A Frequency Selective Surface Loaded UWB Antenna for High Gain Applications

This paper presents the design of wideband and high gainFrequency Selective Surface(FSS)loaded antenna for ultra-wideband(UWB)wireless applications requiring high-gain.The antenna consists of a monopole and an FSS reflector.Initially,a conventional rectangular monopole antenna is modified using slot and stub to achieve wide operational bandwidth and size reduction.This modified antenna shows 50%miniaturization compared to a primary rectangular monopole,having a wide impedance bandwidth of 3.6-11.8 GHz.Afterward,an FSS is constructed by the combination of circular and square ring structures.The FSS array consisting of 8×8-unit cells are integrated with the antenna as a reflector to enhance the performance of the proposed miniaturized UWB antenna.The loading of FSS results in an improvement of at least 4 dBi gain in the entire operational bandwidth.Moreover,the antenna’s bandwidth is also increased at the lower frequency band due to the presence of the FSS.A prototype of the antenna is fabricated and tested to verify the simulation results.The simulation and measurement results show that the antenna offers a wideband-10 dB impedance bandwidth ranging from 2.55-13GHz with a stable peak gain of 8.6 dBi and retains the radiation pattern stability.

Rectangular Microstrip Antenna with Air Cavity for High Gain and Improved Front to Back Ratio

A rectangular microstrip patch antenna using conventional Poly Tetra Fluride Ethelene (PTFE) substrate with air cavity is proposed and theoretically investigated. Considerably high gain along with improved front to back radiation isolation is demonstrated using such proposed antenna. The radiation performance of this new antenna has been compared to a conventional microstrip patch for some commonly used aspect ratios (width to length ratio). Compared to conventional microstrip antenna the proposed configuration shows more than 12% increment in peak gain and more than 10% increment in front to back radiation performance in each set of aspect ratio. The elucidation of such improvement in the radiation characteristics of the proposed antenna is also presented.

STUDY ON THE WIDE-BAND AND HIGH-GAIN MICROSTRIP ANTENNA ELEMENT

A novel three layers microstrip antenna element that has the advantages of wideband and high-gain is proposed. The eigenvalue equation and the frequency characteristic formulas of the input Voltage Stand Wave Ratio ( VSWR ) are obtained by using the spectral domain method and equivalent circuit method, respectively. With the aid of the numerical results, a C-band microstrip antenna element with bandwidth of 16% (VSWR【1.5) or 25% (VSWR【2) and gain of 10.2-11.3 dB is developed, which are much larger than the bandwidth of 5-6% and the gain of 6-7 dB of the common microstrip antenna element.

Gain Enhancement of Dielectric Resonator Antenna Using Electromagnetic Bandgap Structure

High gain antennas are highly desirable for long-range wireless communication systems.In this paper,a compact,low profile,and high gain dielectric resonator antenna is proposed,fabricated,experimentally tested,and verified.The proposed antenna system has a cylindrical dielectric resonator antenna with a height of 9 mm and a radius of 6.35 mm as a radiating element.The proposed dielectric resonator antenna is sourced with a slot while the slot is excited with a rectangular microstrip transmission line.The microstrip transmission line is designed for a 50impedance to provide maximum power to the slot.As a result,the proposed antenna operates at 5.15 GHz with a 10-dB absolute bandwidth of 430 MHz(4.98–5.41 GHz).It is important to mention that the gain of the dielectric resonator antenna is enhanced by the introduction of an electromagnetic bandgap(EBG)structure.In fact,EBG units are placed below the antenna,which enhances the realized peak gain from 5.32 dBi to 8.36 dBi at 5.15 GHz.More specifically,a gain enhancement of 3.04 dB is observed with the introduction of the EBG array.This antenna has several good features such as high gain,compact size,large bandwidth,and lower losses which make it a suitable choice for long-range wireless communication systems.

用于微波无线输能的高增益柔性天线研究

为克服传统有线供能方式的接入不便问题,提出了一种用于5.8 GHz微波无线输能(MWPT)高增益柔性天线。天线以聚酰亚胺(PI)为基底,采用广义迭代设计方法得到3层圆环结构,并选用共面波导(CPW)方式馈电。此外,为提高天线增益,在天线背面加载空气层和柔性反射板,并对天线性能进行了测试。测量结果显示:该天线在频率5.8 GHz处的峰值增益为9.51 dBi;当天线弯曲在曲率半径为85,60,45 mm时,增益始终保持在8.89 dBi以上,S_(11)幅值始终小于-10 dB。最后,通过微波无线输能实验测得该天线最大能量捕获效率可达71.3%,在弯曲状态下也能保持59%以上的捕获效率。该天线的高增益、高能量捕获效率以及稳定性证明了其在微波无线输能中具有潜在的应用价值。

一种全透明宽带高增益离子液体透镜天线

基于5G美化移动基站和军用领域中光学/微波多模复合制导隐身等对天线光学透明和易伪装隐蔽的现实需求,本文设计了一种全透明宽带高增益离子液体天线。天线由离子液体,椭球透镜容器,锥形辐射引向器,以及带有透明导电膜的反射地板组成。首先,利用介质透镜上对频率的无选择性使得天线获得宽带特性。其次,通过使用低损耗离子液体和椭球透镜结构,使得液体介质透镜产生一个同相射线场,从而可以产生极强的方向性。最后,在液体介质周围加载一个锥形辐射引向器,使得辐射波束进一步集中,从而提高增益。此外,通过在天线的背面加载透明导电膜反射地板,进一步降低了后瓣,并且使整个天线呈现了光学全透明的效果。仿真和实验表明,天线工作在9.9 GHz~18 GHz(S11≤-10 dB)频带范围,最大实测增益可达12.1 dBi。天线在雷达探测、5G基站、电子对抗以及透明电子产品等领域中具有广泛的应用前景。

脉冲宽度对高功率微波阵列天线辐射特性的影响

为了研究馈入脉冲波形的脉冲宽度(脉冲半高宽)对高功率微波阵列天线辐射特性的影响,以L波段(1.575 GHz)高功率微波波导缝隙阵列天线为例,首先从理论分析、数值仿真方面研究不同馈入脉冲波形脉宽对阵列天线辐射增益和辐射脉冲脉宽的影响,然后根据仿真模型加工制作了一款由4根波导组成的宽边纵缝阵列天线,并将波导缝隙阵列天线结合功分网络与吉瓦级微波源(高功率微波磁控管)连试,开展了高功率微波辐射实验。数值仿真结果表明,当馈入的L波段微波脉冲脉宽约为10 ns时,阵列天线辐射增益比连续波馈入时的增益减小2.2 dB,脉宽展宽2.6 ns;当馈入脉冲波形脉宽约为15 ns时,阵列天线时域增益比连续波馈入时的时域增益减小1.5 dB,脉宽展宽1.9 ns。高功率微波实验结果表明,与辐射场脉宽为9.6 ns的高功率微波相比,辐射场脉冲脉宽为15.65 ns的高功率微波功率密度提升了3.1 dB。

超表面宽带天线的仿真与设计

仿真设计了一款基于超表面的宽带贴片天线,通过在矩形辐射贴片上刻蚀“工”字型缝隙展宽了天线的带宽,在不改变天线尺寸和工作频段的基础上,距离天线介质基板为H的正上方加载了5×5正方形单元结构组成的单层超表面,改善了天线的阻抗匹配,提高了天线的增益。仿真结果显示,该天线的工作频段为4.7~7.9 GHz,带宽为3.2 GHz,实现了宽带化,在工作频段内辐射方向稳定,最大增益达到了6.83 dBi。

一种和差波束可重构的微带贴片天线

本文设计了一种工作在TM03模式的单层方形和差波束可重构的开槽微带贴片天线。该天线由同轴探针馈电,没有复杂的和差网络和馈电结构。顶层辐射贴片上三个平行排布的矩形槽用于和波束方向图的旁瓣降低和增益增强。槽两侧的八个金属过孔用于产生差波束。底层金属地上设计了简单的二极管开关控制电路用于实现和波束与差波束的切换。测试结果表明,该和差波束天线的中心工作频率为3.53 GHz,-10 dB阻抗带宽为1.4%,和波束的增益为11.35 dBi,旁瓣电平为-22.9 dB,半功率波束宽度为45°,差波束的增益为9.62 dBi,零深深度为-17.95 dB。本文提出的和差波束可重构微带贴片天线结构紧凑,低剖面、高增益,且具有良好的辐射特性,易于在PCB板上与其他平面电路集成。

一种高增益超薄柔性可穿戴天线阵列设计

为克服微带天线增益较低的限制并提高天线的整体性能,基于聚酰亚胺材料和十字形单元,提出并设计了一种超薄柔性可穿戴的高增益天线阵列。该天线阵列由16个十字形天线单元均匀分布在4×4的拓扑结构中组成,体积为72 mm×72 mm×0.4 mm,最大增益可达9.7 dBi,天线单元工作频段为5.75~5.83 GHz,中心频率为5.8 GHz,相比于现有文献的微带天线平均增益提升了3.87 dB。对天线阵列进行了实物制作及测试,测试结果与仿真结果吻合较好,证明了该设计方案的可行性和实用性。

超材料加载的高增益Vivaldi天线

文中研究了一款超宽带对拓式Vivaldi天线。为了提高其增益,设计了一款具有非谐振式特性的超宽带人工电磁超材料单元,将此单元与对拓式Vivaldi天线集成后,可以在不影响天线效率及回波损耗的特性下提高天线增益,实测最高可提高2.5 dB。天线尺寸为0.9250λ×0.6500λ×0.0083λ,实测阻抗带宽为2.5 GHz~20.0 GHz,可达8个倍频程,在15 GHz时实测增益可达到9.56 dBi。天线实测与仿真结果基本吻合。在主要工作频带内,天线呈现较好的定向辐射效果,可应用于电磁兼容测试、探地雷达测试、超宽带无线传输系统、微波脑检测系统等领域。

用于高功率微波系统的全介质透镜阵列天线

为了实现透镜阵列天线所需的移相范围,设计了两种不同的单元结构,通过优化参数,在保证良好的传输幅值的基础上实现相移范围的互补。为了探索在高功率微波系统应用,对两种单元的功率容量也开展了详细研究。在无限周期情况下,随着单元尺寸变化,单元功率容量范围为1.08~19.37 MW;通过研制口径为315 mm×315 mm的透镜天线来构建有限周期条件,并仿真计算得到该天线最大功率容量为226.553 MW,功率密度可以达到2283.23 W/mm^(2),并且该天线在中心频点10 GHz处峰值增益可达到29.37 dBi,口径效率为62.43%,副瓣电平约为-21.54 dBi。结果表明所提出单元的有效性与正确性,也说明设计的透镜阵列天线不仅具有良好的辐射特性,同时具有MW量级的功率容量。

双槽对拓式Vivaldi超宽带天线设计

为了解决传统对拓式Vivaldi天线在低频段带宽不足和整个频段内辐射增益低等缺点,文中设计了一种结构新颖的双槽对拓式Vivaldi超宽带天线。该天线采用对拓双槽的形式,内槽线曲率大于外槽线曲率,内槽线长度小于外槽线长度,介质基板两侧内辐射臂通过通孔连接,拓宽了天线的低频带宽,提高了天线的辐射性能;另外在天线外侧辐射臂添加指数凹槽,使低频电流流径得到了增加,进一步拓宽了低频带宽,减小了天线的尺寸;使用指数超宽带功分器进行馈电,提高了天线的抗干扰性能。仿真和实测结果表明,该天线最高增益为10.8 dBi,增益曲线平坦,具有良好的阻抗匹配特性,在2 GHz~18 GHz的频带范围内辐射特性良好,可以实现超宽带传输。

毫米波高增益折叠透射阵列天线设计

文中设计了一款低剖面的毫米波高增益折叠透射阵列天线。该天线将兼具极化选择和相位全覆盖调控性能的超薄透射型超表面,与具有极化扭转特性的反射型超表面结合,采用π/4相位补偿步长,在实现低剖面的同时提高了天线增益。实验表明:所设计天线在94 GHz增益为35.7 dBi,口径效率为47.4%,3 dB增益带宽为22%。该设计克服了毫米波天线难以兼顾低剖面和高效率的限制。

应用于5G毫米波系统的低副瓣高增益平面阵列天线设计

本文设计了一种工作于5G毫米波频段的低副瓣高增益平面阵列天线。该天线结构由128个天线阵元组成,采用泰勒分布综合法构建阵列天线的非等幅馈电网络,从而降低阵列天线副瓣幅度,提升天线阵列的辐射效率。经过仿真验证,阵列天线阻抗带宽达到3.95 GHz,工作频段内天线最高增益为19.10 dBi,E面主副瓣电平比低于﹣20 dB,符合设计要求。通过优化馈电网络的设计,成功实现了低副瓣高增益的目标。同时,还对天线的性能进行了全面的仿真和验证。结果表明,在5G毫米波频段内,该天线具有较宽的阻抗带宽和较高的增益;天线的副瓣电平较低,可以有效降低干扰和提高信号的质量。在未来的5G通信系统中,该天线可用于增强覆盖范围、提高通信质量和容量。由于其适用于毫米波频段,还可以应用于雷达系统、无线传感器网络等领域。因此,本研究对于5G通信技术的发展以及相关领域的应用具有一定的推动作用。

Design and Analysis of Antipodal Vivaldi Antennas for Breast Cancer Detection

This paper presents the design and analysis of antipodal Vivaldi antennas(AVAs)for breast cancer detection.In order to enhance the antenna gain,different techniques such as using the uniform and non-uniform corrugation,expanding the dielectric substrate and adding the parasitic patch are applied to original AVA.The design procedure of two developed AVA structures i.e.,AVA with non-uniform corrugation and AVA with parasitic patch are presented.The proposed AVAs are designed on inexpensive FR4 substrate.The AVA with non-uniform corrugation has compact dimension of 50×50 mm2 or 0.28λL×0.28λL,whereλL is wavelength of the lowest operating frequency.The antenna can operate within the frequency range from 1.63 GHz to over 8 GHz.For the AVA with parasitic patch and uniform corrugation,the overall size of antenna is 50×86 mm2 or 0.24λL×0.41λL.It can operate within the frequency range from 1.4 GHz to over 8 GHz.The maximum gain for AVA with non-uniform corrugation and AVA with parasitic patch and uniform corrugation are 9.03 and 11.31 dBi,respectively.The corrugation profile and parasitic patch of the proposed antenna are optimized to achieve the desired properties for breast cancer detection.In addition,the proposed AVAs are measured with breast phantom to detect cancerous cell inside the breast and the performance in detecting cancerous cell are discussed.The measured result can confirm that the proposed AVAs can detect unwanted cell inside the breast while maintaining the compact size,simple structure and low complexity in design.

一种热带鱼形端射圆极化RFID阅读器天线

本文提出了一种端射圆极化RFID阅读器天线。该天线采用矩形波导结构(等效为磁偶极子)结合一对热带鱼形振子结构(等效为电偶极子),同时采用约四分之一波长的微带线结构和U型微带线调节阻抗匹配以及移相。最终,设计了一款超高频端射右旋圆极化天线,仿真结果表明该天线在谐振频点处的S11为-29.5 dB,增益Gain为4.49 dBi,阻抗带宽为90 MHz(880 MHz-970 MHz),3 dB轴比带宽(AR)为150 MHz(850 MHz-1000 MHz),可广泛应用于超高频RFID阅读器。

一种宽带高增益全向天线的设计与实现

针对通信设备宽频带信号传输过程中,信号强度弱无法完成远距离传输、天线设备形式复杂、体积大等问题,本文提出了一种高增益印刷对称振子全向天线。天线两对辐射振子片分别位于印制板两面,通过带有匹配枝节的微带传输线馈电网络将两对辐射振子进行组阵。设计采用金属化过孔连接了电缆的内芯,将电缆金属外皮另一侧的辐射片焊接在一起,通过这种方式来对天线进行馈电。天线设备形式简单,体积小,既改善了天线的阻抗匹配,又有效的提高了天线增益,使得天线在宽频带内实现了全向辐射,相对带宽达到54.77%,且在带内增益大于3 dB,水平面方向图的不圆度小于2.2 dB。经过实际验证,该天线能够满足所设应用场景。

双频一体化超宽带探地雷达天线设计

针对目前探地雷达(Ground Penetrating Radar,GPR)产品单一频段工作所导致的耗时费力、效率低等缺点,文中设计实现了一种中心频率分别为400 MHz、1000 MHz且带宽为200~1500 MHz的双频一体化复合阵列天线,并将其应用于超宽带(Ultra-Wide Band,UWB)探地雷达系统中。阵列天线包含3个中心频率为400 MHz和6个中心频率为1000 MHz的蝶形天线,具备双频段同时探测能力,可实现一条测线含两种不同频段的探测结果,克服了传统探地雷达不同频率的重复探测问题,增强了探地雷达系统的实用性。所提出的双频一体化探地雷达天线具有超宽带、高增益、波束窄等特点,其相对带宽为153%,整个带宽内最高实现17.6 dBi峰值增益,半功率波束宽度最窄为7.6°,为高分辨率、高效率探地雷达应用提供了一种新的天线方案。