Cytoplasmic effects are important agronomical phenomena that have generated widespread interest in both theory and application. In the present study, five high yield rice cultivars(Oryza sativa L. ssp. japonica) in ...Cytoplasmic effects are important agronomical phenomena that have generated widespread interest in both theory and application. In the present study, five high yield rice cultivars(Oryza sativa L. ssp. japonica) in large-scale cultivation in northeast China were determined to possess Oryza sativa L. ssp. indica-type cytoplasm using cytoplasmic subspecies-specific molecular markers. This was confirmed by cytoplasmic genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs) and functional gene sequencing. Two of these five japonica cultivars were core breeding parents with high yield and the other three were super-high-yield varieties registered by the Ministry of Agriculture of China. We constructed nuclear substitution lines to further demonstrate whether and how this indica-type cytoplasm contributed to yield improvement by comparing yield components. The results showed that under the same japonica nuclear background, the lines with indica-type cytoplasm had a significant decrease in tillers in exchange for increased grain number per panicle compared with their recurrent parents. Our results implied that botanical basis of this cytoplasmic effect was to reduce the plant's branching differentiation to produce more floral organs under the constant nutrition. Our findings open another door for the utilization of inter-subspecific hybridization for the improvement of rice cultivar.展开更多
The development of a facile and efficient polymerization to prepare cyclopentadiene-containing polymers is of vital importance and highly desired. In this work, a metal-free multicomponent polymerization of activated ...The development of a facile and efficient polymerization to prepare cyclopentadiene-containing polymers is of vital importance and highly desired. In this work, a metal-free multicomponent polymerization of activated diyne, electrophilic styrene and isocyanide for the preparation of highly substituted poly(cyclopentadiene) was established. Soluble and thermally stable polymers with high molecular weights are obtained in high yields under mild conditions. By introducing the tetraphenylethene or triphenylamine moiety into polymer backbones, the resultant polymers show unique aggregation-induced emission(AIE)characteristics. Interestingly, AIE polymers can also be generated in situ from non-AIE monomers. Moreover, the prepared polymers can generate photopatterns to function as photoresists and can also serve as visualizing agents to selectively stain the lipid droplets in live cells. This efficient polymerization will open up enormous opportunities for preparing functional cyclopentadiene-containing polymers applicable in diverse areas.展开更多
Nanosized MCM-41-SO3H based on ordered mesoporous silica material with a covalent sulfonic acid group was synthesized and used as acid catalyst for the new, simple, convenient and green synthesis of 2,4,5-trisubstitut...Nanosized MCM-41-SO3H based on ordered mesoporous silica material with a covalent sulfonic acid group was synthesized and used as acid catalyst for the new, simple, convenient and green synthesis of 2,4,5-trisubstituted and 1,2,4,5-tetra-substituted imidazoles. Also some of synthesis products are new. Echo-friendly protocol, short reaction times, easy and quick isolation of the products and excellent yields are the main advantages of this procedure.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31371587 and 31430062)the Cultivation Plan for Youth Agricultural Science and Technology Innovative Talents of Liaoning Province (2014046)+1 种基金the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation Grant (2014M560221)the Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University (PCSIRT), China
文摘Cytoplasmic effects are important agronomical phenomena that have generated widespread interest in both theory and application. In the present study, five high yield rice cultivars(Oryza sativa L. ssp. japonica) in large-scale cultivation in northeast China were determined to possess Oryza sativa L. ssp. indica-type cytoplasm using cytoplasmic subspecies-specific molecular markers. This was confirmed by cytoplasmic genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs) and functional gene sequencing. Two of these five japonica cultivars were core breeding parents with high yield and the other three were super-high-yield varieties registered by the Ministry of Agriculture of China. We constructed nuclear substitution lines to further demonstrate whether and how this indica-type cytoplasm contributed to yield improvement by comparing yield components. The results showed that under the same japonica nuclear background, the lines with indica-type cytoplasm had a significant decrease in tillers in exchange for increased grain number per panicle compared with their recurrent parents. Our results implied that botanical basis of this cytoplasmic effect was to reduce the plant's branching differentiation to produce more floral organs under the constant nutrition. Our findings open another door for the utilization of inter-subspecific hybridization for the improvement of rice cultivar.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21788102,22101028)the Research Grants Council of Hong Kong(16304819,16305320,C6014-20W)+3 种基金the Innovation and Technology Commission(ITC-CNERC14SC01)the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province(2019B121205002)Shenzhen Key laboratory of Functional Aggregate Materials(ZDSYS20212021222400001)the Nissan Chemical Industries,Ltd.
文摘The development of a facile and efficient polymerization to prepare cyclopentadiene-containing polymers is of vital importance and highly desired. In this work, a metal-free multicomponent polymerization of activated diyne, electrophilic styrene and isocyanide for the preparation of highly substituted poly(cyclopentadiene) was established. Soluble and thermally stable polymers with high molecular weights are obtained in high yields under mild conditions. By introducing the tetraphenylethene or triphenylamine moiety into polymer backbones, the resultant polymers show unique aggregation-induced emission(AIE)characteristics. Interestingly, AIE polymers can also be generated in situ from non-AIE monomers. Moreover, the prepared polymers can generate photopatterns to function as photoresists and can also serve as visualizing agents to selectively stain the lipid droplets in live cells. This efficient polymerization will open up enormous opportunities for preparing functional cyclopentadiene-containing polymers applicable in diverse areas.
文摘Nanosized MCM-41-SO3H based on ordered mesoporous silica material with a covalent sulfonic acid group was synthesized and used as acid catalyst for the new, simple, convenient and green synthesis of 2,4,5-trisubstituted and 1,2,4,5-tetra-substituted imidazoles. Also some of synthesis products are new. Echo-friendly protocol, short reaction times, easy and quick isolation of the products and excellent yields are the main advantages of this procedure.