This research is to control the pests inside fruits and buds by injecting pesticides into the tree with the high-pressure injector. The soluable pesticides injected into the trunk can transported insides to every part...This research is to control the pests inside fruits and buds by injecting pesticides into the tree with the high-pressure injector. The soluable pesticides injected into the trunk can transported insides to every part of the tree to kill pests. The change of pesticides inside the tree was observed. The result showed that injecting pesticides once a year could kill above 80% of the pests which happened once annually. The effect of injection lasts longer than that of applying the pesticide outside. The pesticides injected into the tree are not affected by environment and do not kill natural enemies directly,and the residual amount of pesticides is below the international standard level.展开更多
Injection recovery is an important measure for increasing the oil recovery rate of an oil field. One way is that centrifugal pumps or plunger pumps are used in an injection station to responsible for injection over a ...Injection recovery is an important measure for increasing the oil recovery rate of an oil field. One way is that centrifugal pumps or plunger pumps are used in an injection station to responsible for injection over a large area under the same pressure. This method is ineffective for low-permeability layers. For the oilfields in dispersed distribution in the marginal areas of Daqing, the low water-absorbing section needs an injection with a high delivery pressure and a low discharge capacity; another way is to install the submersible electric pump upside down, but because the submersible electric pump and the motor are underground, it is difficult for installation and maintenance. Introduced in this paper is the development and application of a surface high-pressure injection device with a submersible electric pump. Bysuccessful resolving some problems, such as the axial force of the submersible electric pump, sealing, level regulation of the pump, coaxiality and vibration, the device has the good points of running smoothly, moving easily, installation and maintains quickly and long period of running. This device can effectively solve the injection of the low water-absorbing section and of oilfields in dispersed locations. The recovery rate of oilfields is also enhanced.展开更多
The increasingly stringent emission regulations and fuel consumption requirements have elevated the demands of internal combustion engines with higher fuel efficiency and lower emissions.It has been widely demonstrate...The increasingly stringent emission regulations and fuel consumption requirements have elevated the demands of internal combustion engines with higher fuel efficiency and lower emissions.It has been widely demonstrated that fash boiling spray can generate shorter and wider spray with improved atomization and evaporation to promote a better air-fuel mixing process.In this study,macroscopic(far-field)spray morphologies and primary breakup(near-field)characteristics of a two-hole gasoline direct injection injector are investigated under non-flash boiling and flash boiling conditions.High speed macroscopic and microscopic imaging was used to capture the overall spray structure and near-field characteristics,respectively.N-Hexane is used as the test fuel with the injection pressure ranging from 10 MPa up to 40 MPa.For sub-cooled liquid fuel sprays,increasing fuel pressure contributes to enhanced fuel atomization and evaporation.Evident collapses occurred under fare flash boiling conditions,and higher injection pressure weakened this phenomenon since the spray cone angle decreased due to a higher injection velocity.展开更多
Water injection for oil displacement is one of the most effective ways to develop fractured-vuggy carbonate reservoirs.With the increase in the number of rounds of water injection,the development effect gradually fail...Water injection for oil displacement is one of the most effective ways to develop fractured-vuggy carbonate reservoirs.With the increase in the number of rounds of water injection,the development effect gradually fails.The emergence of high-pressure capacity expansion and water injection technology allows increased production from old wells.Although high-pressure capacity expansion and water injection technology has been implemented in practice for nearly 10 years in fractured-vuggy reservoirs,its mechanism remains unclear,and the water injection curve is not apparent.In the past,evaluating its effect could only be done by measuring the injection-production volume.In this study,we analyze the mechanism of high-pressure capacity expansion and water injection.We propose a fluid exchange index for high-pressure capacity expansion and water injection and establish a discrete model suitable for high-pressure capacity expansion and water injection curves in fractured-vuggy reservoirs.We propose the following mechanisms:replenishing energy,increasing energy,replacing energy,and releasing energy.The above mechanisms can be identified by the high-pressure capacity expansion and water injection curve of the well HA6X in the Halahatang Oilfield in the Tarim Basin.By solving the basic model,the relative errors of Reservoirs I and II are found to be 1.9%and 1.5%,respectively,and the application of field examples demonstrates that our proposed high-pressure capacity expansion and water injection indicator curve is reasonable and reliable.This research can provide theoretical support for high-pressure capacity expansion and water injection technology in fracture-vuggy carbonate reservoirs.展开更多
目的:探讨针灸联合银杏达莫治疗炮震性耳鸣类军事训练伤的临床效果。方法:选取2015年8月至2016年7月军事训练后产生的84例因炮震训练引起单侧耳鸣的84例患者作为研究对象,将患者按数字分组法随机平均分为2组,对照组42例采用银杏达莫注射...目的:探讨针灸联合银杏达莫治疗炮震性耳鸣类军事训练伤的临床效果。方法:选取2015年8月至2016年7月军事训练后产生的84例因炮震训练引起单侧耳鸣的84例患者作为研究对象,将患者按数字分组法随机平均分为2组,对照组42例采用银杏达莫注射液20 m L加入5%葡萄糖溶液250 m L中静脉滴注进行治疗,观察组在此基础上辅以针灸治疗,比较2组患者的治疗效果、症状改善情况、不良反应。结果:治疗2个疗程后,观察组患者痊愈20例,线型10例,有效9例,无效3例,治疗有效率为92.85%;对照组患者痊愈15例,显效5例,有效10例,无效12例,治疗有效率为71.42%;观察组治疗有效率明显高于对照组,差异统计学意义(P<0.05)。2组在治疗前耳鸣评分及听力差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);观察组治疗后耳鸣评分(4.02±2.28)分、听力(30.76±2.53)d B,同期对照组治疗后耳鸣评分(7.98±2.43)分、听力(35.84±2.86)d B,观察组耳鸣症状及听力明显较对照组好转,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。2组在治疗过程中均出现了不同程度的不良反应,观察组恶心呕吐、皮疹、头晕等不良反应发生率为28.58%与对照组的23.80%比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:针灸联合银杏达莫治疗炮震性耳鸣类军事训练伤的临床效果显著,能有效改善耳部血液循环,辅助中医针灸治疗可疏通经气、活血化瘀,有利于本病的根治,提升整体治疗的优势,且安全性高,不良反应可控,具有积极的临床意义。展开更多
文摘This research is to control the pests inside fruits and buds by injecting pesticides into the tree with the high-pressure injector. The soluable pesticides injected into the trunk can transported insides to every part of the tree to kill pests. The change of pesticides inside the tree was observed. The result showed that injecting pesticides once a year could kill above 80% of the pests which happened once annually. The effect of injection lasts longer than that of applying the pesticide outside. The pesticides injected into the tree are not affected by environment and do not kill natural enemies directly,and the residual amount of pesticides is below the international standard level.
文摘Injection recovery is an important measure for increasing the oil recovery rate of an oil field. One way is that centrifugal pumps or plunger pumps are used in an injection station to responsible for injection over a large area under the same pressure. This method is ineffective for low-permeability layers. For the oilfields in dispersed distribution in the marginal areas of Daqing, the low water-absorbing section needs an injection with a high delivery pressure and a low discharge capacity; another way is to install the submersible electric pump upside down, but because the submersible electric pump and the motor are underground, it is difficult for installation and maintenance. Introduced in this paper is the development and application of a surface high-pressure injection device with a submersible electric pump. Bysuccessful resolving some problems, such as the axial force of the submersible electric pump, sealing, level regulation of the pump, coaxiality and vibration, the device has the good points of running smoothly, moving easily, installation and maintains quickly and long period of running. This device can effectively solve the injection of the low water-absorbing section and of oilfields in dispersed locations. The recovery rate of oilfields is also enhanced.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52006140)。
文摘The increasingly stringent emission regulations and fuel consumption requirements have elevated the demands of internal combustion engines with higher fuel efficiency and lower emissions.It has been widely demonstrated that fash boiling spray can generate shorter and wider spray with improved atomization and evaporation to promote a better air-fuel mixing process.In this study,macroscopic(far-field)spray morphologies and primary breakup(near-field)characteristics of a two-hole gasoline direct injection injector are investigated under non-flash boiling and flash boiling conditions.High speed macroscopic and microscopic imaging was used to capture the overall spray structure and near-field characteristics,respectively.N-Hexane is used as the test fuel with the injection pressure ranging from 10 MPa up to 40 MPa.For sub-cooled liquid fuel sprays,increasing fuel pressure contributes to enhanced fuel atomization and evaporation.Evident collapses occurred under fare flash boiling conditions,and higher injection pressure weakened this phenomenon since the spray cone angle decreased due to a higher injection velocity.
基金supported by the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.M2019650965)Major R&D Plan of Sichuan Province(No.2020YFQ0034)the National Natural Science Fund Projects(Grant No.51804253).
文摘Water injection for oil displacement is one of the most effective ways to develop fractured-vuggy carbonate reservoirs.With the increase in the number of rounds of water injection,the development effect gradually fails.The emergence of high-pressure capacity expansion and water injection technology allows increased production from old wells.Although high-pressure capacity expansion and water injection technology has been implemented in practice for nearly 10 years in fractured-vuggy reservoirs,its mechanism remains unclear,and the water injection curve is not apparent.In the past,evaluating its effect could only be done by measuring the injection-production volume.In this study,we analyze the mechanism of high-pressure capacity expansion and water injection.We propose a fluid exchange index for high-pressure capacity expansion and water injection and establish a discrete model suitable for high-pressure capacity expansion and water injection curves in fractured-vuggy reservoirs.We propose the following mechanisms:replenishing energy,increasing energy,replacing energy,and releasing energy.The above mechanisms can be identified by the high-pressure capacity expansion and water injection curve of the well HA6X in the Halahatang Oilfield in the Tarim Basin.By solving the basic model,the relative errors of Reservoirs I and II are found to be 1.9%and 1.5%,respectively,and the application of field examples demonstrates that our proposed high-pressure capacity expansion and water injection indicator curve is reasonable and reliable.This research can provide theoretical support for high-pressure capacity expansion and water injection technology in fracture-vuggy carbonate reservoirs.
文摘目的:探讨针灸联合银杏达莫治疗炮震性耳鸣类军事训练伤的临床效果。方法:选取2015年8月至2016年7月军事训练后产生的84例因炮震训练引起单侧耳鸣的84例患者作为研究对象,将患者按数字分组法随机平均分为2组,对照组42例采用银杏达莫注射液20 m L加入5%葡萄糖溶液250 m L中静脉滴注进行治疗,观察组在此基础上辅以针灸治疗,比较2组患者的治疗效果、症状改善情况、不良反应。结果:治疗2个疗程后,观察组患者痊愈20例,线型10例,有效9例,无效3例,治疗有效率为92.85%;对照组患者痊愈15例,显效5例,有效10例,无效12例,治疗有效率为71.42%;观察组治疗有效率明显高于对照组,差异统计学意义(P<0.05)。2组在治疗前耳鸣评分及听力差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);观察组治疗后耳鸣评分(4.02±2.28)分、听力(30.76±2.53)d B,同期对照组治疗后耳鸣评分(7.98±2.43)分、听力(35.84±2.86)d B,观察组耳鸣症状及听力明显较对照组好转,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。2组在治疗过程中均出现了不同程度的不良反应,观察组恶心呕吐、皮疹、头晕等不良反应发生率为28.58%与对照组的23.80%比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:针灸联合银杏达莫治疗炮震性耳鸣类军事训练伤的临床效果显著,能有效改善耳部血液循环,辅助中医针灸治疗可疏通经气、活血化瘀,有利于本病的根治,提升整体治疗的优势,且安全性高,不良反应可控,具有积极的临床意义。
