High spatial resolution and high temporal frequency fractional vegetation cover(FVC) products have been increasingly in demand to monitor and research land surface processes. This paper develops an algorithm to estima...High spatial resolution and high temporal frequency fractional vegetation cover(FVC) products have been increasingly in demand to monitor and research land surface processes. This paper develops an algorithm to estimate FVC at a 30-m/15-day resolution over China by taking advantage of the spatial and temporal information from different types of sensors: the 30-m resolution sensor on the Chinese environment satellite(HJ-1) and the 1-km Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer(MODIS). The algorithm was implemented for each main vegetation class and each land cover type over China. First, the high spatial resolution and high temporal frequency normalized difference vegetation index(NDVI) was acquired by using the continuous correction(CC) data assimilation method. Then, FVC was generated with a nonlinear pixel unmixing model. Model coefficients were obtained by statistical analysis of the MODIS NDVI. The proposed method was evaluated based on in situ FVC measurements and a global FVC product(GEOV1 FVC). Direct validation using in situ measurements at 97 sampling plots per half month in 2010 showed that the annual mean errors(MEs) of forest, cropland, and grassland were-0.025, 0.133, and 0.160, respectively, indicating that the FVCs derived from the proposed algorithm were consistent with ground measurements [R2 = 0.809,root-mean-square deviation(RMSD) = 0.065]. An intercomparison between the proposed FVC and GEOV1 FVC demonstrated that the two products had good spatial–temporal consistency and similar magnitude(RMSD approximates 0.1). Overall, the approach provides a new operational way to estimate high spatial resolution and high temporal frequency FVC from multiple remote sensing datasets.展开更多
This paper studies an M-estimator of a proxy periodic GARCH （p, q） scaling model and establishes its consistency and asymptotic normality. Simulation studies are carried out to assess the performance of the estimato...This paper studies an M-estimator of a proxy periodic GARCH （p, q） scaling model and establishes its consistency and asymptotic normality. Simulation studies are carried out to assess the performance of the estimator. The numerical results show that our M-estimator is more efficient and robust than other estimators without the use of high-frequency data.展开更多
为了研究换流站现场干扰信号的抗干扰措施、提高现场局部放电检测的准确性和可靠性,有必要对换流站内的干扰信号进行测量。为此,在±800 k V换流站内采用常规脉冲电流法和特高频法分别测量了阀厅内的干扰信号、交流线路下换流变附...为了研究换流站现场干扰信号的抗干扰措施、提高现场局部放电检测的准确性和可靠性,有必要对换流站内的干扰信号进行测量。为此,在±800 k V换流站内采用常规脉冲电流法和特高频法分别测量了阀厅内的干扰信号、交流线路下换流变附近的干扰信号以及平波电抗器和直流滤波器间的干扰信号,并对现场可能存在的干扰信号进行实验室模拟,以进一步确定换流站内现场干扰信号的类型、来源及特征。测量结果表明:1)检修状态下极Ⅰ低压阀厅内测得的背景噪声主要是一些无线电干扰信号,如GSM制式的手机干扰信号、对讲机干扰信号;2)在交流线路下换流变附近测得的干扰信号主要是周期型的脉冲干扰信号,如高压汞灯产生的干扰信号,该类型的干扰信号散点图在某一固定相位处呈长条状分布;3)当高压线路带有800 k V直流电压时,在平波电抗器和直流滤波器间测得的干扰信号主要由高压直流导线上的电晕放电产生,该放电信号为等幅值的脉冲干扰信号,且随相位均匀分布。展开更多
基金Supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2018YFC1506501, 2018YFA0605503, and2016YFB0501502)Special Program of Gaofen Satellites (04-Y30B01-9001-18/20-3-1)National Natural Science Foundation of China (41871230 and 41871231)。
文摘High spatial resolution and high temporal frequency fractional vegetation cover(FVC) products have been increasingly in demand to monitor and research land surface processes. This paper develops an algorithm to estimate FVC at a 30-m/15-day resolution over China by taking advantage of the spatial and temporal information from different types of sensors: the 30-m resolution sensor on the Chinese environment satellite(HJ-1) and the 1-km Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer(MODIS). The algorithm was implemented for each main vegetation class and each land cover type over China. First, the high spatial resolution and high temporal frequency normalized difference vegetation index(NDVI) was acquired by using the continuous correction(CC) data assimilation method. Then, FVC was generated with a nonlinear pixel unmixing model. Model coefficients were obtained by statistical analysis of the MODIS NDVI. The proposed method was evaluated based on in situ FVC measurements and a global FVC product(GEOV1 FVC). Direct validation using in situ measurements at 97 sampling plots per half month in 2010 showed that the annual mean errors(MEs) of forest, cropland, and grassland were-0.025, 0.133, and 0.160, respectively, indicating that the FVCs derived from the proposed algorithm were consistent with ground measurements [R2 = 0.809,root-mean-square deviation(RMSD) = 0.065]. An intercomparison between the proposed FVC and GEOV1 FVC demonstrated that the two products had good spatial–temporal consistency and similar magnitude(RMSD approximates 0.1). Overall, the approach provides a new operational way to estimate high spatial resolution and high temporal frequency FVC from multiple remote sensing datasets.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.71673315)Foundation of Beijing Technology and Business University(LKJJ2016-03)Capital Circulation Research Base(JD-YB-2017-016)
文摘This paper studies an M-estimator of a proxy periodic GARCH （p, q） scaling model and establishes its consistency and asymptotic normality. Simulation studies are carried out to assess the performance of the estimator. The numerical results show that our M-estimator is more efficient and robust than other estimators without the use of high-frequency data.
文摘为了研究换流站现场干扰信号的抗干扰措施、提高现场局部放电检测的准确性和可靠性,有必要对换流站内的干扰信号进行测量。为此,在±800 k V换流站内采用常规脉冲电流法和特高频法分别测量了阀厅内的干扰信号、交流线路下换流变附近的干扰信号以及平波电抗器和直流滤波器间的干扰信号,并对现场可能存在的干扰信号进行实验室模拟,以进一步确定换流站内现场干扰信号的类型、来源及特征。测量结果表明:1)检修状态下极Ⅰ低压阀厅内测得的背景噪声主要是一些无线电干扰信号,如GSM制式的手机干扰信号、对讲机干扰信号;2)在交流线路下换流变附近测得的干扰信号主要是周期型的脉冲干扰信号,如高压汞灯产生的干扰信号,该类型的干扰信号散点图在某一固定相位处呈长条状分布;3)当高压线路带有800 k V直流电压时,在平波电抗器和直流滤波器间测得的干扰信号主要由高压直流导线上的电晕放电产生,该放电信号为等幅值的脉冲干扰信号,且随相位均匀分布。
