Analysis of the Effect of High-Dose Segmental Citrate Anticoagulation in High Flux Hemodialysis

Objective:To analyze the clinical effect of high-dose citrate in segmental extracorporeal anticoagulation for high-throughput hemodialysis.Methods:The subjects included in this study were admitted to the hospital for maintenance hemodialysis treatment from January 2021 to January 2023.All patients had a high risk of bleeding and received 4%trisodium citrate anticoagulant treatment,administered at a rate of 200 mL/h before and after the dialyzer.The anticoagulant effects achieved by the patients were observed and analyzed.Results:The total number of patients who received high-dose segmented citrate extracorporeal anticoagulation dialysis treatment was 50,with each patient undergoing 100 treatments.During the treatment,2 patients had to end the treatment early due to transmembrane pressure exceeding 30 mmHg and an increase in venous pressure exceeding 250 mmHg;the treatment times for these patients were 20 minutes and 200 minutes,respectively.The remaining patients successfully completed the 4-hour treatment.Blood pH and calcium ion concentration in the venous pot were monitored.It was observed that before dialysis,after 2 hours of dialysis,and at the end of dialysis,the blood pH of the patients remained within a relatively normal range.Although some patient levels changed after dialysis,they remained within the normal range.No adverse reactions(such as numbness of the limbs or convulsions)were observed during the anticoagulant treatment.Conclusion:Administering 4%trisodium citrate at a rate of 200 mL/h before and after the dialyzer achieves a good anticoagulant effect,maintains the patient’s blood gas levels within the normal range at the end of dialysis,and causes no adverse reactions.

Clinical Effect Analysis of Posterior Chamber Intraocular Lens Implantation for Correcting High Myopia and Astigmatism

Objective:To explore the corrective effect of posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation with phakic eyes in the treatment of high myopia and astigmatism.Methods:From May 2023,the hospital began to collect the case data of diagnosis and treatment of high myopia and astigmatism.By May 2024,310 cases were included,all of which were treated with posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation.The visual acuity,astigmatism and axial position of the intraocular lens were observed before and after treatment.Results:At different time points after the operation,the patient’s vision was significantly improved compared with that before the operation(P<0.05),and the vision level was equal to or greater than the best-corrected vision before the operation.At different time points after the operation,the average rotation of the intraocular lens was less than 5 degrees.Astigmatism was significantly lower than that before the operation(P<0.05).After the operation,the intraocular pressure increased in 11 cases,accounting for 3.55%,with no adverse complications such as lens turbidity,glare and obvious halo occurring.Conclusion:The posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation with phakic eyes has an ideal correction effect in the treatment of high myopia and astigmatism,which can effectively improve the vision level of patients and reduce the degree of astigmatism,and has high effectiveness and safety.

Novel ternary metals-based telluride electrocatalyst with synergistic effects of high valence non-3d metal and oxophilic Te for pH-universal hydrogen evolution reaction

Electrocatalyst designs based on oxophilic foreign atoms are considered a promising approach for developing efficient pH-universal hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)electrocatalysts by overcoming the sluggish alkaline HER kinetics.Here,we design ternary transition metals-based nickel telluride(Mo WNi Te)catalysts consisting of high valence non-3d Mo and W metals and oxophilic Te as a first demonstration of non-precious heterogeneous electrocatalysts following the bifunctional mechanism.The Mo WNi Te showed excellent HER catalytic performance with overpotentials of 72,125,and 182 mV to reach the current densities of 10,100,and 1000 mA cm^(-2),respectively,and the corresponding Tafel slope of 47,52,and 58 mV dec-1in alkaline media,which is much superior to commercial Pt/C.Additionally,the HER performance of Mo WNi Te is well maintained up to 3000 h at the current density of 100 mA cm^(-2).It is further demonstrated that the Mo WNi Te exhibits remarkable HER activities with an overpotential of 45 mV(31 mV)and Tafel slope of 60 mV dec-1(34 mV dec-1)at 10 mA cm^(-2)in neutral(acid)media.The superior HER performance of Mo WNi Te is attributed to the electronic structure modulation,inducing highly active low valence states by the incorporation of high valence non-3d transition metals.It is also attributed to the oxophilic effect of Te,accelerating water dissociation kinetics through a bifunctional catalytic mechanism in alkaline media.Density functional theory calculations further reveal that such synergistic effects lead to reduced free energy for an efficient water dissociation process,resulting in remarkable HER catalytic performances within universal pH environments.

An online fast multi-track locating algorithm for high-resolution single-event effect test platform

To improve the efficiency and accuracy of single-event effect(SEE)research at the Heavy Ion Research Facility at Lanzhou,Hi’Beam-SEE must precisely localize the position at which each heavy ion hitting the integrated circuit(IC)causes SEE.In this study,we propose a fast multi-track location(FML)method based on deep learning to locate the position of each particle track with high speed and accuracy.FML can process a vast amount of data supplied by Hi’Beam-SEE online,revealing sensitive areas in real time.FML is a slot-based object-centric encoder-decoder structure in which each slot can learn the location information of each track in the image.To make the method more accurate for real data,we designed an algorithm to generate a simulated dataset with a distribution similar to that of the real data,which was then used to train the model.Extensive comparison experiments demonstrated that the FML method,which has the best performance on simulated datasets,has high accuracy on real datasets as well.In particular,FML can reach 238 fps and a standard error of 1.6237μm.This study discusses the design and performance of FML.

Real world effectiveness of PCSK-9 inhibitors combined with statins versus statins-based therapy among patients with very high risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease in China(RWE-PCSK study)

BACKGROUND The efficacy and safety of proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9(PCSK-9) inhibitors were confirmed by several clinical trials, but its effectiveness in routine clinical practice in China has not been evaluated. This study aims to describe the real world effectiveness of PCSK-9 inhibitors combined with statins compared with statins-based therapy among patients with very high risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease(ASCVD).METHODS This is a multi-center observational study, enrolled patients from 32 hospitals who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI) from January to June in 2019. There are 453 patients treated with PCSK-9 inhibitors combined with statins in PCSK-9 inhibitor group and 2,610 patients treated with statins-based lipid lowering therapies in statins-based group. The lipid control rate and incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events(MACE) over six months were compared between two groups.A propensity score-matched(PSM) analysis was used to balance two groups on confounding factors. Survival analysis using Kaplan-Meier methods was applied for MACE.RESULTS In a total of 3,063 patients, 89.91% of patients had received moderate or high-intensity statins-based therapy before PCI, but only 9.47% of patients had low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C) levels below 1.4 mmol/L at baseline. In the PSM selected patients, LDL-C level was reduced by 42.57% in PCSK-9 inhibitor group and 30.81%(P < 0.001) in statins-based group after six months. The proportion of LDL-C ≤ 1.0 mmol/L increased from 5.29% to 29.26% in PCSK-9 inhibitor group and 0.23% to 6.11% in statins-based group, and the proportion of LDL-C ≤ 1.4 mmol/L increased from 10.36% to 47.69% in PCSK-9 inhibitor group and 2.99% to 18.43% in statins-based group(P < 0.001 for both). There was no significant difference between PCSK-9 inhibitor and statins-based treatment in reducing the risk of MACE(hazard ratio = 2.52, 95% CI: 0.49-12.97, P = 0.250).CONCLUSIONS In the real world, PCSK-9 inhibitors combined with statins could significantly reduce LDL-C levels among patients with very high risk of ASCVD in China. The long-term clinical benefits for patients received PCSK-9 inhibitor to reduce the risk of MACE is still unclear and requires further study.

Study on dynamic response of high speed train window glass under tunnel aerodynamic effects

Purpose-This paper aims to analyze the bearing characteristics of the high speed train window glass under aerodynamic load effects.Design/methodology/approach-In order to obtain the dynamic strain response of passenger compartment window glass during high-speed train crossing the tunnel,taking the passenger compartment window glass of the CRH3 high speed train onWuhan-Guangzhou High Speed Railway as the research object,this study tests the strain dynamic response and maximum principal stress of the high speed train passing through the tunnel entrance and exit,the tunnel and tunnel groups as well as trains meeting in the tunnel at an average speed of 300 km$h-1.Findings-The results show that while crossing the tunnel,the passenger compartment window glass of high speed train is subjected to the alternating action of positive and negative air pressures,which shows the typical mechanic characteristics of the alternating fatigue stress of positive-negative transient strain.The maximum principal stress of passenger compartment window glass for high speed train caused by tunnel aerodynamic effects does not exceed 5 MPa,and the maximum value occurs at the corresponding time of crossing the tunnel groups.The high speed train window glass bears medium and low strain rates under the action of tunnel aerodynamic effects,while the maximum strain rate occurs at the meeting moment when the window glass meets the train head approaching from the opposite side in the tunnel.The shear modulus of laminated glass PVB film that makes up high speed train window glass is sensitive to the temperature and action time.The dynamically equivalent thickness and stiffness of the laminated glass and the dynamic bearing capacity of the window glass decrease with the increase of the action time under tunnel aerodynamic pressure.Thus,the influence of the loading action time and fatigue under tunnel aerodynamic effects on the glass strength should be considered in the design for the bearing performance of high speed train window glass.Originality/value-The research results provide data support for the analysis of mechanical characteristics,damage mechanism,strength design and structural optimization of high speed train glass.

Mechanism of Action of Rare Earths in High Effective Fe Powder Welding Rods

The optimum coating composition of alkali Fe powder welding rods was designed by orthogonal experiment with mix rates. A new kind of effective RE-Fe powder welding rod was prepared which could be used at the condition of direct and indirect current. The arc characteristics and stabilities of effective Fe powder welding rods containing RE were analyzed by HANNOVER analyzer. The efficiency of Fe powder welding rods was tested by weighting method. It was found that the stability of Fe powder welding rods was improved when it was added with rare earths. The results of impact experiment at low temperatures and SEM analysis on impact break showed that the grain was refined, the welding joint was cleaned, and the mechanical properties of joint was enhanced with proper RE content. It was provided with good processing property for this effective RE-Fe powder welding rod, and its efficiency could arrive at 180%.

Does green finance drive high-quality economic development?-Based on empirical evidence from China

Green finance,as an important branch of modern finance,has far-reaching significance that is not limited to the financial sector.By promoting green investment and optimizing resource allocation,green finance plays a crucial role in reducing environmental pollution and carbon emissions.At the same time,it can also promote the quality of economic growth and achieve the harmonious development of economy,society and environment.Based on China's provincial panel data from 2008 to 2022,the direct impact and indirect transmission mechanism of green finance on high-quality economic development are analyzed by constructing a dynamic panel model and a mediation effect model.It is found that green finance not only directly promotes the high-quality development of the economy,but also indirectly promotes the sustainable and healthy growth of the economy through the transmission channel of technological innovation.This mediating effect of technological innovation is as high as 78.65%,which shows the close connection between green finance and high-quality economic development.In addition,the study also found that the direct promotion effect of green finance on high-quality economic development has significant regional heterogeneity.The results of this study suggest that when formulating relevant policies,it is necessary to fully consider the actual situation of each region and tailor them to the local conditions to ensure the in-depth promotion of green finance and the overall development of the economy.

Effective Observation of 518 Cases with Arthralgia－Syndrome treated by High Voltage－Low Frequency Electrotherapy on Acupoints

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Research Progress of High Entropy Ceramic Materials

High-entropy materials(HEMs)have better mechanical,thermal,and electrical properties than traditional materials due to their special"high entropy effect".They can also adjust the performance of high entropy ceramics by adjusting the proportion of raw materials,and have broad application prospects in many fields.This article provides a review of the high entropy effect,preparation methods,and main applications of high entropy ceramic materials,especially exploring relevant research on high entropy perovskite ceramics.It is expected to provide reference for the promotion of scientific research and the development of further large-scale applications of high-entropy ceramic materials.

An Effective Thermal Splicing Method to Join Fluoride and Silica Fibers for a High Power Regime

A repeatable and simple thermal splicing method for low loss splice between fluoride and silica fibers is presented. The minimum splicing loss of 0.58 dB is achieved experimentally with this approach, Meanwhile, the power capacity of this splicing joint is also tested with a high power fiber laser. The maximum input power is up to 15 W, only limited by the available power of the laser source. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on thermal splicing between fluoride and silica fibers operating in a high power regime without any complicated ion-assisted deposition process.

Scale effects on non-cavitation hydrodynamics and noise of highly-skewed propeller in wake flow

Regarding the scale effects on propeller＇s noncavitation hydrodynamics and hydroacoustics, three similar 7bladed highly-skewed propellers in the wake flow are addressed with diameters of 250, 500 and 1 000 mm, respectively. The discrete line-spectrum noise and its standardized spectrum level scaling law, together with the total sound pressure level are analyzed. The non-cavitation noise predictions are completed by both the frequency domain method and the time domain method. As a fluctuated noise source, the time-dependent fluctuated pressure and normal velocity distribution on propeller blades are obtained by the unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes （ URANS ） simulation. Results show that the pressure coefficient distribution of three propellers on the 0.7R section is nearly superposed under the same advance ratio. The periodic thrust fluctuation of three propellers can exactly reflect the tonal components of the axial passing frequency （APF） and the blade passing frequency （BPF）, and the fluctuation enhancement from the small to the middle propeller at the BPF is greater than that from the middle to the big one. By the two noise prediction methods, the increment of the total sound pressure level from the small to the big propeller differs by 2.49 dB. Following the standardized scaling law, the spectrum curves of the middle and big propellers are nearly the same while significantly differing from the small one. The increment of both the line-spectrum level and the total sound pressure increases with the increase in diameter. It is suggested that the model scale of the propeller should be as large as possible in engineering to reduce the prediction error of the empirical scalin~ law and weaken the scale effects.

Effect of indentation size and grain/sub-grain size on microhardness of high purity tungsten

Hardness of materials depends significantly on the indentation size and grain/sub-grain size via microindentation and nanoindentation tests of high-purity tungsten with different structures.The grain boundary effect and indentation size effect were explored.The indentation hardness was fitted using the Nix-Gao model by considering the scaling factor.The results show that the scaling factor is barely correlated with the grain/sub-grain size.The interaction between the plastically deformed zone（PDZ） boundary and the grain/sub-grain boundary is believed to be the reason that leads to an increase of the measured hardness at the specific depths.Results also indicate that the area of the PDZ is barely correlated with the grain/sub-grain size,and the indentation hardness starts to stabilize once the PDZ expands to the dimension of an individual grain/sub-grain.

Self-cleaning effect and secondary swirling clean gas for suppressing particle deposition on vortex finder of gas cyclones

In order to suppressing the particle deposition on vortex finder,a series of gas cyclones with the secondary swirling clean gas were developed inspired by the gas purge effect.Effects of the width and extension length of the flow channel as well as the secondary inlet velocity and running time on the particle deposition pattern,the deposited particle mass and the cyclones'performance were experimentally investigated,respectively.The results show that the ultrafine particles(Stokes number Stk<0.0358)are mainly loose deposited on the walls under the secondary gas.Compare to the conventional cyclone with single tangential inlet,the total deposited particle mass of the improved cyclone has a maximum reduction more than 60%,and the collecting efficiency is increased up to 97.5%under the basically same pressure drop.The corresponding no-deposition area is increased by about 13%,and remains constant in spite of extending the running time.Moreover,an interesting phenomenon named"self-cleaning effect"of the vortex finder was captured for the gas cyclones,and mechanism of the secondary clean gas on the particle deposition is preliminarily analyzed.The results can deepen the understanding of the particle deposition on the vortex finder and guide the design of the anti-coking gas cyclones.

Modulating Effects of Chlorogenic Acid on Lipids and Glucose Metabolism and Expression of Hepatic Peroxisome Proliferator-activated Receptor-α in Golden Hamsters Fed on High Fat Diet

Objective To examine the effects of chlorogenic acid （CGA） on lipid and glucose metabolism under a high dietary fat burden and to explore the possible role of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α （PPAR-α） in these effects. Methods Twenty male golden hamsters were randomly divided into CGA treatment group （n=10, given peritoneal injection of CGA solution prepared with PBS, 80 mg CGA/kg body weight daily）, and control group （n=10, given PBS i.p. at the average volume of the treatment group）. Animals in both groups were given 15% high fat diet. Eight weeks after treatment with CGA, the level of biochemical parameters in fasting serum and tissues and the expression of hepatic mRNA and protein PPAR-α were determined. Results Eight weeks after treatment with CGA, the levels of fasting serum triglyceride （TG）, free fatty acid （FFA）, total cholesterol （TC）, low density lipoprotein cholesterol （LDL-C）, high density lipoprotein cholesterol （HDL-C）, glucose （FSG）, and insulin （FSI） were significantly lower in the GGA treatment group than in the control group. CGA also led to higher activity of hepatic lipase （HL） lower contents of TG and FFA in liver, and lower activity of lipoprotein lipase （LPL） in skeletal muscle. Furthermore, CGA significantly elevated significantly elevated the expression level of mRNA and protein expression in hepatic PPAR-α. Conclusion CGA can modify lipids and glucose metabolism, which may be attributed to PPAR-α facilitated lipid clearance in liver and improved insulin sensitivity.

Real Gas Effects on Charging and Discharging Processes of High Pressure Pneumatics

The high pressure pneumatic system has been applied to special industries. It may cause errors when we analyze high pressure pneumatics under ideal gas assumption. However, the real gas effect on the performances of high pressure pneumatics is seldom investigated. In this paper, the real gas effects on air enthalpy and internal energy are estimated firstly to study the real gas effect on the energy conversion. Under ideal gas assumption, enthalpy and internal energy are solely related to air temperature. The estimation result indicates that the pressure enthalpy and pressure internal energy of real pneumatic air obviously decrease the values of enthalpy and internal energy for high pressure pneumatics, and the values of pressure enthalpy and pressure internal energy are close. Based on the relationship among pressure, enthalpy and internal energy, the real gas effects on charging and discharging processes of high pressure pneumatics are estimated, which indicates that the real gas effect accelerates the temperature and pressure decreasing rates during discharging process, and decelerates their increasing rates during charging process. According to the above analysis, and for the inconvenience in building the simulation model for real gas and the difficulty of measuring the detail thermal capacities of pneumatics, a method to compensate the real gas effect under ideal gas assumption is proposed by modulating the thermal capacity of the pneumatic container in simulation. The experiments of switching expansion reduction （SER） for high pressure pneumatics are used to verify this compensating method. SER includes the discharging process of supply tanks and the charging process of expansion tank. The simulated and experimental results of SER are highly consistent. The proposed compensation method provides a convenient way to obtain more realistic simulation results for high pressure pneumatics.

Damage effect and mechanism of the GaAs high electron mobility transistor induced by high power microwave

In this paper, we present the damage effect and mechanism of high power microwave （HPM） on AIGaAs/GaAs pseudomorphic high-electron-mobility transistor （pHEMT） of low-noise amplifier （LNA）. A detailed investigation is carried out by simulation and experiment study. A two-dimensional electro-thermal model of the typical GaAs pHEMT induced by HPM is established in this paper. The simulation result reveals that avalanche breakdown, intrinsic excitation, and thermal breakdown all contribute to damage process. Heat accumulation occurs during the positive half cycle and the cylinder under the gate near the source side is most susceptible to burn-out. Experiment is carried out by injecting high power microwave into GaAs pHEMT LNA samples. It is found that the damage to LNA is because of the burn-out at first stage pHEMT. The interiors of the damaged samples are observed by scanning electron microscopy （SEM） and energy dispersive spectrometer （EDS）. Experimental results accord well with the simulation of our model.

Size effect of sandstone after high temperature under uniaxial compression

Uniaxial compression tests on sandstone samples with five different sizes after high temperature processes were performed in order to investigate the size effect and its evolution. The test results show that the density, longitudinal wave velocity, peak strength, average modulus and secant modulus of sandstone decrease with the increase of temperature, however, peak strain increases gradually. With the increase of ratio of height to diameter, peak strength of sandstone decreases, which has an obvious size effect. A new theoretical model of size effect of sandstone material considering the influence of temperature is put forward, and with the increase of temperature, the size effect is more apparent. The threshold decreases gradually with the increase of temperature, and the deviations of the experimental values and the theoretical values are between 0.44% and 6.06%, which shows quite a credibility of the theoretical model.

Strength weakening effect of high static pre-stressed granite subjected to low-frequency dynamic disturbance under uniaxial compression

This study aimed to elucidate the strength weakening effect of high static pre-stressed rocks subjected to low-frequency disturbances under uniaxial compression.Based on the uniaxial compressive strength(UCS)of granite under static loading,70%,80%,and 90%of UCS were selected as the initial high static pre-stress(σ_(p)),and then the pre-stressed rock specimens were disturbed by sinusoidal stress with amplitudes of 30%,20%,and 10%of UCS under low-frequency frequencies(f)of 1,2,5,and 10 Hz,respectively.The results show that the rockburst failure of pre-stressed granite is caused by low-frequency disturbance,and the failure strength is much lower than UCS.When theσp or f is constant,the specimen strength gradually decreases as the f or σ_(p) increases.The experimental study illustrates the influence mechanism of the strength weakening effect of high static pre-stress rocks under low-frequency dynamic disturbance,that is,high static pre-stress is the premise and leading factor of rock strength weakening,while low-frequency dynamic disturbance induces rock failure and affects the strength weakening degree.

Surface effects on mechanical behavior of elastic nanoporous materials under high strain

This paper studies surface effects on the mechanical behavior of nanoporous materials under high strains with an improved anisotropic Kelvin model. The stress-strain relations are derived by the theories of Euler-Bernoulli beam and surface elasticity. Mean- while, the influence of strut （or ligament） size on the mechanical properties of nanoporous materials is discussed, which becomes a key factor with consideration of the residual sur- face stress and the surface elasticity. The results show that the decrease in the strut diameter and the increase in the residual surface stress or the surface elasticity can both lead to an increase in the carrying capacity of nanoporous materials. F^lrthermore, me- chanical behaviors of anisotropic nanoporous materials in different directions （the rise direction and the transverse direction） are investigated. The results indicate that the sur- face effects in the transverse direction are more obvious than those in the rise direction for anisotropic nanoporous materials. In addition, the present results can be reduced to the cases of conventional foams as the strut size increases to micron-scale, which confirms validity of the model to a certain extent.