Design,delivery and efficacy testing of therapeutic nucleic acids used to inhibit hepatitis C virus gene expression in vitro and in vivo

Despite major achievements in the treatment ofchronic hepatitis C with the combination ofinterferons and the nucleoside analog ribavirin themajority of patients with chronic hepatitis C virus(HCV) infection cannot be treated effectively.Toimprove this response rate we used antisensetechnologies to inhibit HCV translation as possibleadditional option for experimental treatment.Antisense oligodeoxynucleotides(ODN) are

Therapeutic and Medicinal Uses of <i>Aloe vera</i>: A Review

The plant Aloe vera is used in Ayurvedic, Homoeopathic and Allopathic streams of medicine, and not only tribal community but also most of the people for food and medicine. The plant leaves contains numerous vitamins, minerals, enzymes, amino acids, natural sugars and other bioactive compounds with emollient, purgative, anti-microbial, anti inflammatory, antioxidant, aphrodisiac, anti-helmenthic, antifungal, antiseptic and cosmetic values for health care. This plant has potential to cure sunburns, burns and minor cuts, and even skin cancer. The external use in cosmetic primarily acts as skin healer and prevents injury of epithelial tissues, cures acne and gives a youthful glow to skin, also acts as extremely powerful laxative.

Continuous Wear of Hydrogel Contact Lenses for Therapeutic Use

Purpose: To investigate the efficacy and complications of continuous wear of etafilcon A for therapeutic use. Materials and Methods: The subjects were 228 eyes of 219 outpatients prescribed contact lens (CL) for one week of continuous therapeutic wear during 10 years. The reason for prescription of CLs, the primary disease, the duration of CL wear and the complications were assessed retrospectively. Results: The predominant reason for prescription of CLs was relief of pain or a foreign-body sensation (62.3%) and protection of the corneal epithelium (20.6%). The primary disease was post-penetrating keratoplasty (36.8%), followed by corneal epithelial erosion (14.5%), post-lamellar keratoplasty (14.0%) and bullous keratopathy (12.2%). The average duration of wearing single lens was 6.5 ± 3.2 days. The average duration of wearing CLs in total was 9.2 ± 10.7 months. The most frequent problem associated with continuous wear of CLs was their dropping out of CLs (12.3%). The complications associated with CLs included conjunctivitis with papillary hyperplasia, corneal erosion and superficial punctate keratitis, but corneal ulcer and corneal infiltrates were not found. Conclusion: Serious complications were not shown changing the lenses every week to keep to the prescribed time limit for continuous therapeutic wear, even if corneal epithelial barrier function is impaired.

Comparison of long-lasting therapeutic effects between succimer and penicillamine on hepatolenticular degeneration

AIM To compare the long term effect of succimer (Suc) with that of penicillamine (Pen) in treating hepatolenticular degeneration (HLD). METHODS One hundred and twenty patients with HLD were divided into 2 groups. Group A ( n =60) received Suc 750mg , po. bid. Group B ( n =60) received Pen 250mg , po. qid. The period of maintenance treatment varied from 6 months to 3 years, averaging 1 5 years. Symptoms and therapeutic effects were evaluated by modified Goldstein scale. RESULTS The total effectiveness of group A in two different periods of treatment were 80% and 85% respectively, higher than those of group B (58% and 59% respectively) ( P <0 05). Suc also had obvious curative effects for the patients who failed in the use of Pen. There were fewer side effect in group A than in group B ( P <0 05). Suc and Pen could increase urinary copper excretion effectively and continually. CONCLUSION Suc is more effective and safer than Pen. Clinically, it can replace Pen as first choice drug for long term maintenance therapy of HLD.

Functional dyspepsia of ulcer-dysmotility type:clinical incidence and therapeutic strategy

Ｆｕｎｃｔｉｏｎａｌｄｙｓｐｅｐｓｉａｏｆｕｌｃｅｒｄｙｓｍｏｔｉｌｉｔｙｔｙｐｅ：ｃｌｉｎｉｃａｌｉｎｃｉｄｅｎｃｅａｎｄｔｈｅｒａｐｅｕｔｉｃｓｔｒａｔｅｇｙＷＡＮＧＸｉａｏＺｈｏｎｇａｎｄＬＩＮＧｕＺｈｅｎＳｕｂｊｅｃｔｈｅａａｄｉｎｇｓ...

Therapeutic role of template-based lymphadenectomy in urothelial carcinoma of the upper urinary tract

Lymphadenectomy for urothelial carcinoma of the upper urinary tract has attracted the attention of physicians. The mapping study of lymphatic spread has shown that a relatively wide area should comprise the regional nodes for tumors of the right renal pelvis or the right upper two-thirds of the ureter. A prospective study showed that an anatomical templatebased lymphadenectomy significantly improved patient survival in tumors of the renal pelvis. This benefit was more evident for patients with p T2 stage tumors or higher. The risk of regional node recurrence is significant reduced by template-based lymphadenectomy,which is likely to be associated with improved patient survival. The removal of lymph node micrometastases is assumed to be the reason for therapeutic benefit following lymphadenectomy. The number of resected lymph nodes can be used to assess the quality of lymphadenectomy,but not to determine the extent of lymphadenectomy. The guidelines currently recommend lymphadenectomy for patients with muscle-invasive disease,even though the current recommendation grades are still low. The present limitation of lymphadenectomy is the lack of standardization of the extent of lymphadenectomy and the randomized trials. Further studies are warranted to collect the evidence to support lymphadenectomy.

Comments on"Neonatal infratentorial subdural hematoma contributing to obstructive hydrocephalus in the setting of therapeutic cooling:A case report"

Although therapeutic hypothermia(TH)contributes significantly in the treatment of hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy(HIE),it could result in devastating complications such as intracranial hemorrhages.Laboratory examinations for possible coagulation disorders and early brain imaging can detect all these cases that are amenable to aggravation of HIE after the initiation of TH.

CLINICAL USE OF BIOLOGICAL HEMOSTATIC GLUE IN NEUROSURGERY

ＣＬＩＮＩＣＡＬＵＳＥＯＦＢＩＯＬＯＧＩＣＡＬＨＥＭＯＳＴＡＴＩＣＧＬＵＥＩＮＮＥＵＲＯＳＵＲＧＥＲＹＣＬＩＮＩＣＡＬＵＳＥＯＦＢＩＯＬＯＧＩＣＡＬＨＥＭＯＳＴＡＴＩＣＧＬＵＥＩＮＮＥＵＲＯＳＵＲＧＥＲＹＬｉＺｈａｏ－ｊｉｅ；ＬｉｎＺｈｉ－ｉｕｎ；Ｌ...

Blastocystis hominis as a cause of chronic diarrhea in low-resource settings:A systematic review

BACKGROUND Blastocystis hominis(B.hominis),an anaerobic unicellular protist parasite,is known for its diverse clinical manifestations upon infecting the human gastrointestinal tract.Although globally distributed,it is particularly prevalent in developing nations.Examining the symptoms and treatment outcomes of B.hominis infection in low-resource settings holds immense significance,providing healthcare practi-tioners with valuable insights to enhance patient care.AIM To synthesize existing evidence on the symptomatology and treatment outcomes of B.hominis infection in low-resource settings.METHODS Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis guidelines,a systematic review was conducted.The search spanned electronic databases including PubMed,Scopus,and Google Scholar.After a comprehensive screening process,a thorough examination of the papers,adhering to inclusion and exclusion criteria,and data extraction from eligible studies was conducted.The findings underwent summarization through simple descriptive analysis.RESULTS The search yielded 1200 papers,with 17 meeting inclusion criteria.Chronic diarrhea due to B.hominis infection was reported in only two studies,while abdominal pain,diarrhea,flatulence,constipation,and nausea/vomiting emerged as the most commonly documented symptoms.Recovery rates after one week of treatment ranged from 71.8%to 100%,and after two weeks,from 60%to 100%.CONCLUSION In low-resource settings,chronic diarrhea resulting from B.hominis infection is infrequent.Common symptoms include abdominal pain,diarrhea,flatulence,constipation,and nausea/vomiting.Post-treatment,clinical outcomes are notably favorable,supporting the recommendation for treatment.Metronidazole is advocated as the first-line agent,with consideration for switching to a second-line option in cases of treatment failure or poor response.

Clinacanthus nutans:a review of the medicinal uses,pharmacology and phytochemistry

Clinacanthus nutans Lindau is known as snake grass belonging to the Acanlhaceae family.This plant has diverse and potential medicinal uses in traditional herbal medicine for treating skin rashes,insects and snake bites,lesions caused by herpes simplex virus,diabetes,and gout in Malaysia.Indonesia.Thailand and China.Phylochemieal investigations documented the varied contents of bioaclive compounds from litis plant namely flavonoids,glycosides,glycoglyeerolipids.cerebrosides and monoacylmonogalatosylglycerol.The pharmacological experiment proved that various types of extracts and pure compounds from this species exhibited a broad range of biological properties such as anti-inflammatory,antiviral,antioxidant,and anti-diabetic activities.The lindings of toxicity study showed that extracts from this plant did not show any toxicity thus it can be used as strong therapeutic agents for specific diseased conditions.However,further experiments on chemical components and their mode of action showing biological activities are required to elucidate the complete phytochemical profile and assess to confirm their suitability tor future drugs.This review summarizes the medicinal uses,phytochemistry and pharmacology of this plant in order to explore its therapeutic potential and gaps necessitating for prospected research work.

High-intensity focused ultrasound extracorporeal ablation of liver tissuesin rabbits

ＨｉｇｈｉｎｔｅｎｓｉｔｙｆｏｃｕｓｅｄｕｌｔｒａｓｏｕｎｄｅｘｔｒａｃｏｒｐｏｒｅａｌａｂｌａｔｉｏｎｏｆｌｉｖｅｒｔｉｓｓｕｅｓｉｎｒａｂｂｉｔｓＣＨＥＮＧＳｈｕＱｕｎ１，ＺＨＯＵＸｉｎＤａ１，ＴＡＮＧＺｈａｏＹｏｕ１，ＹＵＹａｏ１，Ｂ...

分析临床基础护理强化与睡眠护理在消化道出血住院患者中的应用价值

目的:分析临床基础护理强化联合睡眠护理对消化道出血住院患者治疗效果及睡眠质量的影响。方法:选取2022年1月至2022年12月厦门大学附属第一医院消化内科收治的消化道出血住院患者60例作为研究对象,按照随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组,每组30例。采用匹兹堡睡眠质量指数(PSQI)比较2组患者睡眠质量的差异,并比较2组患者的临床疗效及止血情况。结果:干预后,观察组PSQI评分显著低于对照组,观察组的总有效率显著高于对照组,观察组的止血时间、住院时间均显著短于对照组,观察组输血量显著少于对照组,观察组的再出血率显著低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论:在为消化道出血住院患者提供临床基础护理干预的前提下,强化联合睡眠护理干预能让治疗效果显著提高,并能快速止血,减少患者的出血量及再出血,提升睡眠质量,加快康复进程,值得推广应用。

Controversies regarding transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells

Mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)have tantalized regenerative medicine with their therapeutic potential,yet a cloud of controversies looms over their clinical tran-splantation.This comprehensive review navigates the intricate landscape of MSC controversies,drawing upon 15 years of clinical experience and research.We delve into the fundamental properties of MSCs,exploring their unique immuno-modulatory capabilities and surface markers.The heart of our inquiry lies in the controversial applications of MSC transplantation,including the perennial debate between autologous and allogeneic sources,concerns about efficacy,and lingering safety apprehensions.Moreover,we unravel the enigmatic mechanisms surro-unding MSC transplantation,such as homing,integration,and the delicate balance between differentiation and paracrine effects.We also assess the current status of clinical trials and the ever-evolving regulatory landscape.As we peer into the future,we examine emerging trends,envisioning personalized medicine and innovative delivery methods.Our review provides a balanced and informed perspective on the controversies,offering readers a clear understanding of the complexities,challenges,and potential solutions in MSC transplantation.

USE OF CELL-BASED BIOASSAY FOR THE QUALITY CONTROL OF BOTANICAL THERAPEUTICS

The single most important factor in modernization efforts of traditional oriental medicines is the limited understanding of active compounds responsible for claimed therapeutic effects.Indeed,the unknown identity of biologically active molecules generates major difficulties associated with botanical therapeutics in general.This includes management of raw materials,poor understanding of

动脉性消化道出血患者介入治疗后复发情况及原因分析

目的探讨经血管内介入治疗消化道出血后复发的原因及预防措施。方法 72例消化道出血患者根据数字减影血管造影(DSA)结果选择介入治疗方式,39例进行栓塞治疗,33例采用单纯止血药物灌注治疗,所有患者随访1个月,对出血复发的患者均重复行介入治疗。结果栓塞组39例患者在栓塞后出血均停止,但有2例(5.2%)复发;灌注血管收缩药物组治疗后25例患者出血停止,有11例(44.0%)复发,两组复发率差异有统计学意义(P=0.001)。结论动脉性消化道出血复发的原因包括原发疾病的进展、造影的阳性率及操作技术,认识消化道出血患者介入治疗后复发的原因对预防复发具有重要意义。

白眉蛇毒血凝酶治疗上消化道出血的系统评价

目的：评价白眉蛇毒血凝酶治疗上消化道出血的效果和安全性。方法：通过计算机检索中国知网、万方数据知识服务平台、中国生物医学文献服务系统、Pub Med、Ovid SP等收集有关白眉蛇毒血凝酶治疗上消化道出血的随机对照试验。由两名评价员独立对纳入文献进行资料提取、质量评价并交叉核对,而后采用Rev Man 5.2软件进行Meta分析。结果：共纳入文献12篇,共1272例患者。白眉蛇毒血凝酶组患者24、48、72 h内止血率均高于对照组,差异均具有统计学意义（P〈0.05）,无效率低于对照组,差异也具有统计学意义[风险比（RR）=0.28,95%可信区间（95%CI）=0.20-0.38,P〈0.01],不良反应发生率与对照组比较差异无统计学意义[风险差（RD）=0.00,95%CI=-0.02-0.03,P=0.67]。结论：白眉蛇毒血凝酶治疗上消化道出血是安全、有效的,但由于纳入研究的方法质量较低,可能存在发表性偏倚,期待更多高质量的随机双盲对照试验提供高质量的证据。

巴曲亭在NSCLC手术低分子肝素抗凝中的应用研究

目的探讨肺癌患者术中配合低分子肝素抗凝时加用巴曲亭对预防下肢静脉血栓形成的临床疗效。方法选取137例行肺叶或全肺切除术治疗的非小细胞肺癌患者,随机分为观察组和对照组。观察组术中注射巴曲亭,对照组给予相同剂量的安慰剂,两组患者均在术后12小时内开始预防性使用低分子肝素。观察比较两组患者术中出血量、术后总引流量、血液凝固水平及下肢静脉血流情况。结果观察组患者的术中出血量、术后总引流量分别为(354.32±75.20)mL、(211.52±72.16)mL,与对照组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。手术前后血液凝固水平两组差异不明显(P>0.05)。术后5天下肢深静脉彩色多普勒超声检查示,观察组2例发生下肢深静脉血栓,对照组1例,其余患者的下肢深静脉回流速度和回流血量差异不明显(P>0.05)。结论术中应用巴曲亭能够明显减少应用低分子肝素抗凝的肺癌术后患者的出血量,且不会增加下肢静脉血栓的发生率,具有一定的临床推广价值。

颈部大血管损伤的诊治

目的 探讨颈部大血管损伤的诊断和治疗方法 ,以提高诊疗水平。方法 对 1974～1999年诊治的 18例颈部大血管损伤进行回顾性分析。结果 受伤血管 :颈总动脉 7条 ,颈外动脉 4条 ,颈内动脉 2条 ,锁骨下动脉 1条 ,颈内静脉 4条。损伤类型 :切割伤 8例 ,撕裂伤 5例 ,离断伤 2例 ,炎性损伤 2例 ,肿瘤侵犯损伤 1例。 15例根据颈部伤口活动性或喷射性大出血作出诊断 ,2例血肿经彩色多普勒超声波检查明确诊断 ,1例术中探查得到诊断。手术采用血管缝合修补 8条 ,颈外、颈总动脉结扎各 3条 ,锁骨下动脉结扎 1条 ,颈外动脉代替颈内动脉血管重建 1条 ,颈内静脉结扎及填塞止血各 1条。术后痊愈 14例 ,肢体轻度偏瘫 1例 ,锁骨下动脉经结扎后上肢坏死截肢 1例 ,死亡 2例 ,死亡率为 11.1%。结论 活动性或喷射性大出血是诊断的主要依据 。

固冲止崩汤联合妈富隆治疗更年期功能性子宫出血的临床疗效

目的:探讨固冲止崩汤联合妈富隆与单独妈富隆治疗更年期功能性子宫出血的临床疗效及安全性。方法:将更年期功能性子宫出血患者118例随机分两组,对照组59例采用妈富隆治疗,治疗组59例采用固冲止崩汤联合妈富隆治疗,比较两组临床疗效与安全性。结果:治疗后,两组促卵泡生成素、黄体生成素、孕酮、雌二醇降低(P<0.05)。治疗组促卵泡生成素、黄体生成素、孕酮、雌二醇、复发率低于对照组(P<0.05),控制出血时间、完全止血时间、月经规律时间早于对照组(P<0.05),临床疗效高于对照组(P<0.05)。两组药物不良反应(恶心呕吐、食欲不振、头晕头痛)比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:固冲止崩汤联合妈富隆治疗更年期功能性子宫出血的疗效更佳,安全性高且复发率低,值得临床使用。

固冲汤加减方联合西药治疗无排卵性功能失调性子宫出血疗效观察

目的:观察固冲汤加减方联合西药治疗无排卵性功能失调性子宫出血患者的临床效果。方法:收集无排卵性功能失调性子宫出血的患者86例,将其随机分为观察组和对照组,每组各43例,对两组患者的控制出血和出血停止时间、临床疗效、复发率及不良反应发生率进行比较。结果:观察组控制出血时间和止血时间短于对照组,且观察组的复发率7.0%低于对照组的23.3%(P<0.05);观察组的总有效率为97.7%高于对照组的86.0%(P<0.05);两组患者的头晕、头痛、嗜睡、恶心及胃肠不适的发生率之间的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:固冲汤加减方联合西药治疗无排卵性功能失调性子宫出血患者的临床效果显著,值得在临床上应用。