On the basis of reviewing the progress in the high efficient enrichment from secondary resources of low grade precious metals at home and abroad, a process route of the high efficient enrichment precious metals from s...On the basis of reviewing the progress in the high efficient enrichment from secondary resources of low grade precious metals at home and abroad, a process route of the high efficient enrichment precious metals from secondary resources of low-grade metals by adding iron oxide as the trapping agent, reducing agent, additive, mixing uniformly and grinding, pelletizing, reduction, grinding and separation, and selectively acid leaching iron has been put forward in this paper. The experiments of reduction, grinding and separation, and selectively acid leaching iron were carried out mainly. Under the decided experiment parameters and conditions, iron generated during the reduction can trap precious metals during reduction, high active alloy powders were obtained from the reduced products by grinding and separation, the concentration of precious metals was obtained by acid leaching high active alloy powders. The better enrichment effect was obtained by adopting the technical route of processing. Other low grade noble metal materials and enrichment ratio of precious metals from the materials to acid products was high through acid leaching. This process has the advantages of simple process, environmental-friendly, strong adaptability of raw materials, high concentration ratio, which was regarded as a kind of the general efficient enrichment technology of low grade precious metal materials.展开更多
As the main factors affecting stable and high production and the production regularity of lacustrine shale oil are unclear,the theoretical understandings,key exploration and development technologies,development effect...As the main factors affecting stable and high production and the production regularity of lacustrine shale oil are unclear,the theoretical understandings,key exploration and development technologies,development effect and production regularity of lacustrine shale oil have been analyzed and summarized based on 700 m cores taken systematically from Paleogene Kong 2 Member of 4 wells in Cangdong sag,over 100000 analysis data and formation testing data.Three theoretical understandings on shale oil enrichment and high production have been reached:(1)High-quality shale with“three highs and one low”is the material base for shale oil enrichment.(2)Medium-slightly high thermal evolution degree is the favorable condition for shale oil enrichment.(3)Laminar felsic shale is the optimal shale layer for oil enrichment in semi-deep lake facies.Key exploration and development technologies such as shale oil enrichment layer and area evaluation and prediction,horizontal well pattern layout,shale oil reservoir fracturing,optimization of shale oil production regime have been established to support high and stable shale oil production.Under the guidance of these theoretical understandings and technologies,shale oil in Cangdong sag has achieved high and stable production,and 4 of them had the highest production of over 100 tons a day during formation testing.In particular,Well GY5-1-1 L had a daily oil production of 208 m^(3).By April,2022,the 28 wells combined have a stable oil production of 300–350 tons a day,and have produced 17.8×10^(4) t of oil cumulatively.It is found that the shale oil production of horizontal well declines exponentially in natural flow stage,and declines in step pattern and then tends stable in the artificial lift stage.Proportion of light hydrocarbons in produced shale oil is in positive correlation with daily oil production and decreases regularly during production test.展开更多
In recent years,genome editing with site-specific nucleases,such as ZFN（zinc finger nuclease）,TALEN（transcription activatorlike effector nucleases）,and CRISPR/Cas9（the type II bacterial clustered,regularly inters...In recent years,genome editing with site-specific nucleases,such as ZFN（zinc finger nuclease）,TALEN（transcription activatorlike effector nucleases）,and CRISPR/Cas9（the type II bacterial clustered,regularly interspaced,short palindromic repeats-associated protein 9）,has gained popularity for use in cell lines,animals,and plants（Urnov et al.,2010;Miller et al.,2011;Cong et al.展开更多
基金The National Basic Research Program( 973 Plan) of China(2012CB724201)
文摘On the basis of reviewing the progress in the high efficient enrichment from secondary resources of low grade precious metals at home and abroad, a process route of the high efficient enrichment precious metals from secondary resources of low-grade metals by adding iron oxide as the trapping agent, reducing agent, additive, mixing uniformly and grinding, pelletizing, reduction, grinding and separation, and selectively acid leaching iron has been put forward in this paper. The experiments of reduction, grinding and separation, and selectively acid leaching iron were carried out mainly. Under the decided experiment parameters and conditions, iron generated during the reduction can trap precious metals during reduction, high active alloy powders were obtained from the reduced products by grinding and separation, the concentration of precious metals was obtained by acid leaching high active alloy powders. The better enrichment effect was obtained by adopting the technical route of processing. Other low grade noble metal materials and enrichment ratio of precious metals from the materials to acid products was high through acid leaching. This process has the advantages of simple process, environmental-friendly, strong adaptability of raw materials, high concentration ratio, which was regarded as a kind of the general efficient enrichment technology of low grade precious metal materials.
基金Supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2020YFA0710504)Science and Technology Project of China National Petroleum Corporation(2021DQ0508)PetroChina Science and Technology Major Project(2019E-2602)。
文摘As the main factors affecting stable and high production and the production regularity of lacustrine shale oil are unclear,the theoretical understandings,key exploration and development technologies,development effect and production regularity of lacustrine shale oil have been analyzed and summarized based on 700 m cores taken systematically from Paleogene Kong 2 Member of 4 wells in Cangdong sag,over 100000 analysis data and formation testing data.Three theoretical understandings on shale oil enrichment and high production have been reached:(1)High-quality shale with“three highs and one low”is the material base for shale oil enrichment.(2)Medium-slightly high thermal evolution degree is the favorable condition for shale oil enrichment.(3)Laminar felsic shale is the optimal shale layer for oil enrichment in semi-deep lake facies.Key exploration and development technologies such as shale oil enrichment layer and area evaluation and prediction,horizontal well pattern layout,shale oil reservoir fracturing,optimization of shale oil production regime have been established to support high and stable shale oil production.Under the guidance of these theoretical understandings and technologies,shale oil in Cangdong sag has achieved high and stable production,and 4 of them had the highest production of over 100 tons a day during formation testing.In particular,Well GY5-1-1 L had a daily oil production of 208 m^(3).By April,2022,the 28 wells combined have a stable oil production of 300–350 tons a day,and have produced 17.8×10^(4) t of oil cumulatively.It is found that the shale oil production of horizontal well declines exponentially in natural flow stage,and declines in step pattern and then tends stable in the artificial lift stage.Proportion of light hydrocarbons in produced shale oil is in positive correlation with daily oil production and decreases regularly during production test.
基金supported by the Science Research Center of the National Research Foundation of Korea (No. 2015R1A5A1009701).
文摘In recent years,genome editing with site-specific nucleases,such as ZFN（zinc finger nuclease）,TALEN（transcription activatorlike effector nucleases）,and CRISPR/Cas9（the type II bacterial clustered,regularly interspaced,short palindromic repeats-associated protein 9）,has gained popularity for use in cell lines,animals,and plants（Urnov et al.,2010;Miller et al.,2011;Cong et al.
