Prediction value of radiosensitivity of hepatocarcinoma cells for apoptosis and micronucleus assay

AIM： To investigate the prediction value of radiosensitivity of hepatocarcinoma cells for apoptosis and rnicronucleus assay. METHODS： Clonogenic assay, flow cytometry, and CB micronuclei assay were used to survey the cell survival rate, radiation-induced apoptosis and rnicronucleus frequency of hepatocarcinorna cell lines SMMC-7721, HL-7702, and HepG2 after being irradiated by X-ray at the dosage ranging 0-8 Gy. RESULTS： After irradiation, there was a dose-effect relationship between rnicronucleus frequency and radiation dosage among the three cell lines （P〈0.05）. A positive relationship was observed between apoptosis and radiation dosage among the three cell lines. The HepG2 cells had a significant correlation （P〈0.05） but apoptosis incidence had a negative relationship with rnicronucleus frequency. There was a positive relationship between apoptosis and radiation dosage and the correlation between 5MMC-7721 and HL-7702 cell lines had a significant difference （P〈0.01）. After irradiation, a negative relationship between cell survival rate and radiation dosages was found among the three cell lines （P〈0.01）. There was a positive relationship between cell survival rate and rnicronucleus frequency （P〈0.01）. No correlation was observed between apoptosis and cell survival rate. CONCLUSION： The radiosensiUvity of hepatocarcinoma cells can be reflected by apoptosis and rnicronuclei. Detection of apoptosis and rnicronuclei could enhance the accuracy for predicting radiosensitivity.

Protein profile of human hepatocarcinoma cell line SMMC-7721:Identification and functional analysis

AIM： TO investigate the protein profile of human hepatocarcinoma cell line SMMC-7721, to analyze the specific functions of abundant expressed proteins in the processes of hepatocarcinoma genesis, growth and metastasis, to identify the hepatocarcinoma-specific biomarkers for the early prediction in diagnosis, and to explore the new drug targets for liver cancer therapy. METHODS： Total proteins from human hepatocarcinoma cell line SMMC-7721 were separated by two-dimensional electrophoresis （2DE）. The silver-stained gel was analyzed by 2DE software Image Master 2D Elite. Interesting protein spots were identified by peptide mass fingerprinting based on matrix-assisted laser desorption/ ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry （MALDI-TOF-MS） and database searching. RESULTS： We obtained protein profile of human hepatocarcinoma cell line SMMC-7721. Among the twenty-one successfully identified proteins, mitofilin, endoplasmic reticulum protein ERp29, ubiquinol-cytochrome C reductase complex core protein I, peroxisomal enoyl CoA hydratase, peroxiredoxin-4 and probable 3-oxoacid CoA transferase 1 precursor were the six novel proteins identified in human hepatocarcinoma cells or tissues. Specific functions of the identified heat-shock proteins were analyzed in detail, and the results suggested that these proteins might promote tumorigenesis via inhibiting cell death induced by several cancer-related stresses or via inhibiting apoptosis at multiple points in the apoptotic signal pathway. Other identified chaperones and cancer-related proteins were also analyzed.CONCLUSION： Based on the protein profile of SMMC-7721 cells, functional analysis suggests that the identified chaperones and cancer-related proteins have their own pathways to contribute to the tumorigenesis, tumor growth and metastasis of liver cancer. Furthermore, proteomic analysis is indicated to be feasible in the cancer study.

Effect of a cancer vaccine prepared by fusions of hepatocarcinoma cells with dendritic cells

AIM: To prepare a cancer vaccine (H(22)-DC) expressing high levels of costimulatory molecules based on fusions of hepatocarcinoma cells (H(22)) with dendritic cells (DC) of mice and to analyze the biological characteristics and induction of specific CTL activity of H(22)-DC. METHODS: DCs were isolated from murine spleen by metrizamide density gradient centrifugation, purified based on its characteristics of semi-adhesion to culture plates and FcR-,and were cultured in the medium containing GM-CSF and IL-4. A large number of DC were harvested. DCs were then fused with H(22) cells by PEG and the fusion cells were marked with CD11c MicroBeads. The H(22)-DC was sorted with Mimi MACS sorter. The techniques of cell culture, immunocytochemistry and light microscopy were also used to test the characteristics of growth and morphology of H(22)-DC in vitro. As the immunogen, H(22)-DC was inoculated subcutaneously into the right armpit of BALB/C mice, and their tumorigenicity in vivo was observed. MTT was used to test the CTL activity of murine spleen in vivo. RESULTS: DC cells isolated and generated were CD11c+ cells with irregular shape, and highly expressed CD80, CD86 and CD54 molecules. H22 cells were CD11c- cells with spherical shape and bigger volume, and did not express CD80, CD86 and CD54 molecules.H(22)-DC was CD11c+ cells with bigger volume, being spherical, flat or irregular in shape, and highly expressed CD80, CD86 and CD54 molecules, too. H(22)-DC was able to divide and proliferate in vitro, but its activity of proliferation was significantly decreased as compared with H(22) cells and its growth curve was flatter than H(22) cells. After subcutaneous inoculation over 60 days, H(22)-DC showed no tumorigenecity in mice, which was significantly different from control groups (P【0.01). The spleen CTL activity against H(22) cells in mice implanted with fresh H(22)-DC was significantly higher than control groups (P 【 0.01). CONCLUSION: H(22)-DC could significantly stimulate the specific CTL activity of murine spleen, which suggests that the fusion cells have already obtained the function of antigen presenting of parental DC and could present H(22)specific antigen which has not been identified yet, and H(22)-DC could induce antitumor immune response; although simply mixed H(22) cells with DC could stimulate the specific CTL activity which could inhibit the growth of tumor in some degree, it could not prevent the generation of tumor. It shows that the DC vaccine is likely to become a helpful approach in immunotherapy of hepatocarcinoma.

Inhibitory Effect of Melatonin on the Growth of H22 Hepatocarcinoma Cells by Inducing Apoptosis

Whether melatonin not only inhibits the growth of H22 hepatocarcinoma cells but also induces apoptosis in vitro was assessed. The anti proliferative effects of melatonin on tumor cells was observed by MTT assay and tumor cells growth curve assay. And the apoptosis of the cells was studied by acridine orange fluorescence assay and flow cytometry. The cell cycle of the tumor cells was also observed by flow cytometry. It was found that melatonin could significantly inhibit the growth of H22 hepatocarcinoma cells. Incubated with melatonin, chromatin condensation of the tumor cells was observed by fluorescence microscopy. Compared with control, the percentage of apoptotic cells was increased, and the proportion of G 0/S increased but that of G 2/M decreased. It was suggested that melatonin could directly inhibit the growth of H22 hepatocarcinoma cells by inducing apoptosis and extending the length of cell cycle of the tumor cells.

Abnormally activated wingless/integrated signaling modulates tumor-associated macrophage polarization and potentially promotes hepatocarcinoma cell growth

In this article,we comment on the article by Huang et al.The urgent development of new therapeutic strategies targeting macrophage polarization is critical in the fight against liver cancer.Tumor-associated macrophages(TAMs),primarily of the M2 subtype,are instrumental in cellular communication within the tumor microenvironment and are influenced by various signaling pathways,including the wingless/integrated(Wnt)pathway.Activation of the Wnt signaling pathway is pivotal in promoting M2 TAMs polarization,which in turn can exacerbate hepatocarcinoma cell proliferation and migration.This manuscript emphasizes the burgeoning significance of the Wnt signaling pathway and M2 TAMs polarization in the pathogenesis and progression of liver cancer,highlighting the potential therapeutic benefits of inhibiting the Wnt pathway.Lastly,we point out areas in Huang et al’s study that require further research,providing guidance and new directions for similar studies.

Establishment and drug sensitivity evaluation of murine ascites hepatocarcinoma cell line with high lymphatic metastatic potential (Hca-P/L_(6))

In order to provide a sensitive cell line model for investigating the mechanisms underlying the lymphatic metastasis of tumors and the effect of medicine against cells,a new murine ascites hepatocarcinoma cell line with high lymphatic metastatic potential(Hca-P/L_(6))was established and the effect of curcumin on biological behavior of Hca-P/L_(6) was observed.Murine ascites hepatocarcinoma cell strain with low lymphatic metastatic potential(Hca-P)was subcutaneously inoculated into the medioventral line of a mouse 615 and thefirst generation of metastatic tumor cells of inguinal lymph node(Hca-P/L_(1))was obtained.Then,Hca-P/L_(1) was screened by the route of mouse foot pad subcutaneously!lymph node!scale-up culture in vitro!mouse foot pad subcuta-neously forfive times consecutively.The sensitivity of two murine ascites hepatocarcinoma cell lines(Hca-P and Hca-P/L_(6))and two anchorage-dependent human hepato-carcinoma cell lines(SMC7721 and HepG_(2))to curcumin were studied by use of 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide(MTT)assay after these cells had been pretreated by curcumin at the concentration of 15–240μmol/L for 48 h.After pretreatment by curcumin at the maximum non-cytotoxic dose of 15μmol/L in vitro,the effect of curcumin against cell proliferation of Hca-P and Hca-P/L6 was observed by inverted micro-scope,cell growth curve and cell population doubling time;the effects of curcumin on cell cycles of Hca-P/L6 and Hca-P were studied byflow cytometry(FCM).The results showed Hca-P/L_(6) spreading to the lymph nodes at multiple sites in mice was screened from Hca-P.The lymph node metastatic rate was 100%.Curcumin had significant growth inhibiting effect on both murine ascites and human hepatocarcinoma cell lines in a dose-dependent manner(P<0.05).At concentrations of 30–120μmol/L,curcu-min had more inhibition on murine ascites hepatocarci-noma cell lines than on human anchorage-dependent hepatocarcinoma cell lines.At concentrations of 60–240μmol/L,curcumin had more inhibition on Hca-P/L_(6) with the 50%inhibitory concentration(IC50)of 51.48μmol/L than on Hca-P with IC50 of 90.87μmol/L.After pretreatment by curcumin at the maximum non-cytotoxic dose of 15 mol/L for 7 days,the proliferations of Hca-P/L_(6) and Hca-P were inhibited(P<0.05)in a time-dependent manner(P<0.01)and the population doubling time of Hca-P/L6 and Hca-P was prolonged(P<0.01),and curcumin had more inhibition on Hca-P/L6 than on Hca-P(P<0.05).After pretreatment by 15μmol/L curcumin for 48 h,the morphous of Hca-P/L_(6) was influenced more seriously than that of Hca-P and the cell cycle was redistributed with Hca-P/L6 being blocked in the S phase and Hca-P in the S and G_(2)/M phases.Hca-P/L_(6) was validated to be more sensitive to curcumin than Hca-P.Hca-P/L_(6) is a novel sensitive cell line model for investigating the mechanisms underlying tumor lymphatic metastasis and the effect of the medicine against cells.

EXPRESSION OF ONCOGENES DURING INDUCED DIFFERENTIATION OF HUMAN HEPATOCARCINOMA CELL LINE

There was no detectable expression of c-fos,but a little c-myc,high c-fms and mederate high IGF-ⅡmRNA in the untreated human hepatocarcinoma cell SMMC- 7721.After treatment with 10 μmol/L retinoic acid or 0.5 mmol/L dibutyryl cyclic-3',5'adenosine monophosphate(db-cAMP),the c-fos was transiently expressed within 20- 60mins.If the treatment of RA or db-cAMP prolonged to 1-5 days, the transcriptions of c- myc were increased,reaching the highest level on the 2nd and 4th day.Simultaneously the transcriptions of c- fms and IGF- Ⅱwere gradually decreased.On the 5th day of the treatment,c-fms and IGF-ⅡmRNA were decreased to 32% and 14%respectively of the control (untreated cell) value by RA,and 35% and 22%respectively by db-cAMP.The biological significance of the above mentioned results was discussed.

阿托伐他汀对人肝癌细胞株HepG2生物钟基因震荡性的影响

目的探讨阿托伐他汀(AT)对人肝癌细胞株HepG2(简称HepG2)生物钟基因与蛋白表达节律的影响。方法基于MOE软件设计AT与生物钟蛋白的分子对接虚拟实验;在HepG2与人骨肉瘤细胞BMAL1::LUC-U2OS(简称U2OS)中分别设置实验组(加入101,102,103,104 nmol/L AT),对照组(加入0 nmol/L AT),空白组(加入0.1%二甲基亚砜),给药24 h后采用CCK-8法检测细胞在不同浓度AT处理后的活力;在不影响正常细胞活力的浓度下,采用免疫印迹(Western blot)法检测脑和肌肉芳香烃受体核转运样蛋白1(BMAL1)、昼夜节律蛋白2(PER2)、视黄酸受体相关孤儿受体γ(RORγ)、核受体亚家族1组D成员(NR1D1)的蛋白表达水平;采用LumiCycle实验检测细胞生物节律基因BMAL1的震荡情况;通过血清休克实验确定生物钟基因BMAL1,PER2,NR1D1及隐花色素2(CRY2)的节律表达。结果高于100 nmol/L的AT会对HepG2产生细胞毒性。在避免AT对正常细胞活性影响的背景下,选择AT 100 nmol/L浓度进行后续实验。给予AT刺激后,BMAL1和PER2蛋白表达量减少(P<0.05);LumiCycle实验结果显示,实验组(AT 100 nmol/L)的相位较对照组(0 nmol/L)滞后2.696 h(P<0.01)。血清休克实验结果显示,实验组PER2基因的表达较对照组显著下调(P<0.05)。结论AT能调节外周生物钟蛋白与基因的表达,使生物钟核心基因BMAL1表达滞后,PER2基因与蛋白表达均显著下调,具有治疗生物钟紊乱相关疾病、睡眠障碍等的应用前景。

Relationship of HepG2 cell sensitivity to continuous low dose-rate irradiation with ATM phosphorylation

Objective: To investigate the change of ATM phosphorylation in HepG2 cells and its effect on HepG2 cell survival under a continuous low dose-rate irradiation. Methods: HepG2 cells were exposed to equivalent doses of irradiation deliv- ered at either a continuous low dose-rate (7.76 cGy/h) or a high dose-rate (4500 cGy/h). The ATM phosphorylated proteins and surviving fraction of HepG2 cell after low dose-rate irradiation were compared with that after equivalent doses of high dose-rate irradiation. Results: The phosphorylation of ATM protein was maximal at 0.5 Gy irradiation delivered at either a high dose-rate or a continuous low dose-rate. As the radiation dose increased, the phosphorylation of ATM protein decreased under continuous low dose-rate irradiation. However, the phosphorylation of ATM protein was remained stable under high dose-rate irradiation. When the phosphorylation of ATM protein under continuous low dose-rate irradiation was equal to that under high dose-rate irradiation, there was no significant difference in the surviving fraction of HepG2 cells between two ir- radiation methods (P > 0.05). When the phosphorylation of ATM protein significantly decreased after continuous low dose-rate irradiation compared with that after high dose-rate irradiation, increased amounts of cell killing was found in low dose-rate irradiation (P < 0.01). Conclusion: Continuous low dose-rate irradiation increases HepG2 cells radiosensitivity compared with high dose-rate irradiation. The increased amounts of cell killing following continuous low dose-rate exposures are associated with reduced ATM phosphorylated protein.

Therapeutic efficacy and bone marrow protection of the mdr1 gene and over-dose chemotherapy with doxorubicin for rabbits with VX2 hepatocarcinoma

BACKGROUND : Malignant tumors are common diseases threatening to the health and life of human being. Clinically, the multidrug resistance of tumor cells and bone marrow depression caused by chemotherapeutic agents are the main obstacles to the treatment of tumors, and both are related to the mdr1 gene. The over expression of the mdr1 gene in tumor cells contributes to the multidrug resistance of malignant tumor cells. With little expression of the mdr1 gene, bone marrow cells particularly susceptible to multidrug resistance-sensitive agents, which cause serious toxicity in bone marrow. This study was undertaken to assess therapeutic efficacy of transplantation of bone marrow mononuclear cells transferred with the mdr1 gene and over-dose chemotherapy with doxorubicin for VX2 hepatocarcinoma of rabbits. METHODS: The mdr1 gene was transferred into the bone marrow mononuclear cells of rabbits, which was co- cultured with retroviral vector-containing supernatant, and the cells were autotransplanted into a rabbit model with VX2 hepatocarcinoma. After chemotherapy with doxorubicin, the protective effects of the mdr1 gene and therapeutic efficacy of over-dose chemotherapy were observed. RESULTS: The mdr1 gene was transferred successfully into the bone marrow mononuclear cells, with a transduction efficiency of 35%. After autotransplantation, the mdr1 gene was expressed functionally in bone marrow with a positive rate of 8%, indicating that the gene played animportant role in bone marrow protection. The rabbits with VX2 hepatocarcinoma, which had received the mdr1 gene-transduced cells, survived after chemotherapy with a 3-fold dose of adriamycin, and their white blood cell counts were (4.26±1.03)×104/L. Since hepatocarcinoma cells were eradicated, the survival time (97.00±46.75 d) of the rabbits was extended (P<0.05) and the healing rate of the tumor was increased (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The transferring of the mdr1 gene into bone marrow mononuclear cells could confer chemoprotection to bone marrow, and over-dose chemotherapy could be prescribed for the treatment of malignant tumors.

Initial study on apoptosis in HepG-2 Human heptocarcinoma cell line by CSS

Objective To discuss on mechanism of the killing and apoptosis inducing effect induced by total alkaloid in the CSS(Capparis spinosa L.saponin,CSS)on human hepatocarcinoma cell Line HepG-2.Methods The killing effect of the CSS on human hepatocarcinoma cell Line HepG-2 was observed by MTT method.Morphological observation of the HepG-2 cells was completed by fluorescence microscope.This test was signed to observe the changes of the cell cycle of HepG-2 cells affected by the CSS by PI single-staining,and to observe if there were typical apoptosis peaks.The apoptosis inducing effect and changing of mitochondria membrane potential of the CSS on the HepG-2 cells were studied by flow cytometry.The effect of intracellular Ca2+ level of CSS on the HepG-2 cells was measured by laser confocal microscope.Results CSS has growth inhibiting on the HepG-2 and seems to be enhanced with the increasing concentration of CSS,and its IC50 value was 46.16 μg·mL-1.The HepG-2 cells are characteristic apoptosis morphologic changed,and the apoptosis percentage is increased to 66.652% in the 50 μg·mL-1 dosage group.The cells cycle has been changed obviously that the progresses of cells cycle of G1 period and G2 period in high dosage group have been blocked,and the cellular proportion in G2 period is decreased by the function of CSS for 24 h.The mitochondria membrane potential of HepG-2 cells induced by CSS is decreased in various degrees.In addition,the intracellular Ca2+ level is increased by the function of CSS in the middle and high dose groups.Conclusions The CSS has obviously killing and apoptosis inducing effect on human hepatocarcinoma cell Line HepG-2 by the mechanism of decreasing the mitochondria membrane potential and increasing the intracellular Ca2+ level.

EFFECT OF ACUPUNCTURE ON IL 2-IFN-NKC IMMUNOREGULATORY NETWORK IN MICE WITH TRANSPLANTED HEPATOCARCINOMA

: To study the effect of acupuncture on interleukin 2 (IL 2)-interferon(IFN)-natural killer cells (NKC) immunoregulatory network of mice with transplanted hepatocarcinoma(HAC) in order to provide new evidence for acupuncture treatment of hypofunction of immune system. Methods:The 28 HAC-vaccinated BALB/C mice are randomly divided into control group (n=14) and acupunctrue group (n=14). In the latter group bilateral'Dazhui' (BL 11) and 'Zusanili' (ST 36) which are located according to the same positions indicated in Comparative Anatomy of Macro-animals, are needled once every day, twelve sessions altogether. Twenty-four hours after the needling treatment the mice are killed and the spleen is taken out to be made into cell suspension for assaying concentrations of IL2 (MTT method) and NKC (colorimetric method) respectively. Obital Serum IFN is determined by using (CPE microplate staining), and the tumor mass is taken out and balanced with an analytical balance (1/10000) to calculate the tumor inhibition rate according to the formula. Results: The tumor weight of the mice of aupuncture group is obviously decreased (inhibition rate 43.06%) while the activity of the IL2 and NKC, and the IFN tiler are increased greatly, which have significant differences compared with those of control group (P>0.01). Conclusion:The results of the study show that acupuncture can strengthen the positive immunoregulatory function of the IL2 -IFN-NKC network in immune hypofunction mice bearing HAC.

OBSCN突变对于肝癌细胞增殖和迁移能力的影响

目的构建细胞骨架蛋白OBSCN基因过表达和敲除的稳转细胞系,初步探究OBSCN突变对肝癌细胞增殖和迁移能力的影响。方法qPCR技术确定HepG2肝癌细胞有无OBSCN本底表达,慢病毒感染HepG2细胞构建过表达细胞系;Crispr cas9技术构建敲除细胞系;并利用Western blot技术检测敲除及过表达细胞Obscurin蛋白表达量,CCK-8法和Transwell小室法探究OBSCN突变细胞株的增殖和迁移能力。结果qPCR验证HepG2细胞无OBSCN本底表达,慢病毒感染得到HepG2 H21157过表达稳转细胞系和HepG2 GL119对照空载体稳转细胞系;菌落PCR、质粒PCR以及基因测序结果验证敲除重组质粒reOBSCN构建成功,转染得到OBSCN敲除的HepG2 OBSCN KO稳转细胞系和对照空载体HepG2 ecas稳转细胞系;Western blot技术验证OBSCN敲除及过表达细胞系构建成功;CCK-8法结果显示OBSCN过表达加快了HepG2细胞增殖,差异有统计学意义(P<0.0001),OBSCN基因的敲除可以减慢HepG2细胞增殖,差异有统计学意义(P<0.0001);Transwell小室法得到HepG2 H21157、HepG2 GL119的迁移细胞数分别为150.30±14.95、136.50±15.02,HepG2 OBSCN KO、HepG2 ecas的迁移细胞数分别为112.70±20.30、147.8±11.55,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论OBSCN基因的过表达会加快HepG2肝癌细胞的增殖和迁移,OBSCN基因的敲除会减慢HepG2肝癌细胞的增殖和迁移。

胆木抗肝癌活性的网络药理学及初步细胞筛选研究

目的:基于网络药理学探究胆木抗肝癌的作用机制,并通过细胞筛选初步验证胆木抗肝癌活性。方法:利用网络药理学筛选胆木与肝癌的共同靶点,构建蛋白互作网络以及进行富集分析及作用机制预测,并将胆木的主要活性成分与核心靶点进行分子对接。利用CCK8、细胞凋亡及PCR等体外细胞实验进行初步验证。结果:经筛选获得胆木活性成分14种,相关的靶点587个,与肝癌靶点映射后共同靶点有288个,主要有TP53、SRC、STAT3等核心靶点。其中异长春花苷内酰胺、短小蛇根草苷、喜果苷等化合物可能是胆木抗肝癌的潜在活性成分,可能通过介导癌症通路、PI3K/Akt和EGFR酪氨酸激酶抑制剂抵抗等信号通路,参与蛋白质磷酸化、凋亡过程的负调控等过程,发挥抗肝癌作用;分子对接结果显示胆木活性成分与肝癌核心靶点产生稳定的结合;体外细胞实验结果表明,胆木中主要成分异长春花苷内酰胺对肝癌细胞具有细胞毒性,抑制肝癌细胞增殖(P<0.001),内在机制是下调肝癌HepG2细胞SRC、STAT3、MAPK3的基因表达(P<0.05),并诱导肝癌细胞凋亡(P<0.001)。结论:本研究初步探讨了胆木活性成分抗肝癌的潜在机制及初步药效作用,为胆木抗肝癌作用机制研究提供理论依据。

丹参酮对人肝癌细胞某些表型的逆转作用

目的观察丹参酮促人肝癌细胞株在体外向正常方向分化的效果。方法体外培养的人肝癌细胞（ＳＭＭＣ┐７７２１）经０．５μｇ／ｍｌ丹参酮处理４天后，作光电镜观察，ＢｒｄＵ掺入试验，ＰＣＮＡ免疫组化及ＦＣＭ检测。结果在镜下，细胞形态趋向良性分化，细胞生长明显被抑制；ＢｒｄＵ标记率和ＰＣＮＡ阳性率均明显低于对照组；流式细胞仪检测显示丹参酮处理组的细胞被阻止于Ｇ０／Ｇ１期，而Ｓ期细胞数量明显减少，ｃ┐ｍｙｃ癌基因蛋白表达降低，ｃ┐ｆｏｓ癌基因蛋白表达明显增加。结论丹参酮可诱导人肝癌细胞某些表型的逆转，可能是一种有前途的分化诱导剂。

苦参碱对TIM2转基因小鼠肝癌细胞的作用研究

目的:观察苦参碱对TIM2转基因修饰小鼠H22肝癌细胞瘤苗的体内作用。方法:构建小鼠TIM2基因真核表达载体并用以转染H22细胞,经体外稳定筛选后获得TIM2转基因H22肝癌细胞全细胞瘤苗(H22-TIM2),用以建立小鼠肝癌移植瘤模型,观察该瘤苗在小鼠体内的成瘤性和免疫原性;加用药物苦参碱(matrine,M)治疗后,观察苦参碱对其体内抗癌活性的影响。结果:筛选得到的TIM2转基因H22肝癌细胞瘤苗有TIM2 mR-NA及EGFP的稳定表达,此瘤苗接种后,在小鼠体内的成瘤率为41%,远低于H22对照组和H22-EGFP空载体组(H22-EGFP)(后两者成瘤率在92%以上),对小鼠肿瘤的抑制率为69.2%,明显高于苦参碱治疗组(67.5%)和其他各组。同时苦参碱可进一步增强H22-TIM2瘤苗的肿瘤抑制率。H22-TIM2组小鼠的脾指数,CD4+T细胞亚群和CD4/CD8较其他实验组明显增高。结论:TIM2基因修饰H22细胞瘤苗可显著降低H22肝癌细胞在小鼠体内的致瘤性,在体内具有一定的免疫原性,苦参碱可明显改善其体内抗癌活性,为进一步研究TIM2基因在肿瘤免疫中的作用及苦参碱的抗癌机制奠定了基础。

中国鲎鲎素诱导人肝癌SMMC-7721细胞分化的观察

背景与目的:海洋生物活性物质抗肿瘤活性研究是海洋生物活性物质开发与抗癌药物研究的一个重要领域。诱导肿瘤细胞分化则是肿瘤药物治疗的新策略。本文拟研究海洋生物活性物质鲎素对人肝癌SMMC-7721细胞分化的影响,以为鲎素抗肿瘤作用及其机理的深入研究提供实验依据。方法:从中国鲎血细胞酸抽提液提取鲎素,应用光镜和透射电镜观察3.0μg/ml鲎素处理前后人肝癌SMMC-7721细胞形态和超微结构的变化,应用细胞化学或免疫细胞化学方法观察鲎素处理前后细胞碱性磷酸酶活性与甲胎蛋白和增殖细胞核抗原表达的变化。结果:经3.0μg/ml鲎素处理的SMMC-7721细胞形态和超微结构发生恢复性变化,碱性磷酸酶活性减弱,甲胎蛋白和增殖细胞核抗原表达降低。结论:鲎素能有效改变肝癌细胞恶性形态和超微结构特征,改变肝癌细胞相关酶活性和抗原表达,对肝癌细胞具有一定的诱导分化作用。

甲基莲心碱逆转肝癌HepG2/thermotolerance细胞对阿霉素耐受性的作用

背景与目的:如何成功地逆转耐热癌细胞的多药耐药性(multidrug resistance,MDR)是当前肿瘤热疗的研究热点。本研究探讨耐热肝癌细胞能否对阿霉素(adriamycin,ADR)产生耐受性,以及甲基莲心碱(neferine,Nef)能否逆转耐热肝癌细胞的阿霉素耐药性。方法:MTT法检测肿瘤细胞存活率,PI染色流式细胞仪检测细胞凋亡率,间接免疫荧光流式细胞术检测bcl-2表达。结果:在43℃环境中培养24h后,耐热肝癌细胞HepG2/thermotolerance的细胞存活率和细胞凋亡率分别为(89.6±5.4)%和(13.6±5.4)%,而非耐热肝癌细胞HepG2的细胞存活率和细胞凋亡率分别为(23.9±3.6)%和(68.9±7.3)%。正常培养环境情况下(37℃),ADR对HepG2/thermotolerance细胞的IC50为(113.7±12.7)μmol/L,而对HepG2细胞的IC50为(10.5±2.3)μmol/L,耐药倍数达10.8倍。1、10、100μmol/LADR分别作用24h后,HepG2/thermotolerance细胞的凋亡率分别为(9.3±2.6)%、(17.8±7.3)%和(32.9±8.6)%,而HepG2细胞的凋亡率分别为(14.3±3.9)%、(38.9±6.8)%和(62.7±5.9)%。在37℃培养环境下,10、40μmol/LNef对HepG2细胞和HepG2/thermotolerance细胞无增殖抑制作用和凋亡诱导作用,但可使ADR对HepG2/thermotolerance细胞的IC50分别下降至(63.7±5.6)μmol/L和(16.8±2.8)μmol/L,逆转倍数分别为1.78和6.79,并可使10μmol/LADR对HepG2/thermotolerance细胞凋亡的诱导作用升高至(26.8±5.9)%和(34.9±8.7)%;HepG2/thermotolerance细胞较HepG2细胞高表达Bcl-2蛋白,而Nef能下调HepG2/thermotolerance细胞的Bcl-2表达。结论:HepG2/thermotolerance细胞对ADR可产生耐受性,Nef可逆转HepG2/thermotolerance细胞对ADR的耐受性,其机制可能与其下调HepG2/thermotolerance细胞Bcl-2蛋白表达有关。

细胞周期相关基因微阵列在中药抑制肝癌细胞增殖作用机理研究中的应用

目的 :设计DNA微阵列并利用其研究中药抗肿瘤的分子机制。方法 :制备了包含有与细胞周期和DNA损伤调控检测相关的 2 4个基因的cDNA微阵列 ,选择了本实验室已证明对肝癌细胞有抑制效果的中药 ,通过流式细胞仪检测其对细胞周期的影响 ,提取药物作用后的RNA ,反转录后标记探针与微阵列杂交 ,检测中药作用细胞后对细胞周期及损伤检测相关基因转录的影响。结果 :4种中药作用SMMC 772 1后 ,细胞周期基因和损伤检测点基因均有不同程度改变 ,表现为部分上调 ,部分下调 ,这些和流式细胞术检测的结果是相符合的。结论