The Book Publishing and Analysis of Modern Peking University Library

The paper is based on literature search,introducing and analyzing the book publishing situation of modern Peking University Library from the perspective of the publisher being Peking University Library and its predecessor.It is pointed out that the majority of the book printing methods published by the modern Peking University Library are lead printing,and among the types of Chinese library classification,catalogue of library collections is the most common.

Deep Learning Applied to Computational Mechanics:A Comprehensive Review,State of the Art,and the Classics

Three recent breakthroughs due to AI in arts and science serve as motivation:An award winning digital image,protein folding,fast matrix multiplication.Many recent developments in artificial neural networks,particularly deep learning(DL),applied and relevant to computational mechanics(solid,fluids,finite-element technology)are reviewed in detail.Both hybrid and pure machine learning(ML)methods are discussed.Hybrid methods combine traditional PDE discretizations with ML methods either(1)to help model complex nonlinear constitutive relations,(2)to nonlinearly reduce the model order for efficient simulation(turbulence),or(3)to accelerate the simulation by predicting certain components in the traditional integration methods.Here,methods(1)and(2)relied on Long-Short-Term Memory(LSTM)architecture,with method(3)relying on convolutional neural networks.Pure ML methods to solve(nonlinear)PDEs are represented by Physics-Informed Neural network(PINN)methods,which could be combined with attention mechanism to address discontinuous solutions.Both LSTM and attention architectures,together with modern and generalized classic optimizers to include stochasticity for DL networks,are extensively reviewed.Kernel machines,including Gaussian processes,are provided to sufficient depth for more advanced works such as shallow networks with infinite width.Not only addressing experts,readers are assumed familiar with computational mechanics,but not with DL,whose concepts and applications are built up from the basics,aiming at bringing first-time learners quickly to the forefront of research.History and limitations of AI are recounted and discussed,with particular attention at pointing out misstatements or misconceptions of the classics,even in well-known references.Positioning and pointing control of a large-deformable beam is given as an example.

A review of the theory of Library Science in China: 1956-2016

Contemporary Library Science in China has gone through 60 years’ tough development since 1956. This paper tries to disclose the journey and achievements of Chinese Library Science in the past 60 years based on the analysis of published journal articles. This paper analyzes contemporary Chinese Library Science in the context of Chinese Library Science history and the international Library Science environment. Examining the historical progress of the Library Science in China, this paper divides the history into 5 phases: late start, wandering phase, tough starting phase, rebuilding phase, breaking phase and shining phase.

Lost Libraries:A Lesson for the Notion of World Literature

Literature,with its diverse and broad spectrum of platform,medium,and delivery,has long been an indicator of a civilization's culture.How the literature of various cultures was either preserved,lost,or shared has shaped the modern conception of World Literature.Libraries have been central to the collection,preservation,and access to literature throughout time,and their dependence on political and/or religious leadership has shaped the notion of"world literature"in fundamental ways.To increase awareness of marginalized literature and to broaden the understanding of World Literature is to seek out and share the lessons learned by librarians who all too frequently lost their libraries.