Compressive Performance of Fiber Reinforced Recycled Aggregate Concrete by Basalt Fiber Reinforced Polymer-Polyvinyl Chloride Composite Jackets

The development of recycled aggregate concrete(RAC)provides a new approach to limiting the waste of natural resources.In the present study,the mechanical properties and deformability of RACs were improved by adding basalt fibers(BFs)and using external restraints,such as a fiber-reinforced polymer(FRP)jacket or a PVC pipe.Samples were tested under axial compression.The results showed that RAC(50%replacement of aggregate)containing 0.2%BFs had the best mechanical properties.Using either BFs or PVC reinforcement had a slight effect on the loadbearing capacity and mode of failure.With different levels of BFs,the compressive strengths of the specimens reinforced with 1-layer and 3-layer basalt fiber reinforced polymer(BFRP)increased by 6.7%–10.5%and 16.5%–23.7%,respectively,and the ultimate strains increased by 48.5%–80.7%and 97.1%–141.1%,respectively.The peak stress of the 3-layer BFRP-PVC increased by 42.2%,and the ultimate strain improved by 131.3%,relative to the control.This reinforcement combined the high tensile strength of BFRP,which improved the post-peak behavior,and PVC,which enhanced the structural durability.In addition,to investigate the influence of the various constraints on compressive behavior,the stress-strain response was analyzed.Based on the analysis of experimental results,a peak stress-strain model and an amended ultimate stress-strain model were proposed.The models were verified as well;the result showed that the predictions from calculations are generally consistent with the experimental data(error within 10%).The results of this study provide a theoretical basis and reference for future applications of fiber-reinforced recycled concrete.

The Effect of Basalt Fiber on Concrete Performance under a Sulfate Attack Environment

To enhance the sulfate attack resistance performance of concrete,Sulfate erosion test was carried out on basalt fiber concrete with different contents,selecting a concentration of 5%sulfate solution and using a dry−wet cycle mechanism attack of basalt fiber-reinforced concrete(BFRC).Every 15 dry−wet cycles,the mass,compressive strength,splitting tensile strength,and relative dynamic elastic modulus of BFRC were tested,and the SO_(4)^(2−)con-centration was measured.This work demonstrates that the mass,relative dynamic elastic modulus,compressive and splitting tensile strength of BFRC reveal a trend of climb up and then decline with the process of the dry−wet cycle.Basalt fiber can enhance the sulfate corrosion resistance of concrete by delaying the erosion of concrete induced by SO_(4)^(2−)and increasing the bearing and anti-deformation capacities of concrete by improving its inter-nal structure.Additionally,when mixing 0.2%basalt fiber into concrete,the strength deterioration rate will be reduced when the peak values of splitting tensile and compressive strength appear at 60 and 75 times the alter-nating dry−wet cycles,respectively.Adverse effects will occur when the fiber volume fraction exceeds 0.2%.The research in this paper can provide a foundation for the engineering applications of basalt fiber concrete.

Experimental and Numerical Analysis of High-Strength Concrete Beams Including Steel Fibers and Large-Particle Recycled Coarse Aggregates

In order to study the performances of high-strength concrete beams including steel fibers and large-particle recycled aggregates,four different beams have been designed,tested experimentally and simulated numerically.As varying parameters,the replacement rates of recycled coarse aggregates and CFRP(carbon fiber reinforced polymer)sheets have been considered.The failure mode of these beams,related load deflection curves,stirrup strain and shear capacity have been determined through monotonic loading tests.The simulations have been conducted using the ABAQUS finite element software.The results show that the shear failure mode of recycled concrete beams is similar to that of ordinary concrete beams.The shear carrying capacity of high-strength concrete beams including steel fibers and large-particle recycled coarse aggregates grows with an increase in the replacement rate of recycled coarse aggregates.Reinforcement with CFRP sheets can significantly improve the beam’s shear carrying capacity and overall resistance to deformation.

CT Image-based Analysis on the Defect of Polypropylene Fiber Reinforced High-Strength Concrete at High Temperatures

With the application of X-ray computed tomography（CT） technology of C80 high-strength concrete with polypropylene fiber at elevated temperatures, the microscopic damage evolution process observation and image building could be obtained, based on the statistics theory and numerical analysis of the combination of concrete internal defects extension and evolution regularity of microscopic structure. The expermental results show that the defect rate has changed at different temperatures and can determine the concrete degradation threshold temperatures. Also, data analysis can help to establish the evolution equation between the defect rate and the effect of temperature damage, and identify that the addition of polypropylene fibers in the high strength concrete at high temperature can improve cracking resistance.

Mechanical Properties of Nano-CaCO_(3) and Basalt Fiber Reinforced Concrete:Experiments and Numerical Simulations

In this study,the compressive,split tensile,and flexural strengths of concrete with nano-CaCO_(3) only were compared with those of concrete with nano-CaCO_(3) and basalt fibers through field experiments,and the underlying mechanisms were analyzed by the Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) techniques.On the mesoscale,a damage model of concrete was established based on the continuum progressive damage theory,which was used to investigate the influence of different lengths and contents of fibers on the mechanical properties of concrete.Then,the experimental and numerical simulation results were compared and analyzed to verify the feasibility of model.The results show that nano-CaCO_(3) can enhance the compressive strength of the concrete,with an optimal content of 2.0%.Adding basalt fibers into the nano-CaCO_(3) reinforced concrete may further enhance the compressive,split tensile,and flexural strengths of the concrete;however,the higher content of basalt fiber can not lead to higher performance of concrete.The optimal length and content of fiber are 6 mm and 0.20%,respectively.The SEM result shows that the aggregation of basalt fibers is detrimental to the mechanical properties of concrete.The numerical simulation results are in good agreement with the experimental results.

Experimental Investigation on Fracture Performance of Short Basalt Fiber Bundle Reinforced Concrete

In this paper,a notched three-point bending test is used to study the fracture performance of the short basalt fiber bundle reinforced concrete(SBFBRC).To compare and analyze the enhancement effect of different diameters and different content of basalt fiber bundles on the fracture performance of concrete,some groups are set up,and the P-CMOD curves of each group of specimens are measured,and the fracture toughness and fracture energy of each control group are calculated.The fracture toughness and fracture energy are two important fracture performance parameters to study the effect and law of the new basalt fiber bundles on the fracture performance of concrete.The research results show that the diameter and content of the new basalt fiber bundles have a certain effect on the fracture performance of concrete.With the increase of the content of basalt fiber bundles,the peak load,crack initiation toughness,instability toughness and fracture energy of SBFBRC are greatly improved compared with the benchmark group.When the fiber bundle diameter is 0.2 mm,the peak load increases by 69.5%compared with the reference group.The instability toughness reaches its maximum value at 0.2 mm diameter,which is 59.7%higher than the benchmark.

The Influence of Steel and Basalt Fibers on the Shear and Flexural Capacity of Reinforced Concrete Beams

To improve the shear and flexural capacity of flexural members, the steel and basalt fibers were used in model beams tested under flexure. Three series of single span free supported model beams were prepared from SFRC （steel fiber reinforced concrete） with longitudinal steel reinforcement （steel ratio of 1.2 %） and varied spacing of steel stirrups and they were tested till failure. Another three series of BFRC （basalt fiber reinforced concrete） double-span model beams with a span of 2 mm~ 1,000 mm and cross section 180 mm ~ 80 mm were tested. During the tests till to the failure the beam reactions, vertical deflections and horizontal strains in concrete were registered, to clarify the range of redistribution of bending moments and shear forces over the span of the beams. Almost all the tested model beams failed in shear, showing visible influence of steel and basalt fibers on the shear capacity of the tested beams. The tests results confirmed that steel and basalt fibers in reinforced concrete beams can partially replace （in certain cases） the traditional steel stirrups calculated for shear.

Elasto-plastic Analysis of High-strength Concrete Shear Wall with Boundary Columns Using Fiber Model

In this study,an experimental study and numerical calculations using fiber model were conducted for four high-strength concrete shear walls with boundary columns under low cyclic load.The boundary column and shear wall were divided into fiber elements,and PERFORM-3D finite element analysis software was used to carry out push-over analysis on the test specimens.The results show that the finite element analysis results were in good agreement with the experimental results.The proposed analysis method could perform elasto-plastic analysis on the high-strength concrete shear wall with boundary columns without distinguishing the categories of frame column and shear wall.The seismic performance of high-strength concrete shear wall with boundary columns was analyzed using the following parameters:axis compression ratio,height to width ratio,ratio of vertical reinforcement,and ratio of longitudinal reinforcement in the boundary column.The results show that the increase in the axial compression ratio causes the bearing capacity of the shear wall to increase at first and then to decrease and causes the ductility to decrease.The increase in the height to width ratio causes the bearing capacity of the shear wall to decrease and its ductility to increase.The ratio of vertical reinforcement was found to have little effect on the bearing capacity and ductility.The increase in the ratio of longitudinal reinforcement in boundary column resulted in a significant increase in the bearing capacity and caused the ductility to decrease at first and then to slowly increase.

Strengthening effects of BFRP on reinforced concrete beams

Reinforced concrete （RC） beams externally bonded with basalt fiber reinforced polymer （BFRP） are experimentally investigated by using different numbers of bonding plies, transverse anchorages as well as the initial conditions of strengthened beams. The performances of the BFRP strengthening are compared with those of the carbon fiber reinforced polymer （CFRP） and the glass fiber reinforced polymer （GFRP） under the same experimental condition. Experimental results indicate that the strength and ductility of the strengthened beam with two plies of the BFRP are improved remarkably than those with one ply. The strengthening effects of the BFRP lie between those of the CFRP and the GFRP. The BFRP strengthening is little influenced by pre-cracks of concrete. Most failures are caused by interfaciai debonding induced by flexural cracks in the experiment. Clamping of Uwraps along the whole beam is less efficient than endpoint anchorage for increasing the ultimate load of the strengthened beam. Finally, the models suggested by the five guidelines for predicting the debonding strain of the CFRP are extended to the BFRP and the conservative estimates of the debonding strain of the BFRP are given as well.

Experimental study on the durability of BFRP bars embedded in concrete

This paper presents an experimental study on the alkali-resistant properties of basalt fiber reinforced polymers （BFRP） bars under a typical concrete environment. BFRP bars were embedded in concrete and exposed to different aggressive environments, including tap water, saline solution and ambient temperature environments, to study the effects of the type of solution and relative humidity （RH） on the durability of BFRP. Meanwhile, BFRP bars were directly immersed in an alkaline solution for comparison. The acceleration factor describing the relationship between the alkaline solution immersion and the moisture-saturated concrete was also obtained. Aging was accelerated with a temperature of 60 ℃. The results show that the chloridion in the saline solution does not have any harmful effects on the degradation of the concrete-encased BFRP bars. Contact with an alkaline （high pH） concrete pore-water solution is the primary reason for the degradation of the BFRP bars. The degradation rate of concrete-encased BFRP bars is accelerated when a high temperature and a high humidity are present simultaneously. The degradation rate of the BFRP bars is relatively quick at the initial stage and slows down with exposure time. Results show that the degradation of 2.18 years in moisture-saturated concrete at 60 ℃corresponds to that of one year when directly immersed in an alkaline solution （other conditions remaining the same） for the BFRP bars analyzed.

Detection of Thermophysical Properties for High Strength Concrete after Exposure to High Temperature

Using the detection principle of infrared thermal imaging technique and the detection principle of DRH thermal conductivity tester laboratory,we investigated the infrared thermal image inspection,coefficient of thermal conductivity,apparent density,and compressive strength test on C80 high-strength concrete（HSC） in the presence and absence of polypropylene fibers under completely heated conditions.Only slight damages were detected below 400 ℃,whereas more and more severe deterioration events were expected when the temperature was above 500 ℃.The results show that the elevated temperature through infrared images generally exhibits an upward trend with increasing temperature,while the coefficient of thermal conductivity and apparent density decrease gradually.Additionally,the addition of polypropylene fibers with appropriate length,diameter,and quantity contributes to the improvement of the high-temperature resistance of HSC.

Structural performance of a façade precast concrete sandwich panel enabled by a bar-type basalt fiber-reinforced polymer connector

In this study,a novel diagonally inserted bar-type basalt fiber reinforced polymer(BFRP)connector was proposed,aiming to achieve both construction convenience and partially composite behavior in precast concrete sandwich panels(PCSPs).First,pull-out tests were conducted to evaluate the anchoring performance of the connector in concrete after exposure to different temperatures.Thereafter,direct shear tests were conducted to investigate the shear performance of the connector.After the test on the individual performance of the connector,five façade PCSP specimens with the bar-type BFRP connector were fabricated,and the out-of-plane flexural performance was tested under a uniformly distributed load.The investigating parameters included the panel length,opening condition,and boundary condition.The results obtained in this study primarily indicated that 1)the bar-type BFRP connector can achieve a reliable anchorage system in concrete;2)the bar-type BFRP connector can offer sufficient stiffness and capacity to achieve a partially composite PCSP;3)the boundary condition of the panel considerably influenced the out-of-plane flexural performance and composite action of the investigated façade PCSP.

Deformation Damage and Energy Evolution of Basalt Fiber Reinforced Concrete under the Triaxial Compression

To explore the law of energy evolution and the change of damage before and after specimen failure,the conventional triaxial compression tests(5,10,15,20,and 30 MPa)of basalt fiber reinforced concrete(BFRC)with different fiber volume fractions(0,0.2%and 0.4%)were carried out by MTS816 rock testing system,and the cyclic loading and unloading tests of BFRC with a fiber content of 0.2%were carried out.The experimental results show that the peak strength and strain of BFRC increase with the increase of confining pressure.Tensile failure occurs under low confining pressure,and shear failure occurs under high confining pressure.The best volume fraction of fiber is 0.2%.Under different confining pressures,the input energy,elastic energy,plastic properties,and dissipated energy of the samples first increase and then decrease to a stable level.The elastic energy and dissipated energy reach the maximum near the peak stress,while the input energy and plastic properties reach the maximum at the peak.At the same time,the damage increases continuously with the input of load under different confining pressures,indicating that the failure of the specimen is a process of energy accumulation.

冻融循环下纤维增韧型环氧沥青混合料损伤演化

为了研究季冻区玄武岩纤维增韧型环氧沥青混合料的性能劣化规律,首先,通过沥青黏温曲线分析和直接拉伸性能测试,初步确定纤维长度和掺量,并对比纤维改性前后的环氧沥青混合料(EAC)的路用性能,进一步确定最佳纤维长度和掺量,形成玄武岩纤维增韧型环氧沥青混合料(FEAC)的设计流程。随后,进行低温弯曲试验,测试不同冻融损伤程度沥青混合料的弯拉强度、弯拉应变、弯曲劲度模量和弯曲应变能密度。研究结果表明:6%(质量分数)玄武岩纤维掺量的FEAC具有较好的高温性能和低温抗裂性,并保持了与EAC相当的水稳定性。随着冻融循环次数的增加,EAC和FEAC的弯拉强度、弯曲劲度模量和弯曲应变能密度逐渐降低,而弯拉应变的变化趋势则与之相反。相较于EAC,FEAC表现出更高的弯拉强度、弯拉应变和较低的弯曲劲度模量。FEAC和EAC的弯曲应变能密度冻融损伤变化均呈现明显的3段式性能下降。S形逻辑函数能够有效地描述冻融循环的损伤变化规律,其中模型参数a、k和x c显示出玄武岩纤维对延缓环氧沥青混合料冻融损伤增长具有积极作用。

短切玄武岩纤维对混凝土力学性能的影响

为了提高混凝土的力学性能,研究短切玄武岩纤维对混凝土力学性能的影响规律。把不同体积掺量(0.25%、0.5%、0.75%、1.0%、1.25%)、不同长度(6 mm、12 mm)的短切玄武岩纤维掺入以C40混凝土为主的不同基体强度等级的混凝土中,进行立方体抗压强度、劈裂抗拉强度、抗弯强度试验,分析短切玄武岩纤维对混凝土力学性能产生的影响,并拟合出C40混凝土抗弯强度与短切玄武岩纤维体积掺量的数量关系。结果表明:同一掺量下,12 mm短切玄武岩纤维比6 mm短切玄武岩纤维提升混凝土力学性能效果更佳;C40混凝土在12 mm短切玄武岩纤维掺量为1%时,其立方体抗压强度、劈裂抗拉强度、拉压比和抗弯强度对比未掺入玄武岩纤维的混凝土分别提高7.11%、30.00%、21.34%和24.89%,此时混凝土力学性能提升效果最佳。

玄武岩纤维棒聚合物混凝土的弯曲韧性

研究了玄武岩纤维棒(BFB)的纤维增强指数I_(R)对玄武岩纤维棒聚合物混凝土(BFB-PC)韧性指标T_((2(n-1)))(n)的影响,通过分形理论探究了T_((2(n-1)))(n)与裂缝形貌的关系,并建立了弯曲韧性计算模型.结果表明:当IR=90.0时,BFB对BFB-PC的增韧效果最优,此时BFB-PC的弯曲韧性比未掺BFB时提升了8.39倍;BFB的增韧阈值为IR=37.5和IR=90.0;当IR相同时,与未掺聚合物的混凝土相比,聚灰比为0.06的BFB-PC T_((2(n-1)))(n)更高;IR越大裂缝形貌越复杂,T(2(n-1))(n)与裂缝分形维数呈二次函数关系;本文提出的弯曲韧性计算模型准确描述了BFB对PC梁的增韧作用,其试验值与理论值的相对误差小于15.00%.

高温后冷却方式对玄武岩纤维混凝土力学性能的影响

高温处理后混凝土力学性能是工程建设中评价混凝土结构安全性能的重要指标之一。对不同玄武岩纤维(BF)掺量混凝土的力学性能进行了测试,将最优掺量的玄武岩纤维混凝土(BFRC)与普通混凝土(OC)进行高温处理(200、400、600、800℃),研究不同冷却方式(自然冷却和喷水冷却)对高温后BFRC性能劣化的影响,分析BFRC在不同温度和冷却方式下的力学性能变化规律。结果表明,当BF掺量为0.05%(体积分数)时,BFRC抗压强度、劈裂抗拉强度达到最大值,分别为50.2、3.5 MPa,较OC分别提高了14.87%、34.62%。BF的掺入能够有效增加混凝土的韧性以及抵抗开裂变形的能力。随着温度增加,BFRC试件的弹性模量减小但始终大于OC试件。同一冷却方式下OC的峰值应变均大于BFRC,不同冷却方式下的延性指数较常温均有所提高。

高温下玄武岩纤维增强地质聚合物混凝土的动态压缩力学行为

为研究高温下玄武岩纤维增强地质聚合物混凝土(BFRGC)的动态压缩力学行为,本文制备了纤维体积掺量为0%、0.1%、0.2%、0.3%的BFRGC试件,并对其进行了不同温度(20、200、400、600、800℃)下的动态冲击试验。结果表明:BFRGC试件静态抗压强度、动态抗压强度和比能量吸收具有明显的温度强化效应和高温损伤效应,峰值应变表现出显著的温度塑化效应。BFRGC试件的静态抗压强度、动态抗压强度的温度阀值为400℃。随着温度的升高,BFRGC试件的静态抗压强度、动态抗压强度和比能量吸收均先增大后减小,峰值应变不断增大。掺加适量的玄武岩纤维可以提高常温及高温下地质聚合物混凝土的静态抗压强度和动态力学性能,且其最佳掺量为0.1%。

BFRP筋回收轮胎钢纤维混凝土黏结性能分析

对玄武岩纤维增强复合材料(BFRP)筋在回收轮胎钢纤维(RTSF)混凝土中的黏结性能进行了试验和分析研究.对不同RTSF体积掺量、BFRP筋直径和嵌入长度的试件进行了拉拔试验,研究其对黏结破坏模式、黏结滑移响应和黏结强度的影响,并提出了BFRP筋RTSF混凝土的黏结滑移理论模型.结果表明:BFRP筋RTSF混凝土黏结破坏类型包括拔出破坏、劈裂破坏以及拔出且劈裂破坏;BFRP筋直径对黏结破坏模式无显著影响,而RTSF体积掺量、BFRP筋直径和嵌入长度均对黏结强度有较大影响,且RTSF体积掺量与极限黏结强度呈正相关,BFRP筋直径和嵌入长度对其影响与之相反;当RTSF体积掺量从0增大至1.5%时,其极限黏结强度最大可提高约23.87%.与已有模型相比,所提出的黏结滑移理论模型对BFRP筋RTSF混凝土的黏结滑移曲线具有更高的拟合精度.