为解决电子鼻难以检测到十亿分之一量级(parts per billion, ppb)低浓度气味的问题,给出了一种电子鼻富集方案以及3种温度补偿方法。首先,设计了电子鼻富集装置以提高电子鼻检测下限。然后,针对富集后气体温度过高导致电子鼻检测和识别...为解决电子鼻难以检测到十亿分之一量级(parts per billion, ppb)低浓度气味的问题,给出了一种电子鼻富集方案以及3种温度补偿方法。首先,设计了电子鼻富集装置以提高电子鼻检测下限。然后,针对富集后气体温度过高导致电子鼻检测和识别效果降低这一问题,给出了多元回归法、神经网络回归法以及基于这两种方法的温度补偿集成学习方法。最后,进行了电子鼻检测车内ppb级低浓度内饰材料气味的实验,用聚氨基甲酸酯(PU)皮和聚氯乙烯(PVC)皮两种材料制备实验待测气体,富集前、富集后未经温度补偿以及富集后经上述3种方法温度补偿后的平均识别正确率分别为61.14%、80.64%、91.67%、91.21%以及95.06%,验证了电子鼻富集装置以及温度补偿方法的有效性。展开更多
The in-vehicle volatile organic compounds （VOCs） concentrations gains the attention of both car producers and users. In the present study, an attempt was made to determine if analysis of air samples collected from a...The in-vehicle volatile organic compounds （VOCs） concentrations gains the attention of both car producers and users. In the present study, an attempt was made to determine if analysis of air samples collected from an unconditioned car cabin can be used as a quality control measure. The VOCs composition of in-vehicle air was analyzed by means of active sampling on Carbograph 1TD and Tenax TA sorbents, followed by thermal desorption and simultaneous analysis on flame ionization and mass detector （TD-GC/FID-MS）. Nine newly produced cars of the same brand and model were chosen for this study. Within these, four of the vehicles were equipped with identical interior materials and five others differed in terms of upholstery and the presence of a sunroof; one car was convertible. The sampling event took place outside of the car assembly plant and the cars tested left the assembly line no later than 24 hr before the sampling took place. More than 250 compounds were present in the samples collected; the identification of more than 160 was confirmed by comparative mass spectra analysis and 80 were confirmed by both comparison with single/multiple compounds standards and mass spectra analysis. In general, aliphatic hydrocarbons represented more than 60% of the total VOCs （TVOC） determined. Depending on the vehicle, the concentration of aromatic hydrocarbons varied from 12% to 27% of total VOCs. The very short period between car production and sampling of the in-vehicle air permits the assumption that the entire TVOC originates from off-gassing of interior materials. The results of this study expand the knowledge of in-vehicle pollution by presenting information about car cabin air quality immediately after car production.展开更多
文摘为解决电子鼻难以检测到十亿分之一量级(parts per billion, ppb)低浓度气味的问题,给出了一种电子鼻富集方案以及3种温度补偿方法。首先,设计了电子鼻富集装置以提高电子鼻检测下限。然后,针对富集后气体温度过高导致电子鼻检测和识别效果降低这一问题,给出了多元回归法、神经网络回归法以及基于这两种方法的温度补偿集成学习方法。最后,进行了电子鼻检测车内ppb级低浓度内饰材料气味的实验,用聚氨基甲酸酯(PU)皮和聚氯乙烯(PVC)皮两种材料制备实验待测气体,富集前、富集后未经温度补偿以及富集后经上述3种方法温度补偿后的平均识别正确率分别为61.14%、80.64%、91.67%、91.21%以及95.06%,验证了电子鼻富集装置以及温度补偿方法的有效性。
基金supported by the Polish Ministry of Scienceand Higher Education(No.N N509 480438)
文摘The in-vehicle volatile organic compounds （VOCs） concentrations gains the attention of both car producers and users. In the present study, an attempt was made to determine if analysis of air samples collected from an unconditioned car cabin can be used as a quality control measure. The VOCs composition of in-vehicle air was analyzed by means of active sampling on Carbograph 1TD and Tenax TA sorbents, followed by thermal desorption and simultaneous analysis on flame ionization and mass detector （TD-GC/FID-MS）. Nine newly produced cars of the same brand and model were chosen for this study. Within these, four of the vehicles were equipped with identical interior materials and five others differed in terms of upholstery and the presence of a sunroof; one car was convertible. The sampling event took place outside of the car assembly plant and the cars tested left the assembly line no later than 24 hr before the sampling took place. More than 250 compounds were present in the samples collected; the identification of more than 160 was confirmed by comparative mass spectra analysis and 80 were confirmed by both comparison with single/multiple compounds standards and mass spectra analysis. In general, aliphatic hydrocarbons represented more than 60% of the total VOCs （TVOC） determined. Depending on the vehicle, the concentration of aromatic hydrocarbons varied from 12% to 27% of total VOCs. The very short period between car production and sampling of the in-vehicle air permits the assumption that the entire TVOC originates from off-gassing of interior materials. The results of this study expand the knowledge of in-vehicle pollution by presenting information about car cabin air quality immediately after car production.
