Influencing factors and preventive measures of infectious complications after intestinal resection for Crohn’s disease

The incidence of Crohn’s disease(CD)has increased in recent years,with most patients requiring intestinal resection.Complications after intestinal resection for CD can lead to poor prognosis and recurrence,among which infectious complic-ations are the most common.This study aimed to investigate the common risk factors,including medications,preoperative nutritional status,surgery-related factors,microorganisms,lesion location and type,and so forth,causing infectious complications after intestinal resection for CD,and to propose corresponding preventive measures.The findings provided guidance for identifying suscept-ibility factors and the early intervention and prevention of infectious complic-ations after intestinal resection for CD in clinical practice.

New approaches for prevention and treatment of Alzheimer's disease:a fascinating challenge

The prevention and treatment of neurodegenerative diseases is the new challenge for pharmaceutical industry,but also for public institutions,physicians,patients,and their families.The spread of these pathologies is,in fact,a real social problem,especially in the Western Countries where the population age is increasing and chronic diseases are more and more common.

Green tea, epigallocatechin gallate and the prevention of Alzheimer’s disease: clinical evidence

Given its increasing global prevalence,Alzheimer’s disease(AD)has become a major public health challenge worldwide.The symptomatic treatments available for AD have shown no significant efficacy,and no disease-modifying interventions are capable of slowing the progression of the disorder.The potential of lifestyle-related factors,including diet,is increasingly recognized as an important consideration in the primary prevention of AD.Numerous mechanisms potentially underlying neuroprotective effects of bioactive components contained in tea,such as(-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate,as well as their preventive efficacy against AD,have been elucidated in preclinical studies.However,in contrast to the abundance of mechanistic findings in animals,clinical results demonstrating efficacy in humans are scarce.While epidemiological studies have provided some evidence indicating that green tea consumption is associated with a reduced risk of age-related cognitive decline and AD,a causal relationship cannot be established on the basis of these observations.The clinical evidence regarding preventive or therapeutic effects of green tea and its bioactive components is unsatisfactory.A role of green tea in the prevention of AD cannot be recommended until well-designed,randomized,placebo-controlled clinical trials using standardized formulations confirm the purported beneficial effects of green tea.

Adalimumab in prevention of postoperative recurrence of Crohn's disease in high-risk patients

AIM:To evaluate the effectiveness of adalimumab in preventing recurrence after intestinal resection for Crohn's disease in high-risk patients.METHODS:A multicenter,prospective,observational study was conducted from June 2009 until June 2010.We consecutively included high-risk Crohn's disease patients who had undergone an ileal/ileocolonic resection.High-risk patients were defined as two or more criteria:smokers,penetrating pattern,one or more previous surgical resections or prior extensive resection.Subcutaneous adalimumab was administered 2 wk(± 5 d) after surgery at a dose of 40 mg eow,with an initial induction dose of 160/80 mg at weeks 0 and 2.Demographic data,previous and concomitant treatments(antibiotics,5-aminosalicylates,corticosteroids,immunomodulators or biologic therapies),smoking status at the time of diagnosis and after the index operation and number of previous resections(type and reason for surgery) were all recorded.Biological status was assessed with C-reactive protein,erythrocyte sedimentation rate and fecal calprotectin.One year(± 3 mo) after surgery,an ileocolonoscopy and/or magnetic resonance enterography was performed.Endoscopic recurrence was defined as Rutgeerts score ≥ i2.Morphological recurrence was based on magnetic resonance(MR) score ≥ MR1.RESULTS:Twenty-nine patients(55.2% males,48.3% smokers at diagnosis and 13.8% after the index operation),mean age 42.3 years and mean duration of the disease 13.8 years were included in the study.A mean of 1.76(range:1-4) resections previous to adalimumab administration and in 37.9% was considered extensive resection.51.7% had previously received infliximab.Immunomodulators were given concomitantly to 17.2% of patients.Four of the 29(13.7%) developed clinical recurrence,6/29(20.7%) endoscopic recurrence and 7/19(36.8%) morphological recurrence after 1-year.All patients with clinical recurrence showed endoscopic and morphological recurrence.A high degree of concordance was found between clinical-endoscopic recurrence(k = 0.76,P < 0.001) and clinical-morphological recurrence(k = 0.63,P = 0.003).Correlation between endoscopic and radiological findings was good(comparing the 5-point Rutgeerts score with the 4-point MR score,a score of i4 was classified as MR3,i3 as MR2,and i2-i1 as MR1)(P < 0.001,r s = 0.825).During follow-up,five(17.2%) patients needed adalimumab dose intensification(40 mg/wk);Mean time to intensification after the introduction of adalimumab treatment was 8 mo(range:5 to 11 mo).In three cases(10.3%),a biological change was needed due to a worsening of the disease after the dose intensification to 40 mg/wk.One patient suffered an adverse event.CONCLUSION:Adalimumab seems to be effective and safe in preventing postoperative recurrence in a selected group of patients who had undergone an intestinal resection for their CD.

Analysis of debris flow control effect and hazard assessment in Xinqiao Gully,Wenchuan M_(s)8.0 earthquake area based on numerical simulation

Xinqiao Gully is located in the area of the 2008 Wenchuan M_(s)8.0 earthquake in Sichuan province,China.Based on the investigation of the 2023"6-26"Xinqiao Gully debris flow event,this study assessed the effectiveness of the debris flow control project and evaluated the debris flow hazards.Through field investigation and numerical simulation methods,the indicators of flow intensity reduction rate and storage capacity fullness were proposed to quantify the effectiveness of the engineering measures in the debris flow event.The simulation results show that the debris flow control project reduced the flow intensity by41.05%to 64.61%.The storage capacity of the dam decreases gradually from upstream to the mouth of the gully,thus effectively intercepting and controlling the debris flow.By evaluating the debris flow of different recurrence intervals,further measures are recommended for managing debris flow events.

Student capacity building of dengue prevention and control: A study of an Islamic school, Southern Thailand

Dengue has been a critical problem for an Islamic School, Nakhon Si Thammarat province, Southern Thailand. Objectives: 1) to build student capacity;and 2) to evaluate the results of student capacity building. Method: Participatory Action Research: PAR was applied in three phases: 1) the school-based preparation phase;2) the process of building student capacity phase, and 3) evaluation of the results of the student capacity building. Independent T-Test statistical method was used to analyze student capacity both before and after the intervention. Larval Indices were determined through ratio analysis. Results: Prior to the intervention, there was no clear strategy for combating dengue. In this study, three groups were formed to build student capacity: a leader group, a non-leader group, and a support group. The leader group (48 student leaders), critical to the study, was set as a dengue club named “Eliminate Ades Aegypti, the culprit of dengue” which focused on eight sets of activities: “Dengue or Death”, “Seniors educating juniors”, “Reward for good answers”, “Dengue monitoring team”, “Youth to expel mosquetoes”, “Mosquito or busy”, “Garbage elimination of Pondok”, and “Essential doctors”. The level of student capacity for the prevention and control of dengue of a sampling of 308 student representatives of the Pondok (Islamic school) showed an increase after intervention ( (SD);56.78 (17.06);65.33(15.36) and different statistic significant (P < 0.001). The Larval indices ratio levels had decreased from the original levels (BI = 244, HI = 45, and CI = 26) after intervention (BI = 137, HI = 39, and CI = 19). Dengue morbidity and mortality rates were not found during the study. Discussion: Although there had been an increase in student capacity, a decrease in the larval indices ratio, and the absence of a dengue epidemiology index, the high risk of a dengue epidemic might still be found in the school because the ratio of larval indices were higher than the standard index. Then, the committed participation of students, school, and communities around the school vicinity is needed in building student capacity of dengue prevention and control.

Advances in Early Prevention of Alzheimer’s Disease in the Aged

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease, is one of the leading causes of death in the aging population, and has become a serious public problem endangering the physical and mental health of the elderly. The disease not only affects the health of the elderly and the quality of life in their later years, but also brings heavy financial and emotional burden to the family and society. The specific mechanism of AD is still unclear, and the current treatments focus on improving mental function and slowing down memory loss. The early diagnosis of AD is difficult and there is no cure for it, so the early prevention is particularly important. This review will introduce the major treatment, potential risk factors and summarize the relevant research about early preventions of AD, such as regular physical sports, reasonable nutritional diet, certain social activities and so on, and expect to provide a new direction for the improvement of AD.

Countermeasures and Prevention of Railway Traffic Accidents in the Early Days of the Founding of the People’s Republic of China

In the early days of the founding of the People’s Republic of China,in order to restore the national economy as soon as possible,the Communist Party of China carried out maintenance and repairs on the railways that caused serious damage to transportation tasks through war-torn smoke,and carried out large-scale railway construction.However,in the course of operation,railway safety accidents occur frequently due to outdated equipment,low quality of staff,lack of rules and regulations,vandalism,and various natural disasters.In the face of severe conditions,the railway authorities summed up the accidents and learned the safety of the railways,so that the railway transportation industry,which started after the founding of the country,was gradually on the right track,and laid a solid foundation for the safe development of the railway industry.

Mycotoxin’s Infections and Prevention Methods: State of the Art

Fungi that attack field crops and contaminate agricultural commodities produce mycotoxins when conditions are favorable. These are specialized metabolites made of poisonous chemical compounds created by bacteria, fungi, or plants that aren’t involved in the organism’s usual growth, development, or reproduction. They have an adversarial hold on humans, wildlife, and the agricultural sector, resulting in mysterious ailments and economic disruptions. Mycotoxins-tainted food and fodder can be found all over the world, posing a global concern. Consumption of contaminated food and fodder is a typical cause of epidemic outbreaks. Other mycotoxins have been associated with esophageal cancer and neural tube defects (NTDs);the immunotoxin deoxynivalenol (DON) causes diarrhea when combined with trichothecenes, and ochratoxin A (OTA) has been linked to kidney failure. The direct market costs associated with missed trade or lower revenues owing to tainted food or feed could be viewed as the economic repercussions of mycotoxins on human society. This review describes frequent groups of mycotoxins in detail, their impact on global health, their impact on the socio-economy;the methods of detection and prevention of these mycotoxins.

Preventive health measures in inflammatory bowel disease

We aim to review the literature and provide guidance on preventive health measures in inflammatory bowel disease(IBD). Structured searches were performed in Pub Med,MEDLINE,EMBASE,Web of Science and Cochrane Library from January 1976 to June 2016 using the following keywords:(inflammatory bowel disease OR Crohn's disease OR ulcerative colitis) AND(health maintenance OR preventive health OR health promotion). Abstracts of the articles selected from each of these multiple searches were reviewed,and those meeting the inclusion criteria(that is,providing data regarding preventive health or health maintenance in IBD patients) were recorded. Reference lists from the selected articles were manually reviewed to identify further relevant studies. Patients with IBD are at increased risk of developing adverse events related to the disease course,therapeutic interventions,or non-adherence to medication. Recent studies have suggested that IBD patients do not receive preventive services with the same thoroughness as patients with other chronic diseases. Preventive health measures can avert morbidity and improve the quality of life of patients with IBD. Gastroenterologists and primary care physicians(PCPs) should have an up to date working knowledge of preventive health measures for IBD patients. A holistic approach and better communication between gastroenterologists and PCPs with explicit clarification of roles will prevent duplication of services and streamline care.

基于Bi-S-SRU的电力系统暂态稳定预防控制

暂态稳定预防控制是电力系统预防严重故障的有效措施之一。首先,利用双向堆叠简单循环单元(Bi-S-SRU)对电力系统运行时间序列整体感知能力强的特点,建立输入特征与暂态稳定指标之间蕴藏的映射关系,将建立的映射关系替代暂态稳定约束最优潮流(TSCOPF)模型中的非线性微分代数方程以简化计算;然后,结合自适应粒子群(APSO)优化算法,在保证系统稳定性的前提下,考虑发电调度成本最小化,形成预防控制策略;最后,在IEEE 39节点系统上进行测试,验证了所提方法的可行性。

Preventive behaviors for maintenance of brain health: an online quasi-experimental study on the influence of involvement and message framing

Objective:The prevalence and economic burden of Alzheimer's Disease(AD)are consistently increasing.Individuals are encouraged to engage in cognitive preventive behaviors.However,the effectiveness of information provided,depends on factors including the level of personal relevance to the issue and the framing of the information.Our objective in this study was to examine the effect of involvement and message framing on an individual's intention to initiate preventive behaviors toward AD.Methods:An online quasi-experimental scenario-based study was implemented.Vignettes were prepared consisting of information on preventive behaviors to reduce the risk of AD.In the vignettes,scenarios were presented to influence the participant's involvement level(low/high).At the same time,the information was framed positively(low level of fear)or negatively(high level of fear).After exposure to the vignettes,the involvement level and framing perception(fear level)were evaluated.The effects of the two factors on perceived severity,perceived vulnerability,response-efficacy,self-efficacy,and intention to engage in recommended preventive behaviors(based on the Protection Motivation Theory)were then measured.Results:Overall,368 individuals with a mean age of 51.64(±5.48)years participated.Adjusted multiple linear regression indicated that higher involvement was associated with significantly higher perceived severity,perceived vulnerability,and intention to engage in preventive behaviors.Negative message framing was associated with significantly higher perceived severity,perceived vulnerability,and self-efficacy.Conclusion:Our findings indicated that involvement and message framing are essential factors to consider when designing communication materials for promoting health behaviors.Their effects may depend on the underlying drivers of intention toward the recommended health behaviors.

基于B/S架构的煤矿灾害智能综合防治系统研究

文章主要研究如何利用浏览器/服务器(Browser/Server,B/S)架构构建煤矿灾害智能综合防治系统。先将煤矿灾害的数据收集、处理、分析和决策等各个环节放置在云端服务器,然后把应用程序部署到用户设备,从而实现对煤矿灾害的实时监测和预警功能。为了提升系统的安全性和可靠性,可以采取多种措施如加密通信、备份数据等。设计系统可以有效地解决现有问题,因此具有广阔的应用前景。

浅谈计算参数a_(s)、c在抗滑桩截面校核时的运用

滑坡防治工程中抗滑桩是一种较为常用的治理措施,其截面形状以矩形为主,按受弯构件进行截面设计。抗滑桩配置纵向受拉钢筋情况不同,进行截面校核时计算参数a_(s)、c的取值各不相同。结合几种常用配筋形式,分析并总结计算参数a_(s)、c在同排配置相同直径纵向受拉钢筋情况下的取值计算列式。

帮助信息网络犯罪活动罪的司法误区与理论校正

帮助信息网络犯罪活动罪案件数量急速增长的背后,存在司法适用的若干误区。本罪立法已包含刑法干预早期化的思想,其司法适用不宜再过度强调预防性特征,应在绝对的共犯独立性和严格的共犯从属性之间寻找第三条道路,即正犯行为相对宽松的事实性制约。本罪被帮助行为和帮助行为的罪量要求,都在司法适用中被过度放低。被帮助行为的罪量要求只有在一对多共犯参与模式中才能例外性地放宽,帮助行为的罪量认定则应牢牢把握不法关联性,审慎对待银行卡流水金额这样的泛化标准。应当对本罪主观明知进行限制解释,适当收缩推定规则的适用,防止责任主义原则的弱化。本罪的司法认定应在积极治理网络犯罪和宽严相济刑事政策之间取得平衡。

基于B/S模式的卷烟设备管理系统的开发应用

卷烟企业在设备管理中采用故障后维修和基于时间的计划性维修保养模式,难以分析设备的技术状态和故障行为,不仅影响生产,也会增加维修和备件成本。为此,设计了卷烟设备管理系统,该系统基于B/S模式设计为3层,浏览器为客户端、web服务器和数据库服务器,采用SQL Server2005建立数据库,实现了运行、保养、检查、维修、计划、备件管理及专家库等功能。介绍了系统的业务流程和功能模块,对设备状态检测预警和维修换件的数据分析方法进行了讨论。该管理系统的应用实现了设备故障、备件库存的预警,维修方案的模糊查询,提高了卷烟企业设备管理水平。

S-3-1的癌预防与治疗作用及机理研究

S-3-1是合成丹参水溶性活性成分的中间体,为一新化合物。我们的研究表明,S-3-1不仅对肿瘤有预防作用而且有较强的治疗作用。其预防作用,在体外可抑制苯并芘诱导的V79细胞恶性转化,在体内对DMBA/巴豆油诱发的小鼠皮肤乳头状瘤形成呈明显的抑制作用。作用机理研究表明可能与其较强的抗氧化、抑制ODC产生和增强细胞间隙信息传导有关;抗肿瘤作用,在体外可明显抑制SCLC、A549、KB、HCT-8、PLA-C、BGC、W1-38、CACO2和PaCa的生长。在体内对小鼠Lewis肺癌、S180肉瘤和H22肝癌均呈不同程度的抑制作用。抗肿瘤作用机理研究表明,可能与增加肿瘤细胞间隙信息传导、抑制肿瘤细胞膜P21ras蛋白表达、抑制癌基因C-myc表达、增强抑癌基因P53表达和抑制酪氨酸激酶磷酸化有关。

应用3S实现森林火灾的自动监测与预警

介绍了应用以RS、GIS、GPS为核心的3S技术,实现森林防火灾时自动监控和森林资源基础信息快速采集与处理的技术与方法,可以为森林防火决策提供早期预警信息和强有力的基础数据资料及决策支持。提出在未来的森林防火技术与管理中,应用3S技术将成为其核心和发展主流。

基于Takagi-Sugeno模糊模型的小型无人直升机系统辨识

提出了一种基于非线性系统模糊辨识建立小型直升机动力学特性模型的新方法,分析了小型直升机的4个舵机输入和位姿变量、运动变量的模型.设计实验采集和预处理得到辨识和验证所用的数据.通过辨识航向通道的动力学模型来说明模糊辨识在小型直升机建模中的可行性和有效性,并通过与最小二乘法辨识结果比较,表明该模糊辨识建模方法具有建模简单、模型精度高等优点.研究结果对小型直升机系统的建模和控制具有一定的实用价值.

基于WebGIS长江流域防洪调度系统的研究与实现

从长江流域防洪调度实际工作出发,针对长江流域防洪指挥特点,利用ArcGIS Server,ArcSDE与.Net平台相结合,进行了B/S模式的长江流域防洪调度WebGIS系统设计与实现。系统利用高效、便捷的Internet/Intra-net网络资源和基于GIS技术的地图操作功能,实现了长江流域防汛指挥的全局化、实时化、可视化。