Breeding of National Authorized New Wheat Variety Shannong 116 and Supporting Cultivation Technical Measures for High Yield, High Quality and High Efficiency

Shannong 116 is a strong gluten,high yield and multi-resistance wheat variety bred by Shandong Agricultural University,which was approved by the State in 2021 and by Shandong Province in 2022.Shannong 116 combines the excellent characteristics of the female parent(strong gluten,disease resistance and early maturity)and the male parent(high yield,water saving and lodging resistance),with a plant height of 76.9 cm,compact plant type,orderly spike layer and good maturity performance,which is suitable for large-scale promotion and market order planting in Huanghuai wheat area.In this paper,the characteristics of Shannong 116 are analyzed,and cultivation technical measures for high yield,high quality and high efficiency are put forward,in order to provide a technical support for the popularization and application of the variety.

Device simulation of lead-free CH_3NH_3SnI_3 perovskite solar cells with high efficiency

The lead-free perovskite solar cells(PSCs) have drawn a great deal of research interest due to the Pb toxicity of the lead halide perovskite.CH_3NH_3SnI_3 is a viable alternative to CH_3NH_3PbX_3,because it has a narrower band gap of 1.3 eV and a wider visible absorption spectrum than the lead halide perovskite.The progress of fabricating tin iodide PSCs with good stability has stimulated the studies of these CH_3NH_3SnI_3 based cells greatly.In the paper,we study the influences of various parameters on the solar cell performance through theoretical analysis and device simulation.It is found in the simulation that the solar cell performance can be improved to some extent by adjusting the doping concentration of the perovskite absorption layer and the electron affinity of the buffer and HTM,while the reduction of the defect density of the perovskite absorption layer significantly improves the cell performance.By further optimizing the parameters of the doping concentration(1.3 × 10^(16) cm^3) and the defect density(1 × 10^(15) cm^3) of perovskite absorption layer,and the electron affinity of buffer(4.0 eV) and HTM(2.6 eV),we finally obtain some encouraging results of the J_(sc) of 31.59 mA/cm^2,V_(oc) of 0.92 V,FF of 79.99%,and PCE of 23.36%.The results show that the lead-free CH_3NH_3SnI_3 PSC is a potential environmentally friendly solar cell with high efficiency.Improving the Sn^(2+) stability and reducing the defect density of CH_3NH_3SnI_3 are key issues for the future research,which can be solved by improving the fabrication and encapsulation process of the cell.

Large aperture phase-coded diffractive lens for achromatic and 16°field-of-view imaging with high efficiency

Diffractive lenses(DLs)can realize high-resolution imaging with light weight and compact size.Conventional DLs suffer large chromatic and off-axis aberrations,which significantly limits their practical applications.Although many achromatic methods have been proposed,most of them are used for designing small aperture DLs,which have low diffraction efficiencies.In the designing of diffractive achromatic lenses,increasing the aperture and improving the diffraction efficiency have become two of the most important design issues.Here,a novel phase-coded diffractive lens(PCDL)for achromatic imaging with a large aperture and high efficiency is proposed and demonstrated experimentally,and it also possesses wide field-of-view(FOV)imaging at the same time.The phase distribution of the conventional phase-type diffractive lens(DL)is coded with a cubic function to expand both the working bandwidth and the FOV of conventional DL.The proposed phase-type DL is fabricated by using the laser direct writing of grey-scale patterns for a PCDL of a diameter of 10 mm,a focal length of 100 mm,and a cubic phase coding parameter of 30π.Experimental results show that the working bandwidth and the FOV of the PCDL respectively reach 50 nm and 16°with over 8%focusing efficiency,which are in significant contrast to the counterparts of conventional DL and in good agreement with the theoretical predictions.This work provides a novel way for implementing the achromatic,wide FOV,and high-efficiency imaging with large aperture DL.

Optimization Design of the Grinding Wheel Topography for High Efficiency Grinding

On the basis of the measurement of grains distribution on the grinding wheel surface, many experiential models of the grinding wheel topography were set up. But it is pity that few of them yield practical and valuable achievement as yet. The essential reason is that the common foundation of all these models was based on the actual measurement of specific wheel topography. So it didn’t have universal applicability. Considering that the absolute irregular distribution of grains is not the requirement of the grinding process, contrarily it will bring much negative influence to grinding process. By conversely reasoning, a new conception on the relatively regular and reasonable distribution of grains on the wheel surface in accordance with different machining demands is put forward in this paper, and furthermore a creative idea of optimization design of grinding wheel topography in accordance with machining demands and grinding parameters as well as the optimization of grinding parameters in accordance with machining demands and grinding wheel topography is proposed. In the light of this idea, not only the modeling and simulation of grinding process can be really carried out, but also the optimization of grinding process and the estimation of grinding results can be realized straightway. In conclusion, a superabrasive slotted grinding wheel is designed as a practical application of the optimization model and a creep feed deep grinding experiment is carried out to verify the optimization results.

Research and Development of New High-quality Short-season Cotton Varieties and the Industrial Application of High Efficiency Technologies in Shandong Province——Based on the Innovation of Building a Green and Efficient Farming System

Through the analysis of the impact of changes in the cotton planting industry on cotton production structure and benefit in Shandong under the national cotton production pattern in past ten years,based on the guarantee of food security and the overall ecological regional layout of Shandong s agricultural characteristic and advantageous industries,we proposed that through the development of high-quality short-season cotton and the industrial application of high-efficiency technologies,a green and high-efficiency farming system should be established to comprehensively reduce cotton planting costs,improve comparative benefits,and realize green and efficient optimization technologies that unify the stable production of cotton and high-quality cotton supply and the industrial path supported by the new industrial model.It is aimed to speed up the upgrading and transformation of the existing traditional cotton cropping system,reconstruct a ternary structure of grains,economic crops and fodder in the ecological suitable cotton areas and sub-suitable cotton areas in Shandong,and maintain a series of new green and ecological cotton rotation industrial models including the“double security”of the grain and cotton industries,the ecological“double superiority”of "cotton and fodder",and the high-efficiency"double increase"of cotton and garlic,providing a certain foundation for the research on technological integration innovation and industrial structure optimization of the green,efficient and high-quality development and transformation of the cotton industry in Shandong during the"14 th Five-Year Plan"period.

"Shanghai Hitachi" Creates High Efficiency

The Shanghai Hitachi Electrical Appliances Co. Ltd. is a joint venture company funded by the Shanghai Refrigerator Compressor Co. Ltd., the State Development and Investment Company and Japanese Hitachi Co. Ltd., with a total investment of US$130 million, registered capital of US$65 million. The Chinese side shares 75 percent and

THE CURATIVE EFFECT OF HIGH EFFICIENCY HEMODIALYSIS AND THE GRADIENT CHANGE OF PLASMA OSMOTIC PRESSURE(Report of 27 Cases)

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A hierarchical salt-rejection strategy for sustainable and high-efficiency solar-driven desalination

Solar steam generation(SSG)is widely regarded as one of the most sustainable technologies for seawater desalination.However,salt fouling severely compromises the evaporation performance and lifetime of evaporators,limiting their practical applications.Herein,we propose a hierarchical salt-rejection(HSR)strategy to prevent salt precipitation during long-term evaporation while maintaining a rapid evaporation rate,even in high-salinity brine.The salt diffusion process is segmented into three steps—insulation,branching diffusion,and arterial transport—that significantly enhance the salt-resistance properties of the evaporator.Moreover,the HSR strategy overcomes the tradeoff between salt resistance and evaporation rate.Consequently,a high evaporation rate of 2.84 kg m^(-2) h^(-1),stable evaporation for 7 days cyclic tests in 20 wt%NaCl solution,and continuous operation for 170 h in natural seawater under 1 sun illumination were achieved.Compared with control evaporators,the HSR evaporator exhibited a>54%enhancement in total water evaporation mass during 24 h continuous evaporation in 20 wt%salt water.Furthermore,a water collection device equipped with the HSR evaporator realized a high water purification rate(1.1 kg m^(-2) h^(-1)),highlighting its potential for agricultural applications.

Enabling high-efficiency ethanol oxidation on NiFe-LDH via deprotonation promotion and absorption inhibition

Nucleophile oxidation reaction(NOR), represented by ethanol oxidation reaction(EOR), is a promising pathway to replace oxygen evolution reaction(OER). EOR can effectively reduce the driving voltage of hydrogen production in direct water splitting. In this work, large current and high efficiency of EOR on a Ni, Fe layered double hydroxide(NiFe-LDH) catalyst were simultaneously achieved by a facile fluorination strategy. F in NiFe-LDH can reduce the activation energy of the dehydrogenation reaction, thus promoting the deprotonation process of NiFe-LDH to achieve a lower EOR onset potential. It also weakens the absorption of OH-and nucleophile electrooxidation products on the surface of NiFe-LDH at a higher potential, achieving a high current density and EOR selectivity, according to density functional theory calculations. Based on our experiment results, the optimized fluorinated NiFe-LDH catalyst achieves a low potential of 1.386 V to deliver a 10 mA cm^(-2)EOR. Moreover, the Faraday efficiency is greater than 95%, with a current density ranging from 10 to 250 mA cm^(-2). This work provides a promising pathway for an efficient and cost-effective NOR catalyst design for economic hydrogen production.

High efficiency,low threshold,high repetition rate H-βFraunhofer line light at 486.1 nm generation by an intracavity frequency-doubled optical parametric oscillator

A high efficiency,low threshold,high repetition rate H-βFraunhofer line light at 486.1 nm was demonstrated.A high-efficiency KTP optical parametric oscillator was achieved by double-pass pumping with a high-maturity 5 kHz 532 nm laser.Thanks to the efficient intracavity frequency doubling of the circulating signal wave by a BIBO crystal,the threshold pump power of the 486.1 nm output was 0.9 W,and the maximum output power of 1.6 W was achieved under the pump power of7.5 W.The optical–optical conversion efficiency was 21.3%,with the pulse duration of 45.2 ns,linewidth of~0.12 nm,and beam quality factor M~2 of 2.83.

Brominated PEAI as Multi-Functional Passivator for High-Efficiency Perovskite Solar Cell

The interfaces of perovskite solar cells(PSCs)are well known to be rich in deep-level carrier traps,which serve as non-radiative recombination centers and limit the open-circuit voltage(Voc)and power conversion efficiency(PCE)of PSCs.Defect chemistry and surface passivators have been researched extensively and mainly focused on the neutralization of uncoordinated lead or anion defects.Herein,a novel brominated passivator 2-bromophenethylammonium iodide(2-Br-PEAI)is introduced for a multi-functional passivation effect at the perovskite interface.The brominated species readily form 2D perovskite on top of the 3D perovskite and multi-interact with the 3D perovskite surface.Apart from the halide vacancy filling and anion bonding ability,the Br atoms on the benzene ring can interact with the FA cations via strong hydrogen bonding N-H…Br and interact with the[PbI_(6)]^(4−)inorganic framework.The interface defects in the PSCs are well passivated,minimizing non-radiative recombination and enhancing device performance.As a result,a champion PCE of 24.22%was achieved with high V_(oc)and fill factor.In addition,modified devices also showed enhanced operational stability(retention of>95%initial PCE after 400 h)and humidity resistance(>90%initial PCE maintained after 1500 h under~50%RH).

Analyzing and Exploring a Model for High-Efficiency Perovskite Solar Cells

Perovskite materials have drawn a lot of interest recently due to their potential to increase solar cell efficiency. This study uses the solar cell capacitance simulator (SCAPS-1D) to develop and simulate a perovskite solar cell made of semiconductor materials. The design that has been suggested is Al:ZnO/ZnO/CdS/CsSnCl3 and MoS2. The analysis focuses on how different characteristics of the material affect the device’s performance. The analysis of the data reveals that the architecture had 26.15% power conversion efficiency (PCE). The solar cell creates an interest in developing a non-toxic solar cell with low manufacturing costs, outstanding conversion efficiency, and stability.

ANovel Non-Isolated Cubic DC-DC Converter with High Voltage Gain for Renewable Energy Power Generation System

In recent years,switched inductor(SL)technology,switched capacitor(SC)technology,and switched inductor-capacitor(SL-SC)technology have been widely applied to optimize and improve DC-DC boost converters,which can effectively enhance voltage gain and reduce device stress.To address the issue of low output voltage in current renewable energy power generation systems,this study proposes a novel non-isolated cubic high-gain DC-DC converter based on the traditional quadratic DC-DC boost converter by incorporating a SC and a SL-SC unit.Firstly,the proposed converter’s details are elaborated,including its topology structure,operating mode,voltage gain,device stress,and power loss.Subsequently,a comparative analysis is conducted on the voltage gain and device stress between the proposed converter and other high-gain converters.Then,a closed-loop simulation system is constructed to obtain simulation waveforms of various devices and explore the dynamic performance.Finally,an experimental prototype is built,experimental waveforms are obtained,and the experimental dynamic performance and conversion efficiency are analyzed.The theoretical analysis’s correctness is verified through simulation and experimental results.The proposed converter has advantages such as high voltage gain,low device stress,high conversion efficiency,simple control,and wide input voltage range,achieving a good balance between voltage gain,device stress,and power loss.The proposed converter is well-suited for renewable energy systems and holds theoretical significance and practical value in renewable energy applications.It provides an effective solution to the issue of low output voltage in renewable energy power generation systems.

A safe,low-cost and high-efficiency presodiation strategy for pouch-type sodium-ion capacitors with high energy density

Sodium-ion capacitors(SICs)have attracted appreciable attention in virtue of the higher energy and power densities compared with their rivals,supercapacitors and sodium-ion batteries.Due to the lack of sodium resources in cathode,presodiation is critical for SICs to further augment performances.However,current presodiation strategy utilizes metallic sodium as the presodiation material.In this strategy,assembling/disassembling of half-cells is required,which is dangerous and in creases the time and cost of SIC leading to the restriction of their industrialization and commercialization.Herein we present a safe,low-cost and high-efficiency presodiation strategy by first employing Na_(2)C_(2)O_(4) as the sacrificial salt applied in SICs.Na_(2)C_(2)O_(4) is environmentally friendly and possesses considerably low expenditure.No additional residues remain after sodium extraction ascribed to its"zero dead mass"property.When paired with commercial activated carb on as the cathode and commercial hard carbon as the ano de,the constructed pouch-type SICs exhibit high energy and power densities of 91.7 Wh/kg and 13.1 kW/kg,respectively.This work shows a prospect of realizing the safe and low-cost manufacturing for high-performance SICs commercially.

Low-cost method of fabricating large-aperture,high efficiency,Fresnel diffractive membrane optic using a modified moir technique

To reduce the cost and achieve high diffraction efficiency,a modified moire technique for fabricating a largeaperture multi-level Fresnel membrane optic by a novel design of alignment marks is proposed.The modified moire fringes vary more sensitively with the actual misaUgnment.Hence,the alignment accuracy is significantly improved.Using the proposed method,a 20 urn thick,four-level Fresnel diffractive polyimide membrane optic with a 200 mm diameter is made,which exhibits over 62%diffraction efficiency into the+1 order,and an efficiency root mean sauare of 0.051.

Dual-band independent phase control based on high efficiency metasurface[Invited]

A general method to realize arbitrary dual-band independent phase control is proposed and demonstrated in this paper.A double-layered C-shape reflective meta-atom is designed to realize independent phase control with high efficiency.As a proof of concept,we propose two functional metasurfaces in the microwave region;the first metasurface performs beam steering in different directions,and the second metasurface generates achromatic beam steering at two distinct frequencies.Both simulation and measurement results agree well with the theoretical pre-setting.The maximum measured efficiency is 88.7%and 92.3%at 6.8 GHz and 8.0 GHz,respectively,for one metasurface,and 91.0%and 89.8%at 6.9 GHz and8.6 GHz,respectively,for the other.

High-efficiency forming processes for complex thin-walled titanium alloys components: state-of-the-art and perspectives

Complex thin-walled titanium alloy components play a key role in the aircraft,aerospace and marine industries,offering the advantages of reduced weight and increased thermal resistance.The geometrical complexity,dimensional accuracy and in-service properties are essential to fulfill the high-performance standards required in new transportation systems,which brings new challenges to titanium alloy forming technologies.Traditional forming processes,such as superplastic forming or hot pressing,cannot meet all demands of modern applications due to their limited properties,low productivity and high cost.This has encouraged industry and research groups to develop novel high-efficiency forming processes.Hot gas pressure forming and hot stamping-quenching technologies have been developed for the manufacture of tubular and panel components,and are believed to be the cut-edge processes guaranteeing dimensional accuracy,microstructure and mechanical properties.This article intends to provide a critical review of high-efficiency titanium alloy forming processes,concentrating on latest investigations of controlling dimensional accuracy,microstructure and properties.The advantages and limitations of individual forming process are comprehensively analyzed,through which,future research trends of high-efficiency forming are identified including trends in process integration,processing window design,full cycle and multi-objective optimization.This review aims to provide a guide for researchers and process designers on the manufacture of thin-walled titanium alloy components whilst achieving high dimensional accuracy and satisfying performance properties with high efficiency and low cost.

Low Cost, High Efficiency, Gain Flattened L Band EDFA Using FBGs as C Band Seed Generators

A low cost, coolerless 980nm diode pumped, gain flattened L band EDFA with fast transient control, high pump efficiency and gain clamping effect was realized by using FBGs as C band seed generators.

Surface passivation and hole extraction:Bifunctional interfacial engineering toward high-performance all-inorganic CsPbIBr2 perovskite solar cells with efficiency exceeding 12%

All-inorganic CsPbIBr2perovskite solar cells(PSCs)have attracted considerable research attention in recent years due to their excellent thermal stability.However,their power conversion efficiencies(PCEs)are relatively low and still far below the theoretical limit.Here,we report the use of an organic dye molecule(namely VG1-C8)as a bifunctional interlayer between perovskite and the hole-transport layer in CsPbIBr2PSCs.Combined experimental and theoretical calculation results disclose that the multiple Lewis base sites in VG1-C8 can effectively passivate the trap states on the perovskite films.Meanwhile,theπ-conjugated dye molecule significantly accelerates the hole extraction from the perovskite absorber as evidenced by the photoluminescence analysis.Consequently,the VG1-C8 treatment simultaneously boosts the photovoltage and photocurrent density values from 1.26 V and 10.80 mA cm^(-2) to 1.31 V and 12.44 m A cm^(-2),respectively.This leads to a significant enhancement of PCE from 9.20%to12.10%under one sun irradiation(AM 1.5G).To our knowledge,this is the record efficiency reported so far for CsPbIBr_(2) PSCs.Thus,the present work demonstrates an effective interfacial passivation strategy for the development of highly efficient PSCs.