Archean Basement and a Paleoproterozoic Collision Orogen in the Huoqiu Area at the Southeastern Margin of North China Craton: Evidence from Sensitive High Resolution Ion Micro-Probe U-Pb Zircon Geochronology

This paper reports sensitive high resolution ion micro-probe U-Pb zircon ages for the ＂Huoqiu Group＂ and granitoids of the Early Precambrian basement in the Huoqiu area, southeastern margin of the North China Craton. The ＂Huoqiu Group＂ is similar in rock association and metamorphism to the khondalite series, apart from it containing considerable amounts of banded iron formation. All detrital zircons from the ＂Huoqiu Group＂ meta-sedimentary rocks are 3.0 Ga and 2.75 Ga, without any 2.5 Ga and younger ones, as is commonly found in Paleoproterozoic khondalite series in other areas of the North China Craton. In the Huoqiu area, 2.75 Ga and 2.56 Ga granitoids have also been identified. This basement assemblage underwent strong metamorphism during the late Paleoproterozoic （-1.84 Ga） tectonothermal event that is widely developed in the North China Craton. Thus the formation time of the ＂Huoqiu Group＂ can be constrained between 2.75 and 1.84 Ga in terms of detrital and metamorphic zircon ages. It is considered, combined with regional data, that there may be a Paleoproterozoic collision orogen extending in a NWW-SEE direction to the southern margin of the North China Craton.

Atomic structure and collision dynamics with highly charged ions

The research progresses on the investigations of atomic structure and collision dynamics with highly charged ions based on the heavy ion storage rings and electron ion beam traps in recent 20 years are reviewed.The structure part covers test of quantum electrodynamics and electron correlation in strong Coulomb field studied through dielectronic recombi-nation spectroscopy and VUV/x-ray spectroscopy.The collision dynamics part includes charge exchange dynamics in ion-atom collisions mainly in Bohr velocity region,ion-induced fragmentation mechanisms of molecules,hydrogen-bound and van de Waals bound clusters,interference,and phase information observed in ion-atom/molecule collisions.With this achievements,two aspects of theoretical studies related to low energy and relativistic energy collisions are presented.The applications of data relevant to key atomic processes like dielectronic recombination and charge exchanges involving highly charged ions are discussed.At the end of this review,some future prospects of research related to highly charged ions are proposed.

Azimuthal distributions of final-state particles and fragments and transverse structure of emission source in high-energy nucleus-nucleus collisions

The azimuthal distributions of final-state particles and fragments produced in high-energy nucleus-nucleus collisions are described by a modified multisource ideal gas model which contains the expansions and movements of the emission sources. The transverse structures of the sources are given in the transverse plane by momentum components Px and Py, and described by parameters in the model. The results of the azimuthal distributions, calculated by the Monte Carlo method, are in good agreement with the experimental data in nucleus-nucleus collisions at high energies.

Visualization of High-Speed Impact of Projectile in Granular Sheet with Destructive Collision of Particles

The impact and penetration of a projectile in a particle-laden space, which are expected to have frequently occurred during the formation of the solar system and will occur in the case of an impact probe for future planetary exploration, were experimentally simulated by using the ballistic range. A two-dimensional sheet made from small glass beads or emery powder was formed by the free-falling device through a long slit in the test chamber evacuated down to about 35 Pa. A polycarbonate projectile of a hemi-sphere-cylinder or sphere shape with the mass and diameter about 4 g and 25 mm, respectively, was launched at the velocity up to 430 m/s, and the phenomena were observed by the high-speed camera at 20,000 fps. From a series of images, the bow-shock-wave-like laterally facing U-shaped pattern over the projectile and the absence of particles in the trail behind it were clearly seen. At the impact of the particles on the projectile surface, fine grains were formed due to the destructive collision and injected outward from the projectile. The images obtained by different lighting methods including the laser light sheet were compared. The effects of the particle diameter, its material and the impact velocity were also investigated.

Peripheral collisions of highly charged ions with metal clusters

Within the framework of the dynamical classical over-barrier model,the soft collisions between slow highly charged ions（SHCIs） Ar 17＋ and the large copper clusters under large impact parameters have been studied in this paper.We present the dominant mechanism of the electron transfer between SHCIs and a large metal cluster by computational simulation.The evolution of the occupation of projectile ions,KL x satellite lines,X-ray yields,Auger electron spectrum and scattering angles are provided.

Development of Particle Detectors for Electron-ion Collision Spectroscopy with Highly Charged Ions at the Storage Ring CSRe

The electron cooler at the experimental Cooler Storage Ring(CSRe)has been upgraded with an embedded electron energy fast detuning system for the merged-beams electron-ion collision experiments.A plastic scintillation detector(PSD)and a multi-wire proportional chamber(MWPC)detector have been developed and installed downstream of the electron cooler to detect the ionized ions in the electron-ion collision experiments at the CSRe.

Impact of the Collisional Plasma on the Propagation of Millimeter Waves

The plasma generated in the low-altitude atmosphere is of high collision frequencies. In this paper, the transmission coefficients of millimeter(MM) waves normally incident upon the plasma with high collision frequencies are calculated and analyzed. The experimental results of reflection and attenuation are presented for the eight-millimeter waves propagating through the plasma. Both the calculated experimental results indicate that the MM-waves concerned are attenuated significantly and reflected weakly, when propagating through the plasma of high collision frequencies.

Anisotropic emission of charged mesons and structure characteristic of emission source in heavy ion collisions at 1-2A GeV

Angular distributions of pious and kaons produced in heavy ion collisions at the low-energy end of high energies （1-2 A GeV） have been investigated by using a multisource ideal gas model. The model covers the expansions and movements of the emission sources, and it is related to the collective flows. By using the analytic expression and the Monte Carlo method, the azimuthal and polar angle distributions of mesons are calculated by the model and compared with the experimental data of the KaoS Collaboration.

Proton-Proton Collisions in View of Thermo-Statistical Approach

The data of charged particles produced in proton-proton collisions extracted from Durham particle data group at energy ranges √s = 6.3 - 17 GeV and at 0.9 - 7 TeV are investigated in the framework of Tsallis thermo-statistics and the Vlasov time dynamics. The analysis can describe the experimental data well all-over the considered energies and rapidity intervals. The variation of the collision parameters (chemical potential, entropy index and the time of evolution) is studied and discussed as a function of the final state temperature. According to the obtained result, a scenario, and a script of the time evolution for the particle production is simulated by the pp collision.

Pronounced Fluctuations of Target Fragments in Forward Hemisphere Only in Ultra Relativistic Nuclear Collision

Dynamical fluctuation of target evaporated black particles is investigated in both forward and backward hemispheres within the framework of multi-dimensional factorial moment methodology using the brilliant concept of the Hurst exponent. We analyse the black particles emitted in ^32S-AgBr interactions at 200AGeV and it is evident that the dynamical fluctuation in the backward hemisphere is self-affine. In the forward hemisphere, dynamical fluctuation is self-similar but not self-affine. However, study indicates that the fluctuation in the forward hemisphere is more pronounced than that in backward hemisphere.

复杂三维体高效布尔运算技术的研究与实现

高效、稳健的复杂三维体布尔运算是地理信息中的重点与难点。针对难点提出软硬件协同加速计算框架。在软件层面采用多种算法加速优化技术,包括:降维碰撞检测、三维多边形保留与丢弃的原则、新生成三维多边形的构建方法、三维线段与三维多边形的高效求交、三维点或三维多边形与三维体包含关系的高效判断;基于以上加速优化技术提出一套高效的计算框架;在硬件层面基于GPU的众核算力加速计算,提出软硬件协同加速计算框架。实验证明,该计算框架高效性且稳健性,与现有的方法相比,软件层面计算框架效率提高3倍左右,软硬件协同加速框架将效率进一步提高3倍左右。

高速精密角接触陶瓷球轴承设计及试验研究

针对某数控机床主轴轴承低极限转速及低DN值(轴承内径和轴承转速的乘积)的问题,为解决机床主轴轴承高极限转速的问题,满足高DN值、高极限转速及精度P4级的要求,设计开发了一款高速电主轴精密角接触陶瓷球轴承,并进行了轴承温升和振动试验。首先,根据轴承的使用环境选取了角接触陶瓷球轴承主参数,并为降低高转速下轴承发热量选取了合适的轴承材料;然后,利用建立的角接触球轴承动力学模型并联立动力学微分方程进行了求解,以摩擦力矩为目标函数对轴承球径和内外沟曲率半径系数进行了正交优化选取,还进行了动力学和疲劳寿命分析;最后,开展了角接触陶瓷球轴承的极限转速试验,进行了温升和振动分析,验证了该轴承温升和振动指标满足设计要求。研究结果表明:优化后得到轴承的球径D w为6.35 mm、内沟曲率半径系数f i为0.55、外沟曲率半径系数f e为0.52;计算优化后角接触陶瓷球轴承的最大接触应力不超过2100 MPa,滚动体与保持架的最大作用力不超过3 N,保持架受到的等效应力及极限转速下轴承疲劳寿命为84.5 h左右,均满足设计使用要求;且优化后的角接触陶瓷球轴承最小摩擦力矩为102.0331 N·mm;优化后轴承的最高温度为56℃,振动加速度不高于19.6 m/s^(2)。该轴承满足超精密数控机床高速电主轴的应用需求,同时提高了国内现有高速电主轴的极限转速。

Extensional Tectonic Framework of Post High and Ultrahigh Pressure Metamorphism in Dabieshan,China

The most prominent feature of the extensional tectonic framework of post high pressure (HP) and ultrahigh pressure (UHP) metamorphism in Dabieshan is the development of the multi layered extension detachment zones surrounding the core of the Luotian dome, and the separation of the UHP, HP and epidote blueschist units by the detachment zones, which form the vertically stacking sheet like slices of the HP and UHP metamorphic rocks. From the core outwards, exist the HP and UHP rock barren Dabie complex, UHP unit, HP unit and epidote blueschist unit. The extension tectonics of post HP and UHP metamorphic event constrain the distribution and present configuration of the HP and UHP metamorphic rocks, and the extensional tectonic framework bears some similarities to the Cordillera metamorphic core complex. It is suggested that partial melting happened in the Dabie gneiss complex (DGC) and UHP unit contemporaneously with the extrusion of UHP metamorphic rocks into the lower-middle crust. The formation and emplacement of the migmatite and granites are the response to the change in thermal state, facilitating the transfer from the compressive regime to extensional regime in the crust. The large scale crustal extension and uplift and the accompanying anatexis in Dabieshan are probably related to the delamination and magmatic underplating in the mantle and the lower crust.

High CO methanation activity on zirconia-supported molybdenum sulfide catalyst

In this study, different methods were used to prepare MoO3/ZrO2 catalysts for sulfur resistant methanation reaction. It was found that MoO3/ZrO2 catalyst prepared by one-step co-precipitation method achieved high methanation performance. CO conversion could reach up to 90% on 25 wt% MoO3/ZrO2 catalyst, much higher than that on the conventional 25 wt% MoO3/Al2O3 catalyst. The Mo-based catalysts were characterized by XRF, XRD, Raman, BET, TEM and H2-TPR etc. It was found that MoO3 particles were highly dispersed on ZrO2 support for 25 wt% MoO3/ZrO2 catalyst prepared at 65-85℃ because of its relatively larger pore size, which contributed to a high CO conversion. Meanwhile, when MoO3 loading exceeded the monolayer coverage, the formed crystalline MoO3 and ZrM020g might block the micropores of the catalyst and make the methanation activity declined. These results are useful for preparing highly efficient catalyst for CO methanation process.

Preparation and properties of Ni-coated WC powder and highly impact resistant and corrosion resistant WC-Ni cemented carbides

WC powders were uniformly coated by Ni nanoparticles through a combined chemical co-precipitation and subsequent high temperature hydrogen reduction strategy(abbreviated as CM-WCN),and then were consolidated by vacuum sintering at 1450°C for 1 h to obtain WC−Ni cemented carbides.The microstructure and properties of the as-consolidated CM-WCN were investigated.The average grain size of WC in the consolidated CM-WCN was calculated to be in the range of 3.0−3.8μm and only few pores were observed.A relative density of 99.6%,hardness of HRA 86.5 and bending strength of 1860 MPa were obtained for the CM-WCN−10wt.%Ni,and the highest impact toughness of 6.17 J/cm^(2 )was obtained for the CM-WCN−12wt.%Ni,surpassing those of the hand mixed WC−Ni(HM-WCN)cemented carbides examined in this study and the other similar materials in the literature.CM-WCN cemented carbides possess excellent mechanical properties,due to their highly uniform structure and low porosity that could be ascribed to the intergranular-dominated fracture mode accompanied by a large number of plastic deformation tears of the bonding phase.In addition,the corrosion resistance of CM-WCN was superior to that of HM-WCN at the Ni content of 6−12 wt.%.

PREPARATION OF HIGH-PURITY AND NANOMETER-SCALE BARIUM TITANATE POWDERS

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Tectonic Evolution of an Early Precambrian High-Pressure Granulite Belt in the North China Craton

A large-scale high-pressure granulite belt (HPGB), more than 700 km long, is recognized within the metamorphic basement of the North China craton. In the regional tectonic framework, the Hengshan-Chengde HPGB is located in the central collision belt between the western block and eastern block, and represents the deep crustal structural level. The typical high-pressure granulite (HPG) outcrops are distributed in the Hengshan and Chengde areas. HPGs commonly occur as mafic xenoliths within ductile shear zones, and underwent multipile deformations. To the south, the Hengshan-Chengde HPGB is juxtaposed with the Wutai greenstone belt by several strike-slip shear zones. Preliminary isotopic age dating indicates that HPGs from North China were mainly generated at the end of the Neoarchaean, assocaited with tectonic assembly of the western and eastern blocks.

Discharge characteristic of very high frequency capacitively coupled argon plasma

The discharge characteristics of capacitively coupled argon plasmas driven by very high frequency discharge are studied.The mean electron temperature and electron density are calculated by using the Ar spectral lines at different values of power(20 W-70 W)and four different frequencies(13.56 MHz,40.68 MHz,94.92 MHz,and 100 MHz).The mean electron temperature decreases with the increase of power at a fixed frequency.The mean electron temperature varies non-linearly with frequency increasing at constant power.At 40.68 MHz,the mean electron temperature is the largest.The electron density increases with the increase of power at a fixed frequency.In the cases of driving frequencies of 94.92 MHz and 100 MHz,the obtained electron temperatures are almost the same,so are the electron densities.Particle-in-cell/Monte-Carlo collision(PIC/MCC)method developed within the Vsim 8.0 simulation package is used to simulate the electron density,the potential distribution,and the electron energy probability function(EEPF)under the experimental condition.The sheath width increases with the power increasing.The EEPF of 13.56 MHz and 40.68 MHz are both bi-Maxwellian with a large population of low-energy electrons.The EEPF of 94.92 MHz and 100 MHz are almost the same and both are nearly Maxwellian.

Permian High Ba-Sr Granitoids:Geochemistry,Age and Tectonic Implications of Erlangshan Pluton,Urad Zhongqi,Inner Mongolia

Erlangshan Pluton from Urad Zhongqi, central Inner Mongolia, is located in the middle segment of the northern margin of the North China Plate. The rocks consist mainly of diorites with gneissic structure. Petrochemical characteristics reveal that the diorites belong to metaluminous, high- potassium calc-alkaline series, with chemical signatures of I-type granites. They are characterized by low SiOz contents (56.63%-58.53%) and A/CNK (0.90-0.96), high Al2O3 contents (17.30%-17.96%) and Na20/K20 ratios (1.20-1.70), enrichment in large ion lithophile elements (LILE, e.g., Ba=556-915 ppm, Sr=463-595 ppm), and relative depletion in high field strength elements (HFSE, e.g., Nb, Ta, Ti) in primitive mantle-normalized spidergram, and right-declined rare earth element patterns with slightly negative Eu anomalies (8Eu=0.72-0.90). They have Sr/Y ratios (20-25) evidently less than Kebu Pluton (49-75) to its east. Sensitive high resolution ion micro-probe U-Pb zircon dating of the diorites has yielded an intrusive age of 270±8 Ma. This leads us to conclude that Erlangshan diorites were formed by mixing between the middle or lower crustal-derived magma and minor mantle-derived mafic magma, followed by fractional crystallization, which was trigged by crustal extension and fault activity in post-collisional setting.

简谐激励下碰弹强化吸振器的特性试验研究

为了提升传统纯立方吸振器的吸振效果并避免由高分支响应造成的失效,在纯立方吸振器的质量块两侧安装由碰撞板和弹簧组成的小型装置,构造出一种新型的碰弹强化吸振器。首先,设计并加工了由单自由度线性主振子和该吸振器构成的试验平台;其次,对比研究了在简谐激励下连接碰弹强化吸振器与连接纯立方吸振器的主振子加速度响应的差异;最后,试验分析了吸振器的弹簧刚度和碰弹间隙两个参数对主振子加速度响应的影响。结果表明:碰弹强化吸振器具有优越的减振性能,可以改变整个系统的稳定性,并且能够抑制分岔的发生,消除系统在较大激励下的高分支响应;通过合理控制两个参数,碰弹强化吸振器可以得到更好的振动抑制效果。