Hydrogeochemical characteristics of groundwater and pore-water and the paleoenvironmental evolution in the past 3.10 Ma in the Xiong’an New Area,North China

The groundwater level has been continuously decreasing due to climate change and long-time overexploitation in the Xiong’an New Area,North China,which caused the enhanced mixing of groundwater in different aquifers and significant changes in regional groundwater chemistry characteristics.In this study,groundwater and sediment pore-water in drilling cores obtained from a 600 m borehole were investigated to evaluate hydrogeochemical processes in shallow and deep aquifers and paleo-environmental evolution in the past ca.3.10 Ma.Results showed that there was no obvious change overall in chemical composition along the direction of groundwater runoff,but different hydrochemical processes occurred in shallow and deep groundwater in the vertical direction.Shallow groundwater(<150 m)in the Xiong’an New Area was characterized by high salinity(TDS>1000 mg/L)and high concentrations of Mn and Fe,while deep groundwater had better water quality with lower salinity.The high TDS values mostly occurred in aquifers with depth<70 m and>500 m below land surface.Water isotopes showed that aquifer pore-water mostly originated from meteoric water under the influence of evaporation,and aquitard pore-water belonged to Paleo meteoric water.In addition,the evolution of the paleoclimate since 3.10 Ma BP was reconstructed,and four climate periods were determined by theδ18O profiles of pore-water and sporopollen records from sediments at different depths.It can be inferred that the Quaternary Pleistocene(0.78‒2.58 Ma BP)was dominated by the cold and dry climate of the glacial period,with three interglacial intervals of warm and humid climate.What’s more,this study demonstrates the possibilities of the applications of pore-water on the hydrogeochemical study and further supports the finding that pore-water could retain the feature of paleo-sedimentary water.

玛珥湖古气候环境研究进展

玛珥湖特有的沉积环境为发育和保存长时间尺度、高分辨率气候和环境记录提供了理想场所,其沉积物为过去全球变化研究提供了理想的研究材料。国际玛珥湖沉积与环境研究的进展在解决一些重要的古气候问题方面显示出了巨大的潜力。近年来,我国也在玛珥湖纹层和沉积物的多学科、多指标综合研究方面取得了有意义的成果。本文就玛珥湖在纹层年代学、火山灰年代学、磁性地层学方面的研究以及古气候、古环境重建方面取得的研究成果做简要的介绍。

青藏高原不同载体中微生物类脂物GDGTs的研究进展及展望

甘油二烷基链甘油四醚是一类结构稳定、来源广泛、对气候环境响应敏感的微生物标志物,也是古气候与古环境重建的重要工具。相对于其他地区,青藏高原极端微生物对环境因子的响应机理复杂,不同载体中甘油二烷基链甘油四醚的分布特征不同,这给青藏高原古气候和古环境定量重建研究带来了不确定性,限制了甘油二烷基链甘油四醚在青藏高原研究中的充分应用。首先,总结了青藏高原不同载体中甘油二烷基链甘油四醚的分布特征、来源及影响因素;其次,概述了甘油二烷基链甘油四醚指标在青藏高原古气候环境重建中的应用,重点阐述了甘油二烷基链甘油四醚在青藏高原应用中的不确定性来源及其成因解释;最后,结合青藏高原多圈层相互作用对甘油二烷基链甘油四醚的影响机理,对青藏高原各载体中甘油二烷基链甘油四醚的研究进行了讨论和展望。