,癌毒深伏常兼夹多种邪气。基于此提出以温滋解毒法为恶性肿瘤的基本治法。温滋解毒法是温法、滋法、解毒法三法并用或次第应用,共同发挥温滋并用,调和阴阳;行气解郁,调畅情志;消癌解毒,破兼夹之邪的功效。

基于周仲瑛“伏毒论”辨治肺系疫病瘥后诸症

肺系疫病瘥后诸症是近年来临床常见病症,根据国医大师周仲瑛“伏毒论”思想,认为其病因为伏毒,包括疫疠余毒、六淫化毒、药毒等多种来源的毒邪;病机为毒藏于内,伏而后发致病;病性属正虚毒伏。临证首要需辨伏毒性质和病位,结合整体气血阴阳的虚实变化,治疗上兼顾透毒与扶正。

清热解毒方治疗非急性期热毒伤肺型放射性肺炎临床研究

目的:观察清热解毒方治疗非急性期热毒伤肺型放射性肺炎的临床疗效。方法:将60例非急性期放射性肺炎患者按照随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组,每组各30例。对照组给予常规西医治疗,观察组在对照组治疗的基础上加用清热解毒方治疗。比较两组患者的临床疗效、不良反应发生情况及治疗前后中医证候积分、病情分级、肺功能、细胞炎症因子[白细胞介素-6(interleukin-6,IL-6)、转化生长因子-β(transforming growth factor-β1,TGF-β1)以及肿瘤坏死因子-α(tumor necrosis factor-α,TNF-α)]水平变化情况。结果:两组患者治疗后各项中医证候积分低于本组治疗前,且治疗后观察组低于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组有效率为83.33%,对照组有效率为73.33%,观察组有效率高于对照组(P<0.05)。两组患者治疗后0级、1级、2级占比高于本组治疗前,3级、4级占比低于本组治疗前,且治疗后组间比较,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组患者治疗后肺总量及肺弥散功能高于本组治疗前,且治疗后观察组高于对照组(P<0.05)。两组患者治疗后IL-6、TGF-β1及TNF-α水低于本组治疗前,且治疗后观察组低于对照组(P<0.05)。两组患者不良反应发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:清热解毒方可有效缓解非急性期热毒伤肺型放射性肺炎患者的临床症状,改善其肺功能,其作用机制可能与抑制IL-6、TGF-β1及TNF-α等细胞炎症因子水平有关。

铬渣治理技术的应用进展及特点分析

铬渣产量大、毒性强,严重污染环境并危及人体健康。介绍了常用铬渣治理技术的工作原理、技术特点及工程应用现状,归纳总结了各种技术的优缺点及适用条件,提出了铬渣处理处置技术的选取应因地制宜,综合考虑经济成本、是否有可利用的设施、周边敏感区域及处理渣的出路等因素。

植物中活性氧的产生及清除机制

环境胁迫使植物细胞中积累大量的活性氧 ,从而导致蛋白质、膜脂、DNA及其它细胞组分的严重损伤。植物体内有效清除活性氧的保护机制分为酶促和非酶促两类。酶促脱毒系统包括超氧化物歧化酶 (SOD)、抗坏血酸过氧化物酶 (APX)、过氧化氢酶 (CAT)和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶 (GPX)等。非酶类抗氧化剂包括抗坏血酸、谷胱甘肽、甘露醇和类黄酮。利用基因工程策略增加这些物质在植物体内的含量 ,从而获得耐逆转基因植物已取得一定的进展。