Hierarchical Direct Time Integration Method and Adaptive Procedure for Dynamic Analysis

New hierarchical direct time integration method for structural dynamic analysis is developed by using Taylor series expansions in each time step. Very accurate results can be obtained by increasing the order of the Taylor series. Furthermore, the local error can be estimated by simply comparing the solutions obtained by the proposed method with the higher order solutions. This local estimate is then used to develop an adaptive order control technique. Numerical examples are given to illustrate the performance of the present method and its adaptive procedure.

Optimizing the micropore-to-mesopore ratio of carbon-fiber-cloth creates record-high specific capacitance

The application of commercial carbon fiber cloth(CFC) in energy storage equipment is limited by its low specific capacitance and energy density. By a simple one-step activation treatment, the specific surface area of CFCs with porous structure can be increased considerably from 3.9 up to 875 m^2/g and the electrochemical properties of CFCs can be improved by three orders of magnitude(1324 mF/cm^2). Moreover,the hydrophobicity of CFCs can be transformed into superhydrophilicity. However, the electrochemical performance of CFCs does not show a positive correlation with specific surface area but have a strong relationship with the hierarchical pore distribution forged by the annealing treatment. Only moderate micropore and mesoporous ratio enables optimizing the electrochemical performance of CFCs.

New Developments in Maritime Communications： a Comprehensive Survey

This paper summarizes the requirements for modem maritime wireless communication networks in the marine environments including the sea- to-sea and sea-to-shore communication scenarios. The existing maritime wireless communication sys- tems are presented and the development of the state-of-the-art maritime communication systems is surveyed. Furthermore, a hierarchical and integrated maritime network architecture is proposed to satisfy the increasing various classes of services which demand different Quality of Service （QoS）. Finally, the open issues for further development of maritime communications are identified.

Unraveling the advances of trace doping engineering for potassium ion battery anodes via tomography

Doping have been considered as a prominent strategy to stabilize crystal structure of battery materials during the insertion and removal of alkali ions.The instructive knowledge and experience acquired from doping strategies predominate in cathode materials,but doping principle in anodes remains unclear.Here,we demonstrate that trace element doping enables stable conversion-reaction and ensures structural integrity for potassium ion battery(PIB) anodes.With a synergistic combination of X-ray tomography,structural probes,and charge reconfiguration,we encode the physical origins and structural evolution of electro-chemo-mechanical degradation in PIB anodes.By the multiple ion transport pathways created by the orderly hierarchical pores from "surface to bulk" and the homogeneous charge distribution governed in doped nanodomains,the anisotropic expansion can be significantly relieved with trace isoelectronic element doping into the host lattice,maintaining particle mechanical integrity.Our work presents a close relationship between doping chemistry and mechanical reliability,projecting a new pathway to reengineering electrode materials for next-generation energy storage.

Ontology-Based Semantic Multi-agent Framework for Micro-grids with Cyber Physical Concept

The distributed hierarchical control based on multi-agent system(MAS) is the main control method of micro-grids.By allowing more flexible interactions between computing components and their physical environments,cyber physical system(CPS) presents a new approach for the distributed hierarchical engineering system,with micro-grids included.The object of this paper is to integrate the CPS concept with MAS technology and propose a new control framework for micro-grids.With the analysis of the operating mode and control method of micro-grids,the cyber physical control concepts of ontologybased semantic agent are discussed.Then an MAS-based architecture of cyber physical micro-grid system and an intelligent electronic device(IED) function structure are proposed.Finally,in order to operate and test the cyber physical micro-grid concept,an integrated simulation model is presented.