Plant diversity in herbal tea and its traditional knowledge in Qingtian County, Zhejiang Province, China

Herbal teas composed of locally occurring plant species have long been used as the primary form of health care in Qingtian County,Zhejiang Province,China.However,large-scale emigration overseas and an aging population threaten the conservation of traditional knowledge of these herbal teas.Traditional knowledge about the plants used for these herbal teas is not well documented in Qingtian,despite their widespread use.The aim of this study was to assess the plant-cultural diversity of plants used as herbal teas,and to point out the prospective value of herbal teas used by Qingtian people.This study was conducted using semi-structured interviews,as well as field and market surveys.Forty-three local informants were interviewed.We recorded plant resources,plant parts used,local names,and medicinal uses.Quantitative ethnobotanical indices,including cognitive salience(CS),frequency of citation(FC),index of informant consensus(Fic)and use value(UV),were calculated to analyze the level of representativeness and relative importance of plants used in herbal teas.One hundred and twenty-nine species belonging to 75 families and 113 genera were reported to be used in herbal tea,with Compositae being the richest family.Whole plants are most commonly used to make herbal teas(66.7%).In this study,informants reported that 92.2%of plant species used in herbal teas are wild.The most utilized herbal preparation form is dry/fresh.Informants reported that herbal teas are used to treat 31 ailments.Our results show that the highest representativeness,based on CS and FC,was recorded for species Actinidia eriantha.Based on UV,the top five most used species are Goodyera schlechtendaliana,Plantago asiatica,Prunella vulgaris,Lophatherum gracile and Leonurus japonicus.The highest Fic was cited for dental medicine.This study helps document the status of current herbal teas in Qingtian.The use value and traditional knowledge of herbal teas have provided basic data for further research focused on bioactivity studies and sustainable utilization of the most important species.

Determination of the total antioxidant and oxidant status of some galactagogue and herbal teas

This research was aimed to evaluate the total antioxidant status(TAS)and the total oxidant status(TOS)of galactagogues and herbal teas.Galactagogues and herbal teas used for other purposes were sold in the market for breastfeeding mothers and babies.Tea infusions were prepared by following brewing recipe on the package.TAS(mmol/L)and TOS(mol/L)were measured and oxidative stress indices(OSI)were calculated.TAS values of the mixed-herbal teas in granule form that sold as still tea were found to be higher((1.5±0.00)–(1.7±0.14)mmol/L)compared to other galactagogue tea types(P<0.05).TAS value of the mixed-herbal tea in classic tea bag was(1.0±0.06)mmol/L while the TAS value of the vitamin added mixed-herbal tea was(3.0±0.00)mmol/L(P<0.05).The TAS and TOS values of the night-teas were simultaneously found to be higher compared to herbal teas(P<0.05).Besides,the highest OSI values among herbal teas was chamomile tea(6.96).In conclusion,antioxidant/oxidant status of galactagogues and other herbal teas might vary according to their form(powder or granule),type,variety of herbs in the composition,and the brand.Moreover,some galactagogues and other herbal teas have high levels of oxidant activity as well as antioxidant activity.Also,it seems that vitamin addition is important for balancing antioxidant/oxidant status of all tea types.

Shiqi herbal tea reduces the susceptibility to H1N1 influenza virus in stressed mice

Objective:It is well known that stress plays a critical role in immune response and susceptibility to diseases.Among many stressors,restraint stress has been shown to suppress immune function and increase susceptibility to infections.In this study,we employed a restraint-mouse model to investigate the effect and preliminary mechanism of ShiQi herbal tea(SQHT),a traditional Chinese medicine,on H1N1 virus infection.Methods:Mice were exposed to restraint stress and infected with H1N1 influenza virus by intranasal inoculation.SQHT(936 and 1872 mg/kg/d)was orally administrated to mice for 7 days from the first day of restraint stress.The survival rate of mice in each group was monitored daily for 21 days.Histopathological changes,inflammatory cells infiltration,and virus titer in lungs were examined.For the study of mechanisms,we investigated whether SQHT could promote interferon-β(IFN-β)generation and interferon stimulated genes(ISG)expression.Results:Our results suggested that SQHT(936 mg/kg/d)significantly reduced H1N1-induced mortality,the level of complement C5a and lung tissue inflammation,and viral replication in restraint-stressed mice.Further results revealed that in restraint-stressed mice model,SQHT(936 mg/kg/d)administration markedly improved IFN-βgeneration,and increased MX1 and IFITM3 gene expression.Conclusion:Our study demonstrates that SQHT reduces restraint stress-induced susceptibility to H1N1 infection via improving IFN-βantiviral pathway,which provides a certain basis for the clinical use of SQHT to treat H1N1 infection.

Chemopreventive Potential of Select Herbal Teas and Spices on Azoxymethane-Induced Aberrant Crypt Foci in Fisher 344 Male Rats

Colon cancer is the third leading cause of death in the US. Selected herbal teas and spices may reduce incidence of chronic diseases, including cancer. The objective of this study was to identify the effect of strawberry leaf, raspberry leaf, hibiscus teas and cinnamon on azoxymethane (AOM)-induced aberrant crypt foci (ACF) in Fisher 344 male rats. After acclimatization period (1 wk), 49 male weanling rats were divided into 16 groups. Control (CON) group fed AIN-93G diet;15 treatment groups were administered control diet + strawberry leaf tea (STW), raspberry leaf tea (RAS), hibiscus tea (HIB), cinnamon (CIN), strawberry leaf tea + cinnamon (STW + CIN), raspberry leaf tea + cinnamon, (RAS + CIN), hibiscus tea + cinnamon (HIB + CIN), and strawberry leaf tea + raspberry leaf tea + hibiscus tea + cinnamon in combination (COM) at 2 levels each (teas added at 1% and 2%;CIN added at 2.5% and 5%). Rats received 24 mg/kg body weight AOM in saline s/c at 7 and 8 weeks of age. Animals received experimental diets until sacrificed by CO2 asphyxiation (17 weeks of age). ACF were enumerated in colons. Hepatic antioxidant enzymes were determined;superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), and glutathione (GH). Treatment groups had reduction in ACF compared to CON (154). Lowest ACF observed in HIB 2% + CIN 5% (13.16) with 91.45% reduction compared to CON. ACF observed in treatment groups administered teas and cinnamon combinations were lower than those administered teas singly. SOD and CAT activities in rats administered treatment diets were higher than CON (13.63 U/mL, 0.95 umol·min-l·ml-1). Rats administered COM (20.65 U/mL) had highest SOD activity. CAT activity was 51.27% higher in rats administered HIB 2% (1.96 umol·min-l·ml-1). GPX activity ranged from 7.26 (STW 1% + CIN 2.5%) to 9.59 (STW 2%) umol·min-l·ml-1. Results suggest that herbal teas and spices may reduce the risk of colon cancer and improve antioxidant status;regular consumption may provide beneficial health effects.

Chemopreventive and Anti-Inflammatory Potential of Select Herbal Teas and Cinnamon in an <i>In-Vitro</i>Cell Model

Colon cancer is the third leading cause of death in the US. Herbal teas and spices may reduce the incidence of chronic diseases, including colon cancer. The objectives of this study were to determine the chemopreventive effects of herbal teas and cinnamon in an in-vitro cell model and to evaluate the inhibitory effects of selected extracts on enzymes associated with inflammatory disease. Effects of raspberry leaf (0.5 - 2.0 mg/mL), strawberry leaf (0.4 - 1.0 mg/mL), hibiscus flower (4.0 - 10.0 mg/mL) and cinnamon (400 - 1500 μg/mL) were evaluated for cytotoxicity, induction of caspase and DNA fragmentation in colon cancer (Caco-2) cells to determine possible chemopreventive effects. Effects of extracts on inhibition of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) were also measured to determine possible anti-inflammatory potential. Caco-2 cells were obtained from American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) and maintained in Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle’s Medium with 10% fetal bovine serum. As concentrations of tea increased, LDH release from Caco-2 cells increased, with cytotoxicity ranging from 1% - 80% (hibiscus flower 1.0 mg/mL and strawberry leaf (1.0 mg/mL) for teas. All extract concentrations of herbal teas and cinnamon were able to enhance caspase-3 activity with lowest activity (4.4 mmol/ min/mL) observed in the lowest concentration of cinnamon (400 μg/mL) and highest activity (6.0 mmol/min/mL) seen in the highest concentration of raspberry leaf (2 mg/mL). Tea and spice extracts were able to induce apoptosis in Caco-2 cells exhibited by increased DNA fragmentation (expressed as enrichment factor). Enrichment factor ranged from 1.0 - 1.5 (raspberry leaf 1.0 mg/mL and hibiscus 10.0 mg/mL). Teas and cinnamon exhibited anti-inflammatory potential by inhibiting COX-2 by 0.6% - 8.0% (raspberry leaf 1.0 mg/mL and strawberry leaf 0.8 mg/mL). The results suggest that herbal teas and cinnamon may have significant benefits in chemoprevention.

Determination of the Minerals of the Herbal Tea and Tea Green from Lippia multiflora

This study aims to determine the mineral composition of green teas and herbal tea in the savannah tea plant. Samples of buds, young leaves and broadleaf stems were collected from wild plants of Lippia multiflora in three localities, including two from the Center (Yamoussoukro, Toumodi) and one from the northeast (Bondoukou) of C&#244;te d’Ivoire. The lipid and ash contents were carried out by the AOAC method. The total protein and sugar contents were determined by the Kjeldahl and Agbo methods, respectively. Nine minerals (potassium, calcium, magnesium, iron, sodium, manganese, zinc, copper and cadmium) were quantitated by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS) from green teas (buds and young leaves) and herbal tea of Lippia multiflora. The results showed that ash levels (7.05% - 13.94%) and protein (6.22% - 9.97%) were high, however the lipid contents (1.01% - 2.98%) and total sugars (1.43% - 4.51%) are low. Majority of the minerals are calcium (2320.91 to 36150.10 mg/kg), potassium (2110.71 to 12174.67 mg/kg) and magnesium (3620.87 - 5870.46 mg/kg). Iron (52.55 to 483.11 mg/kg), sodium (35.66 to 469.16 mg/kg) and manganese (15.25 to 76.86 mg/kg) are represented in average proportions. There are small amounts of zinc (9.61 - 47.50 mg/kg), copper (5.66 - 8.71 mg/kg), and cadmium (0.17 - 1.49 mg/kg). Lippia multiflora herbal teas and green teas are low in fat, high in ash and are good sources of protein and minerals.

Review on herbal tea as a functional food:classification,active compounds,biological activity,and industrial status

Most herbal tea infusions use edible medicinal plants as raw material and are consumed daily.Although herbal tea has a long history of health care applications worldwide,there is a lack of systematic research on the classification and functional nutritional value of various herbal teas.In recent years,the discovery of the rich biological activities and health benefits of herbal tea has become a driving force for researchers interested in its development as a functional food.However,the shortcomings of herbal tea products are not fully known.In particular,the quality evaluation system is not perfect,and there is insufficient data on the mechanism of action of herbal teas in their traditional uses.To better understand the functions and mechanisms of various herbal teas,this article reviews the classification,effective chemical composition,main biological activities,and mechanism of action of herbal teas.Finally,the current advantages,limitations,and direction of future development of herbal tea are determined and discussed.

Herbal tea formulation using different flavoured herbs with dried corn silk powder and its sensory and phytochemical analysis

The aim of this study was to use dried corn silk powder variety of VL Baby corn-1 for formulation of flavoured herbal tea with different combination of Thyme(Trachyspermum ammi),Clove(Syzygium aromaticum),Cinnamon powder(Cinnamomum verum),Timur(Zanthoxylum alatum),Tulsi(Holy basil)(Ocimum tenuiflorum),Gandraini(Achillea millefolium),Lemon grass(Cymbopogon citratus),Blend(Clove+Timur+Gandraini),and one only corn silk without any other herbs and to know antioxidant properties of developed tea.Result of sensory evaluation experiment showed that all combinations were liked moderately.Lemon grass flavour followed by cinnamon and clove blend obtained highest score.Total phenolic content,total flavonoid content,DPPH free radical scavenging activity and total antioxidant activity for all flavour are analyzed and reported.Results on DPPH free radical scavenging activity indicated that corn silk tea had 81.215±0.75μg/mL whereas blend with Timur had significant highest value and Thyme blend had lowest value 64.20±0.40 among all eight different blends with corn silk.The values for total antioxidant capacity blends with Timur(Zanthoxylum alatu)in corn silk showed significantly(P<0.05)highest value and Clove,Timur,Gandraini blends got lowest value.

In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluation of Antitumor Activity ofLigustrum robustum, A Chinese Herbal Tea

Objective: To examine the effect of the aqueous extract of Ligustrum robustum on tumor growth in vitro and in vivo and explore the possible molecular mechanisms. Methods: In in vitro study, cell viabilities of human cervical carcinoma cells(HeLa), human breast cancer cells(MCF-7), human prostate cancer cells(PC-3),human hepatoma cells(7721) and human colon carcinoma cells(SW480) were evaluated with cell counting kit-8.For L. robustum-treated Hela cells, early or late apoptosis were evaluated by annexin V/PI staining. Mitochondrial membrane potential was measured by staining cells with JC-1. Apoptosis was monitored by nuclear morphology based on chromatin condensation and fragmentation by 4’,6-diamidino-2-phenylinole(DAPI) staining. Caspase-3 and-8 activity levels were measured by a colorimetric assay. In vivo, to evaluate the possible mechanism of L. robustum-mediated antitumor effect, nude mouse xenograft study was also conducted. Results: In in vitro study, L. robustum was found to be toxic to HeLa, MCF-7, PC-3, 7721, SW480, with an half maximal inhibitory concentration value of 2–5 mg/mL(P<0.05). Moreover, externalization of phosphatidylserine, loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, DNA fragmentation and activation of caspase-3 and-8 were detected in L. robustumtreated Hela cells. Using a nude mouse model bearing Hela xenografts, we found that L. robustum reduced tumor volume and tumor weight(P<0.05), but had no effect on body weight and histological damage of important organs. Intraperitoneal injection of L. robustum caused a signi?cant reduction in serum aspartate transaminase and alanine transaminase levels(P<0.05). Furthermore, cleaved caspase-3-positive and terminal nucleotidyl transferase-mediated nick end labeling(TUNEL)-positive cells were observed in L. robustum-treated tumor tissues.Conclusions: L. robustum inhibits tumor cell growth both in vitro and in vivo by inducing apoptosis in a caspasedependent way without apparent hepatic toxicity and histological damage, which may offer partial scienti?c support for the ethnopharmacological claims of L. robustum as a herbal tea for its antitumor activity.

基于网络药理学和分子对接探究喻氏凉茶抗炎的作用机理

本研究旨在通过网络药理学的方法,解析喻氏凉茶清热解毒的关键靶点及分子作用机制。通过TCMSP数据库挖掘获得喻氏凉茶中药材的有效成分,运用Uniprot和GeneCards数据库获得与药效成分互作的炎症靶点基因,对交集靶点进行GO功能富集分析以及KEGG信号通路分析。利用Cytoscape 3.7.2软件构建“药材-成分-靶点”网络关系图。通过STRING平台构建蛋白-蛋白互作网络(Protein-protein interaction,PPI),利用Cytoscape 3.7.2进行拓扑分析,确定喻氏凉茶抗炎的核心靶点。利用AutoDockTools-1.5.7将喻氏凉茶抗炎核心靶点与对应的药物有效成分进行分子对接,运用Discovery Studio 2019可视化。从喻氏凉茶10种药材中共获得139种有效成分,297个作用靶点基因。PPI互作网络的核心靶点为肿瘤坏死因子(TNF)、过氧化物酶体增殖受体(PPARG)、血管内皮生长因子A(VEGFA)、丝裂原活化蛋白激酶3(MAPK3)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、信号传导及转录激活蛋白3(STAT3)。GO功能富集分析与KEGG信号通路分析表明,靶点基因涉及876个生物过程,83个分子功能、36个细胞组分以及119条通路。分子对接结果表明,核心靶点与相应的有效成分有结合活性。本研究初步探究了喻氏凉茶抗炎的多成分、多靶点、多通路的作用机制,为解析喻氏凉茶清热解毒功效提供了理论支撑,为后续的深入开发利用奠定了基础。

25份市售金银花代用茶的质量调查及活性成分分析数据集

为了进一步完善金银花代用茶的质量标准,本研究调查分析了25份不同品牌市售金银花代用茶的质量相关特征。根据预包装食品标签通则对25份市售商品金银花代用茶的标签合规性进行检查,根据农业行业标准对金银花代用茶进行性状考察并评定等级。采用pH计测定样品pH值;采用紫外分光光度法测定样品总黄酮含量;采用高效液相色谱法测定绿原酸含量。利用SPSS、Excel等统计工具,分析数据之间的相关性和分布特征。根据25份市售金银花的调查检测,共计361个检测结果。本数据集将为金银花代用茶国家标准的制定提供参考价值。

微量QuEChERS-超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法检测凉茶中59种非法添加化学药物

目的:建立一种微量QuEChERS(micro-QuEChERS)结合超高效液相色谱-串联质谱(UPLC-MS/MS)同时检测凉茶中59种非法添加药物的分析方法。方法:样品用乙腈超声提取5 min,提取液用NaCl及无水Na_(2)SO_(4)进行盐析分层,上清液用C_(18)吸附剂进行净化后,经ACQUITY HSS T3(100 mm×2.1 mm,1.8μm)色谱柱分离,以0.01%甲酸水溶液(A)-乙腈:甲醇(8:2)(B)为流动相进行梯度洗脱,并采用电喷雾正负离子多反应监测模式检测,空白基质外标法定量。结果:59种化合物在其线性浓度范围内,线性关系良好,决定系数均大于0.999,检出限为5.0~10.0μg/L,定量限为10.0~25.0μg/L。在25.0、50.0、100.0μg/L 3个添加水平下,平均回收率为60.3%~128.8%(n=6),相对标准偏差(RSD)1.0%~13.7%。结论:该方法操作简单,净化效果好,灵敏度高,可用于凉茶中59种非法添加化学药物的快速分析。

基于响应面法优化高效液相色谱法检测凉茶颗粒中7种绿原酸及其类似物的微波辅助萃取条件

在采用高效液相色谱法测定时,以凉茶颗粒样品中7种绿原酸及其类似物总含量为响应值,通过单因素法和响应面法,优化了萃取溶剂甲醇溶液的体积分数(因素A)、萃取时间(因素B)、萃取温度(因素C)和料液比[样品用量和提取溶剂体积的比值,单位g:mL,因素D]等微波辅助萃取条件。取1.00 g凉茶颗粒样品,加入20 mL 70%(体积分数,下同)甲醇溶液,涡旋溶解1 min,置于微波萃取仪中,于80℃萃取2.0 min。萃取液过0.22μm滤膜,滤液按照色谱条件测定。在色谱分析中,以ZORBAX Eclipse Plus C_(18)色谱柱为固定相,不同体积比的0.1%(体积分数)磷酸溶液和甲醇的混合溶液为流动相进行梯度洗脱分离,采用二极管阵列检测器在325 nm波长下检测。结果显示:采用Box-Behnken中心组合设计,通过四因素三水平试验建立了二次多项回归模型,其中A2,B2对7种目标物总含量的影响极显著,AD,D2影响显著,且交互因素的影响和等高线、响应面所得的一致;在优化的微波辅助萃取条件下,7种目标物的总测定值为32.98 mg·kg^(-1),是预测值(41.10 mg·kg^(-1))的80.3%,说明回归模型的可靠性较高;7种目标物的质量浓度均在0.01~4.0 mg·L^(-1)内和峰面积呈线性关系,检出限(3S/N)为0.12~0.60 mg·kg^(-1);按标准加入法进行回收试验,7种目标物的回收率为97.5%~105%,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)为1.4%~6.9%。

UPLC-MS/MS测定代用茶中98种非法添加化学药物

目的 建立一种基于UPLC-MS/MS平台同时测定代用茶中98种非法添加化学物质的筛查方法。方法 样品采用50%甲醇溶液超声提取,以ACQUITY?HSS T3(2.1 mm×100 mm,1.8μm)为色谱柱,以乙腈(含0.1%甲酸)-10 mmol/L甲酸铵溶液(含0.1%甲酸)作为流动相,采用ESI离子源正负离子模式进行多反应监测(MRM)扫描,通过保留时间、质谱母离子及碎片离子确定非法添加的化学物质。结果 所测的98种化合物均在相应的线性范围内呈现良好的线性关系(r≥0.995),在1.0,5.0,25.0 ng/ml 3个浓度水平上回收率在60.1%~125.8%之间,检出限为0.0031~0.3432μg/g,定量限为0.0102~1.1440μg/g,分析时间为35 min。结论 该方法简捷、高效,能较好地针对代用茶中风险较高的98种非法添加化合物进行筛查,为代用茶的监管提供了有力的技术支撑。

PGA穴位埋线联合代茶饮治疗脾虚湿盛型单纯性肥胖症的疗效观察

目的:观察PGA线体穴位埋线联合中药代茶饮治疗脾虚湿盛型单纯性肥胖症的疗效。方法:将90例脾虚湿盛型单纯性肥胖症患者随机分为观察组及对照1组、对照2组各30例,观察组采用PGA穴位埋线联合代茶饮治疗,对照1组采用PGA穴位埋线治疗,对照2组采用代茶饮治疗,4周为1个疗程。治疗前后记录患者体重、体重指数(BMI)、腰围、中医症候评分的变化并据此统计疗效;同时检测患者甘油三酯(TG)、胆固醇(TC)、高密度脂蛋白(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL-C)、空腹血糖(FBG)、血清胰岛素(FINS)等指标的变化。结果:经过2个疗程治疗,观察组总有效率为93.33%,对照1组为76.67%,对照2组为73.33%,观察组总有效率高于对照1组及对照2组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);三组患者体重、BMI、腰围、TG、TC、HDL-C、LDL-C均有显著改善,且观察组疗效优于对照1组及对照2组(P<0.05、P<0.01);观察组中医症候总有效率为93.33%,对照1组为66.67%,对照2组为76.67%,观察组中医症候总有效率高于对照1组及对照2组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:PGA穴位埋线联合代茶饮是治疗脾虚湿盛型单纯性肥胖症的有效方法。

A Comparison of Selected Phytochemical and Antioxidant Potential of Two Tea Beverages

Herbal teas have been used as medicinal aids for centuries to treat a myriad of illnesses and have also been suggested to function in chemoprevention. Having numerous phytochemicals, the purported health benefits of herbal teas may be due to their antioxidant potential. Herbal tea blends infused with spices are increasing in popularity in U.S., and preliminary studies suggest the synergistic effects of combining herbal teas and spices. Some teas that are increasing in popularity include raspberry leaf, strawberry leaf, and hibiscus. The objectives of this study were to determine the antioxidant capacity of tea beverages (herbal (HT) (functional yogurt-based beverage-new product) and Chai (CT) (store bought) and to determine consumer preferences of tea beverages (HT and CT). Total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), free radical scavenging activity by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryhydrazyl (DPPH), trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) were evaluated in methanolic and aqueous beverage extracts. A functional yogurt-based beverage (HT) was developed and sensory analysis was also conducted using a 5-point hedonic scale comparing consumer preference of HT or CT beverages. The highest phenolic content was observed in CT aqueous extracts (AQ) (500 mg GAE/g), all other extracts had significantly (P ≤ 0.05) lower phenolic content. CTAQ had significantly (P ≤ 0.05) higher flavonoid content compared to all other extracts (1.7 mg CAE/g). The highest DPPH radical scavenging activity was observed in HT methanolic extracts (ME) (44.48% inhibition). The lowest DPPH radical scavenging was observed in HTAQ (21.88% inhibition). Approximately 61% of sensory panelists gave the yogurt-based developed product a rank of 4 or greater (on a 5-point hedonic scale) with 41% of panelists preferring the HT beverage over CT beverage. The results of this study suggest that a combination of herbal teas and spices may benefit consumers by improving their antioxidant status and may have potential as a functional-beverage.

高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定凉茶中8种非法添加药物

文章以临床常用、与感冒咳嗽适应症高度吻合的8种化学药物为研究对象,建立高效液相色谱-串联质谱同时测定多种非法添加化学药物的分析方法。样品经甲醇超声提取,以5 mmol/L甲酸铵溶液(含0.1%甲酸)–0.1%甲酸乙腈为流动相体系进行梯度洗脱,采用Agilent Poreshell EC-C18(100 mm×2.1 mm,2.7μm)色谱柱分离,外标法定量。8种目标化合物在线性范围内线性关系良好,相关系数均大于0.9993,方法检出限为0.01~0.3 mg/kg,方法定量限为0.025~1 mg/kg,基质效应系数的绝对值均小于18%。各目标化合物的平均回收率为65.0%~105.7%,重复性相对标准偏差(n=6)范围为1.6%~10.6%,24 h内进样精密度相对标准偏差均小于6%。该方法简单快速,灵敏度高,准确性、重复性和稳定性良好,填补现行标准的技术空白,可满足实际检验工作的需要。

表面增强拉曼光谱法快速测定凉茶中的甲硝唑

目的建立一种表面增强拉曼光谱法(surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy,SERS)快速检测凉茶中甲硝唑的方法。方法以乙腈为提取剂,以十八烷基键合硅胶固定相和N-丙基乙二胺为净化剂对凉茶样品进行提取净化,获得凉茶样品待测液。利用光还原原理,在太阳光照下通过甲醇还原四氯金酸合成了金纳米颗粒。将合成的金纳米颗粒作为基底材料,对凉茶样品待测液进行表面增强拉曼光谱分析。结果在0.05~3.00g/L范围内,甲硝唑的特征峰强度和浓度具有良好的线性关系,相关系数为0.9991,方法检出限为0.05g/L,方法成功应用于凉茶样品中甲硝唑的检测,回收率为92.1%~102.0%,相对标准偏差为3.8%~8.5%。结论本方法准确度高、操作简单快速,满足凉茶中甲硝唑的快速检测要求,在凉茶中非法添加物现场快速检测方面具有良好的应用潜力。

美亚通复合植物茶促NO生成及其降糖作用

为探讨美亚通复合植物茶(YCHT)的促NO生成及降糖作用。选取H9C2、PC-12细胞、HUVEC细胞,加入不同质量浓度的YCHT孵育24 h后,检测各质量浓度YCHT对3种细胞的存活率以及细胞内外NO的含量;在正常大鼠体内给予YCHT后,观察其对正常动物空腹血糖的影响;以链脲佐菌素诱导SD大鼠建立糖尿病大鼠模型,分析各组动物的空腹血糖值;通过建立高糖果蝇模型,以体质量、海藻糖为检测指标,观察YCHT对高糖果蝇的影响。结果显示,YCHT作用于H9C2、PC-12、HUVEC细胞24 h后存活率为80%以上的质量浓度分别为3.12、1.56和3.12 mg/mL;YCHT在3.5 mg/mL的质量浓度下分别作用于H9C2和HUVEC细胞24 h,或1.5 mg/mL的质量浓度下作用于PC-12细胞,细胞上清液与细胞裂解液中的NO含量均显著升高,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);在每kg体质量5.1 g剂量下,正常SD大鼠的初始体质量、初始空腹血糖值、实验终期的体质量、空腹血糖值与空白对照组相比,无显著差异(P>0.05);在低剂量受试组(每kg体质量0.85 g剂量)中,实验终期的空腹血糖值显著降低(P<0.05);同时,m(YCHT):m(培养基)=5%受试组还降低了高糖果蝇体质量及海藻糖水平(P<0.05)。结果表明,YCHT在适当质量浓度下不影响H9C2、PC-12、HUVEC细胞的存活率,并能促进H9C2、PC-12、HUVEC细胞增加NO的生成;每kg体质量5.1 g剂量的YCHT对正常SD大鼠的体质量及空腹血糖值没有影响;合适剂量的YCHT能逆转高糖SD大鼠空腹血糖值的升高,以及逆转高糖果蝇体质量和海藻糖水平的增加。

术前口服中药代茶饮在妇科围手术期患者口渴症状中的应用研究

目的观察术前口服生津止渴中药代茶饮对改善妇科围手术期患者口渴症状的效果。方法选取嘉兴市妇幼保健医院妇科2022年3—8月收住的气管插管全麻下行腹腔镜子宫全切手术的患者100例,按入院先后顺序分为观察组和对照组,各50例。观察组术前予口服自制的生津止渴中药代茶饮,对照组术前予口服清饮料。评估2组患者术前、术后口渴程度(PTDS)和口腔舒适度(NRS)。并观察术后不良反应发生的情况。结果2组患者术后PTDS评分、NRS评分差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),观察组PTDS评分与NRS评分均优于对照组。2组均未有不良反应发生。结论术前口服生津止渴中药代茶饮能有效缓解妇科围手术期患者口渴不适,提高患者的口腔舒适度。