Construction Model of Enterprise Innovation Capacity

This paper sets up the construction model of enterprise innovation capacity by analyzing the personal nature, organization, knowledge and market demand. And this paper demonstrates that enterprise innovation capacity should be based on knowledge grasped by personal and organization in the enterprise. Whether the profit can be brought by innovation is mainly decided by competition advantage from innovation capacity.

Analysis of Impact Factors on Agricultural SMEs′ Technological Innovation Capacity——Case Study of Wenzhou City

The paper investigates impact factors of agricultural SMEs′ technological innovation by questionnaire on the survey of more than 100 agricultural SMEs of Wenzhou City of Jiangsu Province. It selects 14 major factors that influence agricultural SMEs′ technological innovation, they are capital source, enterprise culture, support from leaders, government policy support, effect of key research personnel, communication inside organization, enterprise strategy, technological development level, organizing and coordination inside organization, related information acquisition capacity, external cooperation, association and communication with consumers, change of external market and incentive measures to research personnel. Putting these factors in introductionance ordering by scores, we find out comparatively big impact factors influence agricultural SMEs′ technological innovation among them, they are technological development level, incentive measures to research personnel, capital source, government policy support and enterprise strategy. The paper also puts forward corresponding measures and suggestions: further enhance innovation consciousness and improve technological innovation level of agricultural SMEs; increase incentive measures, strengthen construction of talents team of technological innovation; express scientific research strength of local scientific research institutes and agricultural institution of higher learning, realize integration of industries, universities and research; sound government guiding and pushing mechanism, improve new policy environment of agricultural SMEs′ technological innovation.

Videos in Improving Farmers’ Innovation Capacity for Climate-Smart Forest and Agricultural Practices: An Experience of Madhupur Sal Forest in Bangladesh

Madhupur Sal forest is one of the major forests in Bangladesh which is also under intimidation of severe deforestation due to settlement of the ethnic people and encroachment for farming. However, deforestation is one of the major factors responsible for climatic change events like recurrent natural calamities and degradation of natural resources. Thus, a pilot project was taken in the forest area by Bangladesh Agricultural University to minimize carbon emission through introduction of low emission agricultural practices (vermi-compost and botanical pesticide) in crop production and to increase women’s participation in social forestry program. It also introduced improved cooker in the study area for reducing amount of fire wood for cooking. Video mediated extension approach was used to teach the people of the forest community regarding the consequences of climate change on their livelihoods. Findings showed that, project beneficiaries are now impressively aware on consequences of climate change issues. Around 75% of them are now using own made vermi-compost and botanical pesticide in agricultural production mixed with social forestry, while 42% of them are using improved cooker which has significantly reduced amount of fire wood for cooking. This is ultimately contributing in minimizing the rate of deforestation. However, the project initiatives have created alternate income opportunities of the forest community people through safe and organic cultivation of vegetables and fruits in the leased land. On the other hand, this social forestry programme will directly contribute in reducing consequences of climate change in the long run.

Mechanism of realizing industrial structure upgrading through technology-driven regional innovation capacity

Based on the analysis of the formation process of regional innovation capacity, this paper expatiates that the technology is the basis for industrial structure upgrading, while technological innovation is the power of regional innovation capacity. It points out that the essential of regional industrial structure upgrading is the transition of regional technology structure from one balance to another. The mechanism of realizing industrial structure upgrading through technology-driven regional innovation capacity is also discussed briefly.

Study on Conditions for Enhancing Innovation Capacity of China's Textile Industry

The formation and maintenance of the innovation capacity of our textile industry does not only have to do with the sustainable development of textile industry itself,but also directly decides the international competition

Rural sustainable development:A case study of the Zaozhuang Innovation Demonstration Zone in China

Sustainable development is the central theme of modern global development.With the arrival of the urban era,the vulnerability and instability of rural areas have significantly increased,and rural sustainable development faces serious challenges.To address these issues,the study took the Zaozhuang Innovation Demonstration Zone in China under the National Sustainable Development Agenda as a case,combined with economic,social and land use data during 2016-2020,and applied Granger causality test method to explore the theoretical and practical pathways of“innovation-driven rural sustainable development”.The results showed that rural sustainable development and economic sustainability displayed a trend of synergistic change,with“explosive”growth from 2018 to 2020.The social sustainability steadily increased from 2016 to 2020.Ecological and spatial sustainability continuously declined during the study period.Moreover,the rural innovation capacity of the Zaozhuang Innovation Demonstration Zone displayed rapid growth during 2016-2020.Although the rural innovation capacity of the Zaozhuang Innovation Demonstration Zone has rapidly improved,it has a weak driving effect on rural sustainable development and economic sustainability.There are two primary challenges that must be overcome to ensure the rural sustainable development of the Zaozhuang Innovation Demonstration Zone.The first challenge is the imbalance among the multi-dimensional relationships in the process of rural sustainable development,and the second challenge is the weakening of rural innovation capacity to drive rural sustainable development.To overcome these challenges,this study proposed a systematic pathway for rural sustainable development in the Zaozhuang Innovation Demonstration Zone from multidimensions,such as policy actions,technologies,projects,and institutional guarantees,and formed a universal and representative“Zaozhuang model”.This study expands the theoretical foundation of rural sustainable development and provides theoretical and practical support for innovation-driven rural sustainable development.

Innovation as Force for Economic Development

The fierce business competition overcomes the inertia of obsolescence of organizations,leading them to a constant search for improvement and cost reduction in their processes to offer products and services differentiated from the competition,with the use of business strategies based on technological innovation.In this way,innovation is one of the strategies most pursued by companies that understand that through the gain of market share,they achieve better financial results for themselves and contribute directly to the economic development of the nation.In this search for overcoming its position in the ranking in which they operate,companies,through the emphasis given to innovation applied to the Industry 4.0,appropriate more skilled labor,either to obtain resources for their productive machine to function,or to bring the best ideas to the market,and thus achieve higher levels in the competition.In this way,results show that it is possible to infer that,by demanding the levels of qualification of the individuals for higher skill levels,innovation contributes to increase the rates of employability and,consequently,to become one of the driving forces of economic development.

An Institutional Innovation for Agricultural Technology Adaptation and Adoption： Rice in West and Central Africa

This paper traces the origins and achievements of the R^seau Ouest et Centre Africain du Riz--ROCARIZ （West and Central Africa Rice Research and Development Network）. The ROCARIZ institutional arrangement showed that rice science is approached from multi-stakeholder perspectives that place end users and entrepreneurs at the center of research for development, and collaboration among rice-based stakeholders can be enhanced and sustained. The ROCARIZ used competitive research grants through multi-stakeholder task forces to generate, adapt, and facilitate the adoption of rice-based technologies and approaches by resource poor households. The grants contributed to： （1） farmer adoption of high yielding and multiple stress resilient lowland NERICAs （New Rices for Africa） （NERICA-L）; （2） producer access to credit and services resulting in increased marketing of quality seed rice, paddy, and grain rice by farmer entrepreneurs and poor rural households; （3） improved skills of stakeholders on the use of impact assessment tools to demonstrate adoption of rice-based technologies; （4） enhanced skills of rice breeders in molecular assisted marker selection to shorten the varietal development process; and （S） experiential learning and sharing to improve access to information and knowledge.

Development of College Students' Innovation and Entrepreneurship Ability under the Model of Personalized Education

The essence of personalized education is an innovative education that respects individual differences. With the continuous evolution of the times,the ability of innovation and entrepreneurship has become the key to reflecting comprehensive national strength. In response to the call of China to build " an innovative country",colleges and universities should cultivate students' individualized thinking and methods and abilities to solve problems on the basis of respecting the creativity and subjectivity of college students,and lay a solid foundation for students' future innovation and entrepreneurship. In this paper,the present situation of students' independent development promoted by personalized education at home and abroad was analyzed firstly,and the existing problems and solutions were pointed out. The study aims to contribute to the acceleration of China's innovation-driven development.

Problems of Agricultural Technological Innovation in China and Countermeasures

Major problems of agricultural technological innovation in China were summarized as below: first,poor agricultural science and technology system; second,deficient technological promotion system; third,shortage of agricultural professionals; fourth,serious shortage of science and technology input. In view of these problems,the following suggestions were given to improve the innovation of agricultural technology in China. ( 1) Restructuring agricultural research institutes,establishing cooperative innovation centers,improving agricultural technological innovation system; ( 2) Specifying the direction of research projects,improving scientific research level of technicians,so as to improve the agricultural technological innovation capacity; ( 3) Improving promotion and service stations in towns,organizing technological service teams of agricultural universities and colleges,establishing agricultural technological promotion systems; ( 4) Increasing input in agricultural technological innovation by attracting government input,enterprise investment and other financial support; ( 5) Cultivating more talents of agricultural technology,training leading agricultural technicians,grassroots agricultural service staff and practical talents.

Absorptive Capacity and Knowledge Flows for Large International Finns： A Survey

The main objective of this paper is that of surveying both theoretic and econometric models exploring the existence of knowledge spillovers and quantifying firm＇s ability to identify, assimilate, and exploit existing information （absorptive capacity）. In so doing, we explore different methodologies through which we may analyze the knowledge transmission： both the production function approach and the knowledge function approach. In order to construct the spillover stocks, different dimensions are considered： geographic and technological.

Influence of Human Resource Needs on Adoption of Forest Innovations in Kenya

A combination of factors, including inadequate interactive influence of professional human resource needs, contributes to low adoption of forest innovations. This study was conducted to assess the influence of quantity of professional human resource needs on adoption of forest innovations across relevant institutions in Kenya. The study considered 51 main institutions involved in, or support conservation activities, of which 33 were public, 14 non-governmental, and 4 private. Purposive sampling was used due to the heterogeneity of the institutions involved in conservation. Primary data were collected using a structured questionnaire. A quartile graph-based quantitative model was used to establish the differences in capacity variation expressed as expected variation region or the common cause and the unexpected variation region or the special cause. The latter should be investigated and acted upon. Statistical analysis involved Levene’s Test of Equality of Variances. Embracing both approaches confirmed the model as an appropriate quantitative analytical framework for assessing and articulating elements of institutional capacity, and that quantity of professional human capital (P < 0.05) is key to influencing adoption of forest innovations in Kenya. The study reiterates that to overcome professional capacity gaps and respond to conservation paradigm shift, quantity was relevant and was an imperative policy issue.

Tourism Entropy as a Critical Factor for Destination Sustainability:Assessment of Carrying Capacity Through IoTs and Determination of Tourism Satisfaction

This paper introduces a novel methodology to address the issue of destination carrying capacity assessment and monitoring,while,to develop a new tool to enable effective and optimized policy making in tourism sector.Tourism fits together a chain value,where stakeholders are working as cogwheels targeting the sustainability.An inherent requirement towards the objectives of sustainability is the capacity of policy makers to sustain the available social,economic,and environmental resources.Given the facts that(i)carrying capacity is a complex,dynamic,multidimensional concept,apparently vague,as such it is quite difficult to assess and monitor and(ii)each destination has unique characteristics,varying the extent and intensity of tourism development,the research proposal refines and implements measures and establishes a state-of-the-art data collection network in order to monitor tourism development in terms of sustainability and to establish an integrated carrying capacity estimation framework.Since validity and reliability of input data is a critical issue,different kind of sensors for environmental data(IoTs)are used,as well as web mining methods and field surveys,statistical information and secondary research results.Also,specialized analysis methods are applied and integration of all sources is achieved,defining the characteristics of the tourism destination ecosystem from the perspective of entropy change,in order to provide planning,policy making,and decision support,as well as a set of intelligent tools.

Obstacles to the Success of Organizational and Managerial Innovation in Construction SMEs in Burkina Faso

This research is based on a qualitative approach based on the exploitation of secondary data.The objective of the research is to determine the factors likely to influence the success of innovation in small and medium enterprises(SMEs)of Building and Public Works(BTP)in Burkina Faso.To do this,we issued two research proposals that served as a guide for our research.It emerged that 77% of SMEs reported having innovated in 2019,while the same study concluded to the underperformance of these companies.Hence,there is the need to distinguish between innovation actions and the success of innovation.For us,the success of innovation is based on information transparency in the company and the development of human resources.The results showed that the information does not circulate the construction companies and it results in a lack of meeting place.In addition,construction and civil engineering SMEs lack competent and qualified staff and are not very motivated.Indeed,only 52% of business leaders are satisfied with the motivation of their staff.In terms of competence,97% business leaders say that they have qualified staff and even 87% say not to delegate because they lack qualified staff.In fact,obtaining approval requires the existence of qualified personnel in the company,which justifies this assertion to 97%.And yet,the staff presented for the approval is not the one available in the company.Moreover,the lack of competent and motivated staff is confirmed by the MOE and MOD.Our two research proposals have been validated.However,we noted that this is a partial search for the factors that influence the success of innovation in construction SMEs that could be complemented by other research.

TO WELCOME THE ERA OF THE KNOWLEDGE ECONOMY BY PERFECTING OUR OWN SELF-DEVELOPMENT CAPACITY

All staff members at our Academy praise the key decision made by the Party’s leading group at the CAS to implement the Program of Knowledge Innovation. Also, they believe the move offers both our Academy and its research institutes a precious opportunity for rejuvenating China’ s S&T endeavors at the turn of the century. Our Institute has a

Research on the Relationship Between Absorbed Slack and Technology Innovation

This paper divides the absorbed slack into dispersed slack and combined slack from the point of view of control right and analyzes the affection these two kinds of slacks have on the innovation. This research build a model of structural equation reflecting the relationship among the slack, absorbed capacity and innovation and proved this model with the data get from 607 enterprises by questionnaire. The result indicates that the dispersed slack and combined slack have positive relationship respectively with product innovation and process innovation and different slacks have some matching relationship with different absorptive capacities, which can result in different innovative output. This shows that the slack in Chinese enterprises can also promote the innovative output just like the western enterprises; so reducing the staff according to simple principles perhaps cannot be the most efficient way to improve the effectiveness in Chinese enterprises.

Innovation capacity and the role of information systems:a qualitative study

Today businesses are facing radical transformations through digitalization of services and products.Accordingly,their ability to innovate is increasingly linked to the capacity to innovate through information and communication technologies(ICTs).This article investigates the role of information systems(IS)as a key factor for innovation capacity.To this end,the article discusses an interpretive framework for understanding the degree of capacity of innovation through information systems(IS)reached by a given company and the contradictions that bound its evolution.An interpretive study is also presented,where the framework has been applied to seven French companies from various industries.Consistently with the framework,the interviews address process areas and practices related to three core categories:management,innovation engineering and support.The study reveals seven fundamental contradictions that can explain the main tendencies observed across the companies.

Absorptive Capacities for Sustainability Technologies:Perspectives from the BRICS and China

For the development process in the rapidly growing economies, knowledge transfer and technology cooperation are becoming important issues. Research and technological competences are key indicators for the absorptive capacity of sustainability technologies and for the ability to export them. These issues are analyzed empirically for Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa (BRICS). Sustainability related research in BRICS is mostly carried out within broader, more sector oriented programmes. Specialization patterns of international patents and in foreign trade indicate various strengths and weaknesses of the BRICS countries. The differences within the countries imply that the analysis must proceed at a technology specific level. China has considerable capabilities in technologies such as photovoltaics, solar thermal or buildings. There is a strong need for strategic positioning of the countries and for coordination of the various policy fields involved.

National Innovation Capacity Index: A Cross-Country Comparative Analysis

The national innovation capacity(NIC) has received increasingly more attention from academia and policy makers. This study develops a methodology for measuring NIC with a view to provide the evidence for policy-making concerning national innovation capacity-building, and conducts a crosscountry comparison based on the panel data of 2006-2015.(1) National innovation capacity index(NICI) is established to measure the performance of NIC from two perspectives, namely national innovation strength index(NISI) and national innovation effectiveness index(NIEI).(2) Developed countries usually perform better than developing countries in terms of the NICI if there is no huge gap in economic scale between two kinds of countries.(3) Emerging countries show greater imbalance between the NISI and the NIEI, and have generally higher average annual growth rate of the NISI and the NIEI than that of developed countries.(4) National innovation strength is closely related to national economic scale while national innovation effectiveness is closely related to national development level. Some theoretical considerations in this research may make contributions to innovation development studies.(1) NIC is regarded as the capacity for scientific discovery and technology invention, and for driving economic, social and environmental development, which emphasizes the driving effect and the influence of innovation on development.(2) The concepts such as the NISI and the NIEI are introduced to measure the NIC so as to distinguish the contribution of the size of innovation activities to the NIC and the contribution of the efficiency and efficacy of innovation-driven development to the NIC.(3) The indicator system of the NICI is designed from the perspective of the full spectrum of capacity-building process ranging from input to output by introducing the "innovation condition" as a broad sense "innovation input" and the "innovation outcome" as a broad sense "innovation output".