The storage of hydrogen gas in lined rock caverns(LRCs)may enable the implementation of the firstlarge-scale fossil-free steelmaking process in Sweden,but filling such storage causes joints in the rockmass to open,con...The storage of hydrogen gas in lined rock caverns(LRCs)may enable the implementation of the firstlarge-scale fossil-free steelmaking process in Sweden,but filling such storage causes joints in the rockmass to open,concentrating strains in the lining.The structural interaction between the LRC componentsmust be able to reduce the strain concentration in the sealing steel lining;however,this interaction iscomplex and difficult to predict with analytical methods.In this paper,the strain concentration in LRCsfrom the opening of rock joints is studied using finite element(FE)analyses,where the large-and small-scale deformation behaviors of the LRC are coupled.The model also includes concrete crack initiation anddevelopment with increasing gas pressure and rock joint width.The interaction between the jointed rockmass and the reinforced concrete,the sliding layer,and the steel lining is demonstrated.The results showthat the rock mass quality and the spacing of the rock joints have the greatest influence on the straindistributions in the steel lining.The largest effect of rock joints on the maximum strains in the steellining was observed for geological conditions of“good”quality rock masses.展开更多
To deal with the problem of how to control the interior ballistic stability in the bulk-loaded liquid propellant gun, the expansion and mixing process of the twin combustion-gas jets with high temperature and pressure...To deal with the problem of how to control the interior ballistic stability in the bulk-loaded liquid propellant gun, the expansion and mixing process of the twin combustion-gas jets with high temperature and pressure in a liquid medium is studied in the cylindrical filling liquid chamber. A series of the jet expansion shapes is obtained by using a high-speed photographic system. The influences of the jet pressure on the jet expansion shape are discussed. Based on the experiments, the three-dimensional mathematical model is established. The expansion processes of the twin gas jets in the liquid medium are simulated by means of fluent to get the pressure, density, temperature, velocity contours and evolutionary process of vortices. Results show that the jet external out-line and tops are all irregular. The Kelvin-Helmholtz instability is shown in the whole expansion process. The numerical simulation results of the axial displacement of the twin gas jets in liquid agree well with the experiment.展开更多
基金supported by the Swedish Energy Agency(Grant Nos.42684-2,P2022-00209).
文摘The storage of hydrogen gas in lined rock caverns(LRCs)may enable the implementation of the firstlarge-scale fossil-free steelmaking process in Sweden,but filling such storage causes joints in the rockmass to open,concentrating strains in the lining.The structural interaction between the LRC componentsmust be able to reduce the strain concentration in the sealing steel lining;however,this interaction iscomplex and difficult to predict with analytical methods.In this paper,the strain concentration in LRCsfrom the opening of rock joints is studied using finite element(FE)analyses,where the large-and small-scale deformation behaviors of the LRC are coupled.The model also includes concrete crack initiation anddevelopment with increasing gas pressure and rock joint width.The interaction between the jointed rockmass and the reinforced concrete,the sliding layer,and the steel lining is demonstrated.The results showthat the rock mass quality and the spacing of the rock joints have the greatest influence on the straindistributions in the steel lining.The largest effect of rock joints on the maximum strains in the steellining was observed for geological conditions of“good”quality rock masses.
基金Project support by the National Science Foundation of China(Grant No.50776048)
文摘To deal with the problem of how to control the interior ballistic stability in the bulk-loaded liquid propellant gun, the expansion and mixing process of the twin combustion-gas jets with high temperature and pressure in a liquid medium is studied in the cylindrical filling liquid chamber. A series of the jet expansion shapes is obtained by using a high-speed photographic system. The influences of the jet pressure on the jet expansion shape are discussed. Based on the experiments, the three-dimensional mathematical model is established. The expansion processes of the twin gas jets in the liquid medium are simulated by means of fluent to get the pressure, density, temperature, velocity contours and evolutionary process of vortices. Results show that the jet external out-line and tops are all irregular. The Kelvin-Helmholtz instability is shown in the whole expansion process. The numerical simulation results of the axial displacement of the twin gas jets in liquid agree well with the experiment.
