In order to obtain more accurate precipitation data and better simulate the precipitation on the Tibetan Plateau,the simulation capability of 14 Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6(CMIP6)models of historical...In order to obtain more accurate precipitation data and better simulate the precipitation on the Tibetan Plateau,the simulation capability of 14 Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6(CMIP6)models of historical precipitation(1982-2014)on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau was evaluated in this study.Results indicate that all models exhibit an overestimation of precipitation through the analysis of the Taylor index,temporal and spatial statistical parameters.To correct the overestimation,a fusion correction method combining the Backpropagation Neural Network Correction(BP)and Quantum Mapping(QM)correction,named BQ method,was proposed.With this method,the historical precipitation of each model was corrected in space and time,respectively.The correction results were then analyzed in time,space,and analysis of variance(ANOVA)with those corrected by the BP and QM methods,respectively.Finally,the fusion correction method results for each model were compared with the Climatic Research Unit(CRU)data for significance analysis to obtain the trends of precipitation increase and decrease for each model.The results show that the IPSL-CM6A-LR model is relatively good in simulating historical precipitation on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau(R=0.7,RSME=0.15)among the uncorrected data.In terms of time,the total precipitation corrected by the fusion method has the same interannual trend and the closest precipitation values to the CRU data;In terms of space,the annual average precipitation corrected by the fusion method has the smallest difference with the CRU data,and the total historical annual average precipitation is not significantly different from the CRU data,which is better than BP and QM.Therefore,the correction effect of the fusion method on the historical precipitation of each model is better than that of the QM and BP methods.The precipitation in the central and northeastern parts of the plateau shows a significant increasing trend.The correlation coefficients between monthly precipitation and site-detected precipitation for all models after BQ correction exceed 0.8.展开更多
Correction to:Nano-Micro Letters(2024)16:112 https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-024-01327-2 In the supplementary information the following corrections have been carried out:1.Institute of Energy and Climate Research,Mater...Correction to:Nano-Micro Letters(2024)16:112 https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-024-01327-2 In the supplementary information the following corrections have been carried out:1.Institute of Energy and Climate Research,Materials Synthesis and Processing,Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH,52425 Jülich,Germany.Corrected:Institute of Energy and Climate Research:Materials Synthesis and Processing(IEK-1),Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH,52425 Jülich,Germany.展开更多
In the version of this Article originally published online,there was an error in the schematics of Figures 2b and 2c.These errors have now been corrected in the original article.
In the original publication the third author name is published incorrectly as“Hayatdavoodi Masoud”.The correct author name should be read as“Masoud Hayatdavoodi”.The correct author name is available in this correc...In the original publication the third author name is published incorrectly as“Hayatdavoodi Masoud”.The correct author name should be read as“Masoud Hayatdavoodi”.The correct author name is available in this correction.展开更多
Raman spectroscopy has found extensive use in monitoring and controlling cell culture processes.In this context,the prediction accuracy of Raman-based models is of paramount importance.However,models established with ...Raman spectroscopy has found extensive use in monitoring and controlling cell culture processes.In this context,the prediction accuracy of Raman-based models is of paramount importance.However,models established with data from manually fed-batch cultures often exhibit poor performance in Raman-controlled cultures.Thus,there is a need for effective methods to rectify these models.The objective of this paper is to investigate the efficacy of Kalman filter(KF)algorithm in correcting Raman-based models during cell culture.Initially,partial least squares(PLS)models for different components were constructed using data from manually fed-batch cultures,and the predictive performance of these models was compared.Subsequently,various correction methods including the PLS-KF-KF method proposed in this study were employed to refine the PLS models.Finally,a case study involving the auto-control of glucose concentration demonstrated the application of optimal model correction method.The results indicated that the original PLS models exhibited differential performance between manually fed-batch cultures and Raman-controlled cultures.For glucose,the root mean square error of prediction(RMSEP)of manually fed-batch culture and Raman-controlled culture was 0.23 and 0.40 g·L^(-1).With the implementation of model correction methods,there was a significant improvement in model performance within Raman-controlled cultures.The RMSEP for glucose from updating-PLS,KF-PLS,and PLS-KF-KF was 0.38,0.36 and 0.17 g·L^(-1),respectively.Notably,the proposed PLS-KF-KF model correction method was found to be more effective and stable,playing a vital role in the automated nutrient feeding of cell cultures.展开更多
Objective: This study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of using a strip-shaped cymba conchae orthosis for the nonsurgical correction of complex auricular deformities. Methods: Clinical data were collected from...Objective: This study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of using a strip-shaped cymba conchae orthosis for the nonsurgical correction of complex auricular deformities. Methods: Clinical data were collected from 2020 to 2021 for 6 patients who underwent correction using a stripshaped cymba conchae orthosis. The indications, corrective effects, and complications associated with use of the orthosis were analyzed. Results: There were four indications for treatment: cryptotia with helix adhesion;cryptotia with grade I microtia;cryptotia with excessive helix thickness;and auricular deformity beyond the treatment time window(≥6 months). Excellent corrective effects were observed in all 6 patients. Complications occurred in one patient, who recovered after symptomatic treatment. Conclusion: The use of a strip-shaped cymba conchae orthosis alone or combined with a U-shaped helix orthosis presents a feasible approach for correcting complex auricular deformities or deformities beyond the treatment time window in pediatric patients.展开更多
We calculate the thermodynamic quantities in the quantum corrected Reissner-Nordstr?m-AdS(RN-AdS)black hole,and examine their quantum corrections.By analyzing the mass and heat capacity,we give the critical state and ...We calculate the thermodynamic quantities in the quantum corrected Reissner-Nordstr?m-AdS(RN-AdS)black hole,and examine their quantum corrections.By analyzing the mass and heat capacity,we give the critical state and the remnant state,respectively,and discuss their consistency.Then,we investigate the quantum tunneling from the event horizon of massless scalar particle by using the null geodesic method,and charged massive boson W^(±)and fermions by using the Hamilton-Jacob method.It is shown that the same Hawking temperature can be obtained from these tunneling processes of different particles and methods.Next,by using the generalized uncertainty principle(GUP),we study the quantum corrections to the tunneling and the temperature.Then the logarithmic correction to the black hole entropy is obtained.展开更多
At present,one of the methods used to determine the height of points on the Earth’s surface is Global Navigation Satellite System(GNSS)leveling.It is possible to determine the orthometric or normal height by this met...At present,one of the methods used to determine the height of points on the Earth’s surface is Global Navigation Satellite System(GNSS)leveling.It is possible to determine the orthometric or normal height by this method only if there is a geoid or quasi-geoid height model available.This paper proposes the methodology for local correction of the heights of high-order global geoid models such as EGM08,EIGEN-6C4,GECO,and XGM2019e_2159.This methodology was tested in different areas of the research field,covering various relief forms.The dependence of the change in corrected height accuracy on the input data was analyzed,and the correction was also conducted for model heights in three tidal systems:"tide free","mean tide",and"zero tide".The results show that the heights of EIGEN-6C4 model can be corrected with an accuracy of up to 1 cm for flat and foothill terrains with the dimensionality of 1°×1°,2°×2°,and 3°×3°.The EGM08 model presents an almost identical result.The EIGEN-6C4 model is best suited for mountainous relief and provides an accuracy of 1.5 cm on the 1°×1°area.The height correction accuracy of GECO and XGM2019e_2159 models is slightly poor,which has fuzziness in terms of numerical fluctuation.展开更多
The global diabetes surge poses a critical public health challenge,emphasizing the need for effective glycemic control.However,rapid correction of chronic hyperglycemia can unexpectedly trigger microvascular complicat...The global diabetes surge poses a critical public health challenge,emphasizing the need for effective glycemic control.However,rapid correction of chronic hyperglycemia can unexpectedly trigger microvascular complications,necessitating a reevaluation of the speed and intensity of glycemic correction.Theories suggest swift blood sugar reductions may cause inflammation,oxidative stress,and neurovascular changes,resulting in complications.Healthcare providers should cautiously approach aggressive glycemic control,especially in long-standing,poorly controlled diabetes.Preventing and managing these complications requires a personalized,comprehensive approach with education,monitoring,and interdisciplinary care.Diabetes management must balance short and longterm goals,prioritizing overall well-being.This editorial underscores the need for a personalized,nuanced approach,focusing on equilibrium between glycemic control and avoiding overcorrection.展开更多
Dispersion fuels,knowned for their excellent safety performance,are widely used in advanced reactors,such as hightemperature gas-cooled reactors.Compared with deterministic methods,the Monte Carlo method has more adva...Dispersion fuels,knowned for their excellent safety performance,are widely used in advanced reactors,such as hightemperature gas-cooled reactors.Compared with deterministic methods,the Monte Carlo method has more advantages in the geometric modeling of stochastic media.The explicit modeling method has high computational accuracy and high computational cost.The chord length sampling(CLS)method can improve computational efficiency by sampling the chord length during neutron transport using the matrix chord length?s probability density function.This study shows that the excluded-volume effect in realistic stochastic media can introduce certain deviations into the CLS.A chord length correction approach is proposed to obtain the chord length correction factor by developing the Particle code based on equivalent transmission probability.Through numerical analysis against reference solutions from explicit modeling in the RMC code,it was demonstrated that CLS with the proposed correction method provides good accuracy for addressing the excludedvolume effect in realistic infinite stochastic media.展开更多
This study explores the application of single photon detection(SPD)technology in underwater wireless optical communication(UWOC)and analyzes the influence of different modulation modes and error correction coding type...This study explores the application of single photon detection(SPD)technology in underwater wireless optical communication(UWOC)and analyzes the influence of different modulation modes and error correction coding types on communication performance.The study investigates the impact of on-off keying(OOK)and 2-pulse-position modulation(2-PPM)on the bit error rate(BER)in single-channel intensity and polarization multiplexing.Furthermore,it compares the error correction performance of low-density parity check(LDPC)and Reed-Solomon(RS)codes across different error correction coding types.The effects of unscattered photon ratio and depolarization ratio on BER are also verified.Finally,a UWOC system based on SPD is constructed,achieving 14.58 Mbps with polarization OOK multiplexing modulation and 4.37 Mbps with polarization 2-PPM multiplexing modulation using LDPC code error correction.展开更多
In high-altitude nuclear detonations,the proportion of pulsed X-ray energy can exceed 70%,making it a specific monitoring signal for such events.These pulsed X-rays can be captured using a satellite-borne X-ray detect...In high-altitude nuclear detonations,the proportion of pulsed X-ray energy can exceed 70%,making it a specific monitoring signal for such events.These pulsed X-rays can be captured using a satellite-borne X-ray detector following atmospheric transmission.To quantitatively analyze the effects of different satellite detection altitudes,burst heights,and transmission angles on the physical processes of X-ray transport and energy fluence,we developed an atmospheric transmission algorithm for pulsed X-rays from high-altitude nuclear detonations based on scattering correction.The proposed method is an improvement over the traditional analytical method that only computes direct-transmission X-rays.The traditional analytical method exhibits a maximum relative error of 67.79% compared with the Monte Carlo method.Our improved method reduces this error to within 10% under the same conditions,even reaching 1% in certain scenarios.Moreover,its computation time is 48,000 times faster than that of the Monte Carlo method.These results have important theoretical significance and engineering application value for designing satellite-borne nuclear detonation pulsed X-ray detectors,inverting nuclear detonation source terms,and assessing ionospheric effects.展开更多
The longitudinal dispersion of the projectile in shooting tests of two-dimensional trajectory corrections fused with fixed canards is extremely large that it sometimes exceeds the correction ability of the correction ...The longitudinal dispersion of the projectile in shooting tests of two-dimensional trajectory corrections fused with fixed canards is extremely large that it sometimes exceeds the correction ability of the correction fuse actuator.The impact point easily deviates from the target,and thus the correction result cannot be readily evaluated.However,the cost of shooting tests is considerably high to conduct many tests for data collection.To address this issue,this study proposes an aiming method for shooting tests based on small sample size.The proposed method uses the Bootstrap method to expand the test data;repeatedly iterates and corrects the position of the simulated theoretical impact points through an improved compatibility test method;and dynamically adjusts the weight of the prior distribution of simulation results based on Kullback-Leibler divergence,which to some extent avoids the real data being"submerged"by the simulation data and achieves the fusion Bayesian estimation of the dispersion center.The experimental results show that when the simulation accuracy is sufficiently high,the proposed method yields a smaller mean-square deviation in estimating the dispersion center and higher shooting accuracy than those of the three comparison methods,which is more conducive to reflecting the effect of the control algorithm and facilitating test personnel to iterate their proposed structures and algorithms.;in addition,this study provides a knowledge base for further comprehensive studies in the future.展开更多
Objective:Accurate measurement of QT interval,the ventricular action potential from depolarization to repolarization,is important for the early detection of Long QT syndrome.The most effective QT correction(QTc)formul...Objective:Accurate measurement of QT interval,the ventricular action potential from depolarization to repolarization,is important for the early detection of Long QT syndrome.The most effective QT correction(QTc)formula has yet to be determined in the pediatric population,although it has intrinsically greater extremes in heart rate(HR)and is more susceptible to errors in measurement.The authors of this study compare six dif-ferent QTc methods(Bazett,Fridericia,Framingham,Hodges,Rautaharju,and a computer algorithm utilizing the Bazett formula)for consistency against variations in HR and RR interval.Methods:Descriptive Retrospective Study.We included participants from a pediatric cardiology practice of a community hospital who had an ECG performed in 2017.All participants were healthy patients with no past medical history and no regular med-ications.Results:ECGs from 95 participants from one month to 21 years of age(mean 9.7 years)were included with a mean HR of 91 beats per minute(bpm).The two-sample paired t-test or Wilcoxon signed-rank test assessed for any difference between QTc methods.A statistically significant difference was observed between every combination of two QTc formulae.The Spearman’s rank correlation analysis explored the QTc/HR and QTc/RR relationships for each formula.Fridericia method was most independent of HR and RR with the lowest absolute value of correlation coefficients.Bazett and Computer had moderate correlations,while Framingham and Rautaharju exhibited strong correlations.Correlations were positive for Bazett and Computer,reflecting results from prior studies demonstrating an over-correction of Bazett at higher HRs.In the linear QTc/HR regression analysis,Bazett had the slope closest to zero,although Computer,Hodges,and Fridericia had comparable values.Alternatively,Fridericia had the linear QTc/RR regression coefficient closest to zero.The Bland-Altman method assessed for bias and the limits of agreement between correction formulae.Bazett and Computer exhibited good agreement with minimal bias along with Framingham and Rautaharju.To account for a possible skewed distri-bution of QT,all the above analyses were also performed excluding the top and bottom 2%of data as sorted by heart rate ranges(N=90).Results from this data set were consistent with those derived from all participants(N=95).Conclusions:Overall,the Fridericia correction method provided the best rate correction in our pedia-tric study cohort.展开更多
In order to play a positive role of decentralised wind power on-grid for voltage stability improvement and loss reduction of distribution network,a multi-objective two-stage decentralised wind power planning method is...In order to play a positive role of decentralised wind power on-grid for voltage stability improvement and loss reduction of distribution network,a multi-objective two-stage decentralised wind power planning method is proposed in the paper,which takes into account the network loss correction for the extreme cold region.Firstly,an electro-thermal model is introduced to reflect the effect of temperature on conductor resistance and to correct the results of active network loss calculation;secondly,a two-stage multi-objective two-stage decentralised wind power siting and capacity allocation and reactive voltage optimisation control model is constructed to take account of the network loss correction,and the multi-objective multi-planning model is established in the first stage to consider the whole-life cycle investment cost of WTGs,the system operating cost and the voltage quality of power supply,and the multi-objective planning model is established in the second stage.planning model,and the second stage further develops the reactive voltage control strategy of WTGs on this basis,and obtains the distribution network loss reduction method based on WTG siting and capacity allocation and reactive power control strategy.Finally,the optimal configuration scheme is solved by the manta ray foraging optimisation(MRFO)algorithm,and the loss of each branch line and bus loss of the distribution network before and after the adoption of this loss reduction method is calculated by taking the IEEE33 distribution system as an example,which verifies the practicability and validity of the proposed method,and provides a reference introduction for decision-making for the distributed energy planning of the distribution network.展开更多
In order to improve the reliability of the spacecraft micro cold gas propulsion system and realize the precise control of the spacecraft attitude and orbit, a micro-thrust, high-precision cold gas thruster is carried ...In order to improve the reliability of the spacecraft micro cold gas propulsion system and realize the precise control of the spacecraft attitude and orbit, a micro-thrust, high-precision cold gas thruster is carried out, at the same time due to the design requirements of the spacecraft, this micro-thrust should be continuous working more than 60 minutes, the traditional solenoid valve used for the thrusts can’t complete the mission, so a long-life micro latching valve is developed as the control valve for this micro thruster, because the micro latching valve can keep its position when it cuts off the outage. Firstly, the authors introduced the design scheme and idea of the thruster. Secondly, the performance of the latching valve and the flow characteristics of the nozzle were simulated. Finally, from the experimental results and compared with the numerical study, it shows that the long-life micro cold gas thruster developed in this paper meets the mission requirements.展开更多
The detection of hypersonic targets usually confronts range migration(RM)issue before coherent integration(CI).The traditional methods aiming at correcting RM to obtain CI mainly considers the narrow-band radar condit...The detection of hypersonic targets usually confronts range migration(RM)issue before coherent integration(CI).The traditional methods aiming at correcting RM to obtain CI mainly considers the narrow-band radar condition.However,with the increasing requirement of far-range detection,the time bandwidth product,which is corresponding to radar’s mean power,should be promoted in actual application.Thus,the echo signal generates the scale effect(SE)at large time bandwidth product situation,influencing the intra and inter pulse integration performance.To eliminate SE and correct RM,this paper proposes an effective algorithm,i.e.,scaled location rotation transform(ScLRT).The ScLRT can remove SE to obtain the matching pulse compression(PC)as well as correct RM to complete CI via the location rotation transform,being implemented by seeking the actual rotation angle.Compared to the traditional coherent detection algorithms,Sc LRT can address the SE problem to achieve better detection/estimation capabilities.At last,this paper gives several simulations to assess the viability of ScLRT.展开更多
The Tibetan Plateau(TP)is the youngest orogenic belt resulting from a continental collision on the Earth.It is a natural laboratory for studying continental dynamics,such as continental convergence,plate subduction,an...The Tibetan Plateau(TP)is the youngest orogenic belt resulting from a continental collision on the Earth.It is a natural laboratory for studying continental dynamics,such as continental convergence,plate subduction,and plateau uplift.Investigating the deep structure of the TP has always been a popular issue in geological research.The Moho is the boundary between the crust and the mantle and therefore plays a crucial role in the Earth’s structure.Parameters such as depth and lateral variation,as well as the fine structure of the crust-mantle interface,reveal the lithospheric dynamics in the TP.Two methods are generally employed to study the Moho surface:seismic detection and gravity inversion.Seismic detection has the characteristic of high precision,but it is limited to a few cross-sectional lines and is quite costly.It is not suitable for and cannot be carried out over a large area of the TP.The Moho depth over a large area can be obtained through gravity inversion,but this method is affected by the nature of gravity data,and the accuracy of the inversion method is lower than that of seismic detection.In this work,a high-precision gravity field model was selected.The Parker-Oldenburg interface inversion method was used,within the constraints of seismic observations,and the Bott iteration method was introduced to enhance the inversion efficiency.The Moho depth in the TP was obtained with high precision,consistent with the seismic detection results.The research results showed that the shape of the Moho in the TP is complex and the variation range is large,reaching 60−80 km.In contrast with the adjacent area,a clear zone of sharp variation appears at the edge of the plateau.In the interior of the TP,the buried depth of the Moho is characterized by two depressions and two uplifts.To the south of the Yarlung Zangbo River,the Moho inclines to the north,and to the north,the Moho depresses downward,which was interpreted as the Indian plate subducting to the north below Tibet.The Moho depression on the north side of the Qiangtang block,reaching 72 km deep,may be a result of the southward subduction of the lithosphere.The Moho uplift of the Qiangtang block has the same strike as the Bangong−Nujiang suture zone,which may indicate that the area is compensated by a low-density and low-velocity mantle.展开更多
文摘In order to obtain more accurate precipitation data and better simulate the precipitation on the Tibetan Plateau,the simulation capability of 14 Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6(CMIP6)models of historical precipitation(1982-2014)on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau was evaluated in this study.Results indicate that all models exhibit an overestimation of precipitation through the analysis of the Taylor index,temporal and spatial statistical parameters.To correct the overestimation,a fusion correction method combining the Backpropagation Neural Network Correction(BP)and Quantum Mapping(QM)correction,named BQ method,was proposed.With this method,the historical precipitation of each model was corrected in space and time,respectively.The correction results were then analyzed in time,space,and analysis of variance(ANOVA)with those corrected by the BP and QM methods,respectively.Finally,the fusion correction method results for each model were compared with the Climatic Research Unit(CRU)data for significance analysis to obtain the trends of precipitation increase and decrease for each model.The results show that the IPSL-CM6A-LR model is relatively good in simulating historical precipitation on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau(R=0.7,RSME=0.15)among the uncorrected data.In terms of time,the total precipitation corrected by the fusion method has the same interannual trend and the closest precipitation values to the CRU data;In terms of space,the annual average precipitation corrected by the fusion method has the smallest difference with the CRU data,and the total historical annual average precipitation is not significantly different from the CRU data,which is better than BP and QM.Therefore,the correction effect of the fusion method on the historical precipitation of each model is better than that of the QM and BP methods.The precipitation in the central and northeastern parts of the plateau shows a significant increasing trend.The correlation coefficients between monthly precipitation and site-detected precipitation for all models after BQ correction exceed 0.8.
文摘Correction to:Nano-Micro Letters(2024)16:112 https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-024-01327-2 In the supplementary information the following corrections have been carried out:1.Institute of Energy and Climate Research,Materials Synthesis and Processing,Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH,52425 Jülich,Germany.Corrected:Institute of Energy and Climate Research:Materials Synthesis and Processing(IEK-1),Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH,52425 Jülich,Germany.
文摘In the version of this Article originally published online,there was an error in the schematics of Figures 2b and 2c.These errors have now been corrected in the original article.
文摘In the original publication the third author name is published incorrectly as“Hayatdavoodi Masoud”.The correct author name should be read as“Masoud Hayatdavoodi”.The correct author name is available in this correction.
基金supported by the Key Research and Development Program of Zhejiang Province,China(2023C03116).
文摘Raman spectroscopy has found extensive use in monitoring and controlling cell culture processes.In this context,the prediction accuracy of Raman-based models is of paramount importance.However,models established with data from manually fed-batch cultures often exhibit poor performance in Raman-controlled cultures.Thus,there is a need for effective methods to rectify these models.The objective of this paper is to investigate the efficacy of Kalman filter(KF)algorithm in correcting Raman-based models during cell culture.Initially,partial least squares(PLS)models for different components were constructed using data from manually fed-batch cultures,and the predictive performance of these models was compared.Subsequently,various correction methods including the PLS-KF-KF method proposed in this study were employed to refine the PLS models.Finally,a case study involving the auto-control of glucose concentration demonstrated the application of optimal model correction method.The results indicated that the original PLS models exhibited differential performance between manually fed-batch cultures and Raman-controlled cultures.For glucose,the root mean square error of prediction(RMSEP)of manually fed-batch culture and Raman-controlled culture was 0.23 and 0.40 g·L^(-1).With the implementation of model correction methods,there was a significant improvement in model performance within Raman-controlled cultures.The RMSEP for glucose from updating-PLS,KF-PLS,and PLS-KF-KF was 0.38,0.36 and 0.17 g·L^(-1),respectively.Notably,the proposed PLS-KF-KF model correction method was found to be more effective and stable,playing a vital role in the automated nutrient feeding of cell cultures.
文摘Objective: This study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of using a strip-shaped cymba conchae orthosis for the nonsurgical correction of complex auricular deformities. Methods: Clinical data were collected from 2020 to 2021 for 6 patients who underwent correction using a stripshaped cymba conchae orthosis. The indications, corrective effects, and complications associated with use of the orthosis were analyzed. Results: There were four indications for treatment: cryptotia with helix adhesion;cryptotia with grade I microtia;cryptotia with excessive helix thickness;and auricular deformity beyond the treatment time window(≥6 months). Excellent corrective effects were observed in all 6 patients. Complications occurred in one patient, who recovered after symptomatic treatment. Conclusion: The use of a strip-shaped cymba conchae orthosis alone or combined with a U-shaped helix orthosis presents a feasible approach for correcting complex auricular deformities or deformities beyond the treatment time window in pediatric patients.
基金Project supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province,China (Grant No.LY14A030001)。
文摘We calculate the thermodynamic quantities in the quantum corrected Reissner-Nordstr?m-AdS(RN-AdS)black hole,and examine their quantum corrections.By analyzing the mass and heat capacity,we give the critical state and the remnant state,respectively,and discuss their consistency.Then,we investigate the quantum tunneling from the event horizon of massless scalar particle by using the null geodesic method,and charged massive boson W^(±)and fermions by using the Hamilton-Jacob method.It is shown that the same Hawking temperature can be obtained from these tunneling processes of different particles and methods.Next,by using the generalized uncertainty principle(GUP),we study the quantum corrections to the tunneling and the temperature.Then the logarithmic correction to the black hole entropy is obtained.
基金the International Center for Global Earth Models(ICGEM)for the height anomaly and gravity anomaly data and Bureau Gravimetrique International(BGI)for free-air gravity anomaly data from the World Gravity Map project(WGM2012)The authors are grateful to Głowny Urza˛d Geodezji i Kartografii of Poland for the height anomaly data of the quasi-geoid PL-geoid2021.
文摘At present,one of the methods used to determine the height of points on the Earth’s surface is Global Navigation Satellite System(GNSS)leveling.It is possible to determine the orthometric or normal height by this method only if there is a geoid or quasi-geoid height model available.This paper proposes the methodology for local correction of the heights of high-order global geoid models such as EGM08,EIGEN-6C4,GECO,and XGM2019e_2159.This methodology was tested in different areas of the research field,covering various relief forms.The dependence of the change in corrected height accuracy on the input data was analyzed,and the correction was also conducted for model heights in three tidal systems:"tide free","mean tide",and"zero tide".The results show that the heights of EIGEN-6C4 model can be corrected with an accuracy of up to 1 cm for flat and foothill terrains with the dimensionality of 1°×1°,2°×2°,and 3°×3°.The EGM08 model presents an almost identical result.The EIGEN-6C4 model is best suited for mountainous relief and provides an accuracy of 1.5 cm on the 1°×1°area.The height correction accuracy of GECO and XGM2019e_2159 models is slightly poor,which has fuzziness in terms of numerical fluctuation.
文摘The global diabetes surge poses a critical public health challenge,emphasizing the need for effective glycemic control.However,rapid correction of chronic hyperglycemia can unexpectedly trigger microvascular complications,necessitating a reevaluation of the speed and intensity of glycemic correction.Theories suggest swift blood sugar reductions may cause inflammation,oxidative stress,and neurovascular changes,resulting in complications.Healthcare providers should cautiously approach aggressive glycemic control,especially in long-standing,poorly controlled diabetes.Preventing and managing these complications requires a personalized,comprehensive approach with education,monitoring,and interdisciplinary care.Diabetes management must balance short and longterm goals,prioritizing overall well-being.This editorial underscores the need for a personalized,nuanced approach,focusing on equilibrium between glycemic control and avoiding overcorrection.
文摘Dispersion fuels,knowned for their excellent safety performance,are widely used in advanced reactors,such as hightemperature gas-cooled reactors.Compared with deterministic methods,the Monte Carlo method has more advantages in the geometric modeling of stochastic media.The explicit modeling method has high computational accuracy and high computational cost.The chord length sampling(CLS)method can improve computational efficiency by sampling the chord length during neutron transport using the matrix chord length?s probability density function.This study shows that the excluded-volume effect in realistic stochastic media can introduce certain deviations into the CLS.A chord length correction approach is proposed to obtain the chord length correction factor by developing the Particle code based on equivalent transmission probability.Through numerical analysis against reference solutions from explicit modeling in the RMC code,it was demonstrated that CLS with the proposed correction method provides good accuracy for addressing the excludedvolume effect in realistic infinite stochastic media.
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.62071441 and 61701464)in part by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.202151006).
文摘This study explores the application of single photon detection(SPD)technology in underwater wireless optical communication(UWOC)and analyzes the influence of different modulation modes and error correction coding types on communication performance.The study investigates the impact of on-off keying(OOK)and 2-pulse-position modulation(2-PPM)on the bit error rate(BER)in single-channel intensity and polarization multiplexing.Furthermore,it compares the error correction performance of low-density parity check(LDPC)and Reed-Solomon(RS)codes across different error correction coding types.The effects of unscattered photon ratio and depolarization ratio on BER are also verified.Finally,a UWOC system based on SPD is constructed,achieving 14.58 Mbps with polarization OOK multiplexing modulation and 4.37 Mbps with polarization 2-PPM multiplexing modulation using LDPC code error correction.
文摘In high-altitude nuclear detonations,the proportion of pulsed X-ray energy can exceed 70%,making it a specific monitoring signal for such events.These pulsed X-rays can be captured using a satellite-borne X-ray detector following atmospheric transmission.To quantitatively analyze the effects of different satellite detection altitudes,burst heights,and transmission angles on the physical processes of X-ray transport and energy fluence,we developed an atmospheric transmission algorithm for pulsed X-rays from high-altitude nuclear detonations based on scattering correction.The proposed method is an improvement over the traditional analytical method that only computes direct-transmission X-rays.The traditional analytical method exhibits a maximum relative error of 67.79% compared with the Monte Carlo method.Our improved method reduces this error to within 10% under the same conditions,even reaching 1% in certain scenarios.Moreover,its computation time is 48,000 times faster than that of the Monte Carlo method.These results have important theoretical significance and engineering application value for designing satellite-borne nuclear detonation pulsed X-ray detectors,inverting nuclear detonation source terms,and assessing ionospheric effects.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.61973033)Preliminary Research of Equipment(Grant No.9090102010305)for funding the experiments。
文摘The longitudinal dispersion of the projectile in shooting tests of two-dimensional trajectory corrections fused with fixed canards is extremely large that it sometimes exceeds the correction ability of the correction fuse actuator.The impact point easily deviates from the target,and thus the correction result cannot be readily evaluated.However,the cost of shooting tests is considerably high to conduct many tests for data collection.To address this issue,this study proposes an aiming method for shooting tests based on small sample size.The proposed method uses the Bootstrap method to expand the test data;repeatedly iterates and corrects the position of the simulated theoretical impact points through an improved compatibility test method;and dynamically adjusts the weight of the prior distribution of simulation results based on Kullback-Leibler divergence,which to some extent avoids the real data being"submerged"by the simulation data and achieves the fusion Bayesian estimation of the dispersion center.The experimental results show that when the simulation accuracy is sufficiently high,the proposed method yields a smaller mean-square deviation in estimating the dispersion center and higher shooting accuracy than those of the three comparison methods,which is more conducive to reflecting the effect of the control algorithm and facilitating test personnel to iterate their proposed structures and algorithms.;in addition,this study provides a knowledge base for further comprehensive studies in the future.
基金This study was reviewed and approved by the New York-Presbyterian Brooklyn Methodist Hospital Institutional Review Committee.The study follows the guidelines outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki.
文摘Objective:Accurate measurement of QT interval,the ventricular action potential from depolarization to repolarization,is important for the early detection of Long QT syndrome.The most effective QT correction(QTc)formula has yet to be determined in the pediatric population,although it has intrinsically greater extremes in heart rate(HR)and is more susceptible to errors in measurement.The authors of this study compare six dif-ferent QTc methods(Bazett,Fridericia,Framingham,Hodges,Rautaharju,and a computer algorithm utilizing the Bazett formula)for consistency against variations in HR and RR interval.Methods:Descriptive Retrospective Study.We included participants from a pediatric cardiology practice of a community hospital who had an ECG performed in 2017.All participants were healthy patients with no past medical history and no regular med-ications.Results:ECGs from 95 participants from one month to 21 years of age(mean 9.7 years)were included with a mean HR of 91 beats per minute(bpm).The two-sample paired t-test or Wilcoxon signed-rank test assessed for any difference between QTc methods.A statistically significant difference was observed between every combination of two QTc formulae.The Spearman’s rank correlation analysis explored the QTc/HR and QTc/RR relationships for each formula.Fridericia method was most independent of HR and RR with the lowest absolute value of correlation coefficients.Bazett and Computer had moderate correlations,while Framingham and Rautaharju exhibited strong correlations.Correlations were positive for Bazett and Computer,reflecting results from prior studies demonstrating an over-correction of Bazett at higher HRs.In the linear QTc/HR regression analysis,Bazett had the slope closest to zero,although Computer,Hodges,and Fridericia had comparable values.Alternatively,Fridericia had the linear QTc/RR regression coefficient closest to zero.The Bland-Altman method assessed for bias and the limits of agreement between correction formulae.Bazett and Computer exhibited good agreement with minimal bias along with Framingham and Rautaharju.To account for a possible skewed distri-bution of QT,all the above analyses were also performed excluding the top and bottom 2%of data as sorted by heart rate ranges(N=90).Results from this data set were consistent with those derived from all participants(N=95).Conclusions:Overall,the Fridericia correction method provided the best rate correction in our pedia-tric study cohort.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52177081).
文摘In order to play a positive role of decentralised wind power on-grid for voltage stability improvement and loss reduction of distribution network,a multi-objective two-stage decentralised wind power planning method is proposed in the paper,which takes into account the network loss correction for the extreme cold region.Firstly,an electro-thermal model is introduced to reflect the effect of temperature on conductor resistance and to correct the results of active network loss calculation;secondly,a two-stage multi-objective two-stage decentralised wind power siting and capacity allocation and reactive voltage optimisation control model is constructed to take account of the network loss correction,and the multi-objective multi-planning model is established in the first stage to consider the whole-life cycle investment cost of WTGs,the system operating cost and the voltage quality of power supply,and the multi-objective planning model is established in the second stage.planning model,and the second stage further develops the reactive voltage control strategy of WTGs on this basis,and obtains the distribution network loss reduction method based on WTG siting and capacity allocation and reactive power control strategy.Finally,the optimal configuration scheme is solved by the manta ray foraging optimisation(MRFO)algorithm,and the loss of each branch line and bus loss of the distribution network before and after the adoption of this loss reduction method is calculated by taking the IEEE33 distribution system as an example,which verifies the practicability and validity of the proposed method,and provides a reference introduction for decision-making for the distributed energy planning of the distribution network.
文摘In order to improve the reliability of the spacecraft micro cold gas propulsion system and realize the precise control of the spacecraft attitude and orbit, a micro-thrust, high-precision cold gas thruster is carried out, at the same time due to the design requirements of the spacecraft, this micro-thrust should be continuous working more than 60 minutes, the traditional solenoid valve used for the thrusts can’t complete the mission, so a long-life micro latching valve is developed as the control valve for this micro thruster, because the micro latching valve can keep its position when it cuts off the outage. Firstly, the authors introduced the design scheme and idea of the thruster. Secondly, the performance of the latching valve and the flow characteristics of the nozzle were simulated. Finally, from the experimental results and compared with the numerical study, it shows that the long-life micro cold gas thruster developed in this paper meets the mission requirements.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62101099)the Chinese Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2021M690558,2022T150100,2018M633352,2019T120825)+3 种基金the Young Elite Scientist Sponsorship Program(YESS20200082)the Aeronautical Science Foundation of China(2022Z017080001)the Open Foundation of Science and Technology on Electronic Information Control Laboratorythe Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province(2023NSFSC1386)。
文摘The detection of hypersonic targets usually confronts range migration(RM)issue before coherent integration(CI).The traditional methods aiming at correcting RM to obtain CI mainly considers the narrow-band radar condition.However,with the increasing requirement of far-range detection,the time bandwidth product,which is corresponding to radar’s mean power,should be promoted in actual application.Thus,the echo signal generates the scale effect(SE)at large time bandwidth product situation,influencing the intra and inter pulse integration performance.To eliminate SE and correct RM,this paper proposes an effective algorithm,i.e.,scaled location rotation transform(ScLRT).The ScLRT can remove SE to obtain the matching pulse compression(PC)as well as correct RM to complete CI via the location rotation transform,being implemented by seeking the actual rotation angle.Compared to the traditional coherent detection algorithms,Sc LRT can address the SE problem to achieve better detection/estimation capabilities.At last,this paper gives several simulations to assess the viability of ScLRT.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China[grant number 2020YFA0608000]the National Natural Science Foundation of China[grant number 42075141]+2 种基金the Meteorological Joint Funds of the National Natural Science Foundation of China[grant number U2142211]the Key Project Fund of the Shanghai 2020“Science and Technology Innovation Action Plan”for Social Development[grant number 20dz1200702]the first batch of Model Interdisciplinary Joint Research Projects of Tongji University in 2021[grant number YB-21-202110].
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.42192535)the Open Fund of Wuhan,Gravitation and Solid Earth Tides,National Observation and Research Station(No.WHYWZ202204)+1 种基金the Strategic Pioneer Science and Technology Special Project of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.XDB18010304)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.41874096).
文摘The Tibetan Plateau(TP)is the youngest orogenic belt resulting from a continental collision on the Earth.It is a natural laboratory for studying continental dynamics,such as continental convergence,plate subduction,and plateau uplift.Investigating the deep structure of the TP has always been a popular issue in geological research.The Moho is the boundary between the crust and the mantle and therefore plays a crucial role in the Earth’s structure.Parameters such as depth and lateral variation,as well as the fine structure of the crust-mantle interface,reveal the lithospheric dynamics in the TP.Two methods are generally employed to study the Moho surface:seismic detection and gravity inversion.Seismic detection has the characteristic of high precision,but it is limited to a few cross-sectional lines and is quite costly.It is not suitable for and cannot be carried out over a large area of the TP.The Moho depth over a large area can be obtained through gravity inversion,but this method is affected by the nature of gravity data,and the accuracy of the inversion method is lower than that of seismic detection.In this work,a high-precision gravity field model was selected.The Parker-Oldenburg interface inversion method was used,within the constraints of seismic observations,and the Bott iteration method was introduced to enhance the inversion efficiency.The Moho depth in the TP was obtained with high precision,consistent with the seismic detection results.The research results showed that the shape of the Moho in the TP is complex and the variation range is large,reaching 60−80 km.In contrast with the adjacent area,a clear zone of sharp variation appears at the edge of the plateau.In the interior of the TP,the buried depth of the Moho is characterized by two depressions and two uplifts.To the south of the Yarlung Zangbo River,the Moho inclines to the north,and to the north,the Moho depresses downward,which was interpreted as the Indian plate subducting to the north below Tibet.The Moho depression on the north side of the Qiangtang block,reaching 72 km deep,may be a result of the southward subduction of the lithosphere.The Moho uplift of the Qiangtang block has the same strike as the Bangong−Nujiang suture zone,which may indicate that the area is compensated by a low-density and low-velocity mantle.