On Incentive and Coordination Mechanism of Service Outsourcing Based on Principal-Agent Theory and Blockchain Technology

To address the issue of information asymmetry between the two parties and moral hazard among service providers in the process of service outsourcing,this paper builds the Stackelberg game model based on the principal-agent framework,examines the dynamic game situation before the contract being signed,and develops four information models.The analysis reveals a Pareto improvement in the game’s Nash equilibrium when comparing the four models from the standpoint of the supply chain.In the complete information scenario,the service level of the service provider,the customer company’s incentive effectiveness,and the supply chain system’s ultimate profit are all maximized.Furthermore,a coordinating mechanism for disposable profit is built in this study.The paper then suggests a blockchain-based architecture for the service outsourcing process supervision and a distributed incentive mechanism under the coordination mechanism in response to the inadequacy of the principal-agent theory to address the information asymmetry problem and the moral hazard problem.The experiment’s end findings demonstrate that both parties can benefit from the coordination mechanism,and the application of blockchain technology can resolve these issues and effectively encourage service providers.

Combination of Nitrogen-Rich Skeleton and Coordination Group:Synthesis of a High-Energy Primary Explosive Based on 1H-Tetrazole-5-Carbohydrazide

The high energy coordination compounds Cu(TZCA)_(2)(ClO_(4))_(2)(ECCs-1) was prepared by 1H-tetrazole-5-carbohydrazide(TZCA) with a high energy skeleton and a strong coordination ability group.At the same time,the reaction activity of the ligand was explored,and the single crystal structure of it and intermediate were obtained.The structures of all substances were characterized by IR and EA.And the structure and composition of ECCs-1 are confirmed by ESP,AC,SEM and ICP-OES.Physical and chemical properties tests show that ECCs-1 has an acceptable thermal stability(T_(d)=177℃) and extremely sensitive mechanical stimulation(IS=1 J,FS=5 N).The comprehensive performance test results show that ECCs-1 has excellent initiation ability.In addition,the decomposition mechanism of ECCs-1 is explored from two aspects of experiment and theoretical calculation.

SIMULTANEOUS POLYMERIZATION AND FORMATION OF POLYPHENYLACETYLENE FILMS BY RARE-EARTH COORDINATION CATALYSIS Ⅳ.KINETICS AND MECHANISM OF POLYMERIZATION

The CO_2 quenching method has been used for the first time to determine the active complex concen- tration in Nd(naph)_3-Al(i-Bu)_3 catalyst system for polymerization of phenylacetylene into polyphenylacetylene(PPA)films.The kinetics and mechanism of this polymerization have been investigated by CO_2 quenching and IR,UV analytical methods.The kinetic equation can be expressed as Rp=k[M][Cp],and the apparent activation energy is about 13.6 kJ/mol.There is self-termination of chain propagating.Models for formation of the active complex and polymerization mechanism are proposed.

Coordination mechanism of developing unification of urban agglomeration: A case study of south Sichuan urban agglomerations

With the expansion of the urbanization, the urban agglomeration is forming in the region and showing a unification trend. The development of urban agglomeration and its unification depends on the coordination of the division of labor. It is significant to the further development of urban agglomeration that the coordination mechanism was constructed. Taking the south Sichuan urban agglomerations(SSUA) as an example, the research analyzes the current situation and problems of cities' unification, studies the industrial distribution layout and designs the framework of the regionally coordinated development. Then the author constructs the coordination mechanism of urban agglomeration development and presents strategies for the coordinated development of urban agglomeration and its unification.

Research on Coordination Mechanism in Construction Project Organization

The construction process of modern project is distributed across teams, departments, or systems, each of which is corresponding to a particular project unit. Conflicts often occur in construction project organization because of the improper coordination amongbetween these project units. The primary reason for coordination puzzle in project organization is generally the diversification of culture and technology. In order to enhance the organization’s performance efficiency, good and effective coordination mechanism aimed at diversification of culture and technology is needed. The relationship amongbetween parties and project units is defined and expressed through contract, so construction project organization usually relies on various contracts to deal with its cooperative partner relationship. However, the contractual mode is a defensive method which is more prone to conflicts than the conglomerate of diversification, especially evaluated from the aspects of culture and value. By culture integration—a more flexible way to make up the shortage of contractual mode, a harmonious atmosphere in which organization members can exert their potential ability can be created to help project administrators mitigate organization conflicts and achieve the common goals of project organization. Based on arbitration theory, moreover, this paper puts forward a combined coordination mechanism-hierarchical coordination and nonhierarchical coordination—to resolve the conflicts resulted from diversification of technology. The introduction of intelligent agents system has the advantage of a more systematic and organizational method in reality without causing unnecessary emotional and the behavioural side effects is an effective instrument to utilize this coordination mechanism and realizes its established goals.

A Comprehensive Evaluation Framework of Water-Energy-Food System Coupling Coordination in the Yellow River Basin,China

For mankind’s survival and development,water,energy,and food(WEF)are essential material guarantees.In China,however,the spatial distribution of WEF is seriously unbalanced and mismatched.Here,a collaborative governance mechanism that aims at nexus security needs to be urgently established.In this paper,the Yellow River Basin in China with a representative WEF system,was selected as a case.Firstly,a comprehensive framework for WEF coupling coordination was constructed,and the relationship and mechanism between them were analyzed theoretically.Then,we investigated the spatiotemporal characteristics and driving mechanisms of the coupling coordination degree(CCD)with a composite evaluation method,coupling coordination degree model,spatial statistical analysis,and multiscale geographic weighted regression.Finally,policy implications were discussed to promote the coordinated development of the WEF system.The results showed that:1)WEF subsystems showed a significant imbalance of spatial pattern and diversity in temporal changes;2)the CCD for the WEF system varied little and remained at moderate coordination.Areas with moderate coordination have increased,while areas with superior coordination and mild disorder have decreased.In addition,the spatial clustering phenomenon of the CCD was significant and showed obvious characteristics of polarization;and 3)the action of each factor is self-differentiated and regionally variable.For different factors,GDP per capita was of particular importance,which contributed most to the regional development’s coupling coordination.For different regions,GDP per capita,average yearly precipitation,population density,and urbanization rate exhibited differences in geographical gradients in an east-west direction.The conclusion can provide references for regional resource allocation and sustainable development by enhancing WEF system utilization efficiency.

Effect of fluoride ions on coordination structure of titanium in molten NaCl–KCl

The effects of fluoride ions(F^(-)) on the electrochemical behavior and coordination properties of titanium ions(Ti^(n+)) were studied in this work,by combining electrochemical and mathematical analysis as well as spectral techniques.The α was taken as a factor to indicate the molar concentration ratio of F^(-) and Ti^(n+).Cyclic voltammetry(CV),square wave voltammetry(SWV),and open circuit potential method(OCP)were used to study the electrochemical behavior of titanium ions under conditions of various α,and in-situ sampler was used to prepare molten salt samples when α equal to 0.0,1.0,2.0,3.0,4.0,5.0,6.0,and 8.0.And then,samples were analyzed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS) and Raman spectroscopy.The results showed that F^(-) in molten salt can reduce the reduction steps of titanium ions and greatly affects the proportion of valence titanium ions which making the high-valence titanium content increased and more stable.Ti^(2+) cannot be detected in the molten salt when α is higher than 3.0 and finally transferred to titanium ions with higher valence state.Investigation revealed that the mechanism behind those phenomenon is the coordination compounds(TiCl_(j) F_(i)^(m-)) forming.

Determination of the workspace of a new coordinate-measuring machine using parallel-link mechanism

Presents the detailed algorithm established for determination of workspace for a 3-DOF coordinate measuring machine using parallel link mechanism by constructing the inverse kinematic model first and then reviewing the physical and kinematical constraints from the structural characteristics of the parallel link mechanism, and discusses the actual geometries of workspace and the factors having effect on workspace through computer simulation thereby providing necessary theoretical basis for the research and development of coordinate measuring machines using parallel link mechanism.

Protect Sick Prisoners' Rights Through Regulation and Innovation——Chengdu launches coordinating mechanism for sick prisoners with major diseases

In May 2011, the Prison Management Bureau of Sichuan Province in Southwest China held a conference in its capital city Chengdu to discuss the management of severely sick prisoners. Coordinating Management on Major Diseases of Sick Prisoners in Sichuan （Trial） was issued then, marking the start of an overall deployment.

Hydrothermal in situ Ligand Synthesis from 1,10-Phenanthroline-5,6-dione and Characterization of 1D Coordination Polymers [Co(bpdc)(H_2O)_3]·H_2O and [Cu(bpy)V_2O_6]

Hydrothermal treatment of MCl2 （ M = Co or Cu ） , NH4 VO3, and 1,10-phenanthroline-5,6-dione （pdon） resulted in the formation of a duplex coordination polymer [ Co （ bpdc ） （ H2O ） 3 ] · H2O （ bpdc = 2,2＇-bipyridine-3,3＇-dicarboxylate） and a chain-like coordination polymer [ Cu （bpy） V2O6 ] （ bpy = 2,2＇-bipyridine ）. X-ray single-crystal structural analysis shows that under hydrothermal conditions and in the presence of different transition metals, the organic reagent pdon was transformed in situ into bpdc and bpy, respectively. Mechanism of the in situ ligand synthesis reaction has been discussed.

Kinetic Studies on Axial Coordination Reaction of Tetraphenylporphinatocobalt（Ⅱ） Chloride

he axial coordination reactions of tetraphenylporphinatocobalt (Ⅲ) chloride(Co TPPC1) with various imidazoles RIm ( HIm . imidazole; Melm , 2-methylimida-zole) were investigated in acetone and dichloromethand solvents at different temper-atures. The reaction mechanisms were proposed and the differences between experi-mental results in the two solvents h ave been interpreted using the proposed mecha-nisms and rate equations for the first time , and the reaction scheme for the axial re-action of the metalloporphyrin has been developed. Hydrogen bonding plays an im-portant role in the reactions. The effects of various imidazoles for these reactionsand the solvents are reported. The comparison between iron and cobalt porphyrinsin the kinetics are discussed.

Application of canonical coordinates for solving single-freedom constraint mechanical systems

This paper introduces the canonical coordinates method to obtain the first integral of a single-degree freedom constraint mechanical system that contains conserva-tive and non-conservative constraint homonomic systems. The definition and properties of canonical coordinates are introduced. The relation between Lie point symmetries and the canonical coordinates of the constraint mechanical system are expressed. By this re-lation, the canonical coordinates can be obtained. Properties of the canonical coordinates and the Lie symmetry theory are used to seek the first integrals of constraint mechanical system. Three examples are used to show applications of the results.

Nested-loop Mechanism Based Modular Multilevel Converter Topology and Optimal Design

普通模块化多电平换流器（modular multilevelconverter,MMC）拓扑中,因子模块数量较多,系统需采集和处理的信息量大,导致控制系统硬件构成复杂。提出一种基于循环嵌套机理的MMC拓扑,其电平输出能力得到显著提升。通过上下两组子模块的协调投切,相对于普通MMC拓扑,新型拓扑输出相同电平数所需的子模块及控制设备数量大幅减少。阐述该新型拓扑的构成方式及基本参数选取原则;针对循环嵌套结构,设计相应的模块协调控制策略;分别以模块用量最小化和换流器运行损耗最小化为目标,优化设计拓扑构成方案。在RTDS中搭建换流器模型,仿真结果表明,新型拓扑具备更强的电平输出能力,并达到大幅减少子模块数量、简化控制系统硬件构成的目标。

POLYMERIZATION MECHANISM OF DIENES WITH HOMOGENEOUS RARE EARTH CATALYSTS

The reaction mechanisms of diene polymerization with homogeneous rare earth catalyst are studied by means of the spectra of ~1H-NMR, one-and two-dimensions ^(13)C-NMR. Based on the data of above NMR spectra, it is proposed that the polymerization reaction proceeds according to the following mechanism: η~4-diene (cis-trans-)and η~3-allyl (syn-anti-).

A Dynamic Job Shop Scheduling Method Based on Ant Colony Coordination System

Due to the stubborn nature of dynamic job shop scheduling problem,a novel ant colony coordination mechanism is proposed in this paper to search for an optimal schedule in dynamic environment.In ant colony coordination mechanism,the dynamic job shop is composed of several autonomous ants.These ants coordinate with each other by simulating the ant foraging behavior of spreading pheromone on the trails,by which they can make information available globally,and further more guide ants make optimal decisions.The proposed mechanism is tested by several instances and the results confirm the validity of it.

Mg_2(OH)_2CO_3·3H_2O Whiskers Growth Mechanism

From the perspective of growth units, the growth mechanism of Mg2（OH）2CO3.3H2O whisker is investigated in this paper. Results show that the growth morphology of Mg2（OH）2CO33H2O whisker is consistent with the model of anion coordination polyhedron growth units. The growth solution Raman shift of Mg2（OH）2CO;3H2O was monitored using Raman spectroscopy. The growth units are [Mg-（OH）4]2- and H2COv The growth process of Mg2（OH）2COf3H2O whisker is as follows： growth unit [Mg-（OH）4]2- first incorporates into the larger dimension [Mg-（OH）4]2-, then the [Mg-（OH）4]2-n combines with H2CO3 into a linear skeleton Mg2（OH）2CO3 in the same line. Mg2（OH）2CO3 combines with H2O by hydrogen bonds and ultimately transforms into Mg2（OH）2COf3H2O whisker. Magnesium carbonate whiskers have a layered structure, each of which is made of magnesium, carbon, oxygen, with H2O in between each layer. When skeletons are superimposed within the same plane as a parallelepiped one, they grow into solid cuboid-shaped whiskers. When the parallelepiped skeletons planes combine with each other through the cascading links, they grow into hollow cylindrical whiskers.

MECHANISM FOR THE INITIATION OF ACRYLONITRILE POLYMERIZATION BY POLYPROPYLENE-BASED POLYAMIDOXIME-THIOUREA COMBINATION

Polymerization of acrylonitrile (AN) in aqueous nitric acid initiated by polypropylene-based polyamidoxime (PPAO)-thiourea (TU) combination has been investigated. The overall rate of polymerization (R_p) under the conditions of [TU]/[PPAO]<0.5 molar ratio isThe molecular weights of the polymers were found to be inversely proportional to 3/2-power of nitric acid concentration and 1-power of thiourea concentration. In addition, it is independent with the concentrations of monomer and PPAO, and decreases with increasing temperature.On the basis of these experimental results, a coordination-proton transfer mechanism for the initiation was proposed and discussed.

The coordination of regional interest in developing river basin

River basin is a special region with the characteristics of entirety and relation, regionality and diversity,gradation and network, openness and dissipation etc. It is an important unit that organizes and governs nationaleconomy as well as a natural region. In river basin, all natural essential factors relate closely each other, and there isremarkable influence between inter-regions. In the process of developing river basin, the multiplex main interest body,the diverse interest demand and the multi-ways of interest realization constitute a complicated interest network, and resultin various contradictions and conflicts. Therefore, effective regional interest coordination mechanism should be estab-lished to coordinate various regional interest relations. They are the public interest realization mechanism, the fairinterest assignment mechanism, the effective interest integration mechanism, the expedited interest expression mecha-nism and the reasonable interest compensative mechanism.