A detailed study on geomorphic surfaces and a set of trenches on the Hohhot segment of Daqingshan piedmont fault at three sites, Kuisu, Ulan Blang, and Qingshan Grassland, revealed 7 paleoseismic events occurred along...A detailed study on geomorphic surfaces and a set of trenches on the Hohhot segment of Daqingshan piedmont fault at three sites, Kuisu, Ulan Blang, and Qingshan Grassland, revealed 7 paleoseismic events occurred along the fault segment since 19 ka BP. Those events occurred at 18.75±.75 ka, 16.97 ±.96 ka, 14.65±.67 ka, 11.82±.69 ka, 9.45±.26 ka, 6. 83±.26 ka, and 4. 50 ±0. 23 ka BP, respectively, and their average recurrence interval is 2375±432 years. From the results of constraining fault displacement and correlation between the sediments in these trenches, we found a complete paleoseismic activity history along the fault segment during this period of time.展开更多
This paper reviews the history and progress of research on active tectonics in China and overseas.By giving a brief introduction on the history of active tectonic research in China and other countries,the paper sums u...This paper reviews the history and progress of research on active tectonics in China and overseas.By giving a brief introduction on the history of active tectonic research in China and other countries,the paper sums up the process and development of quantitative investigation of active tectonics since the 1980s.The focus is on the main efforts and progress made in China on certain aspects of research,such as basic surveys and applied investigation of active tectonics,the study of theories related to regional active tectonics and their kinematics and geodynamics,surveys on coupling relations between deep and shallow structures,active fault surveys and prospecting and seismic hazard assessment in urban areas,as well as the efforts made using Quaternary geochronology.Furthermore,the paper looks back on Chinese quantitative investigation of active tectonics in China and sums up cognitions derived from studies on the determination of several basic and measurable parameters of active tectonics.These parameters include the length of fault and fault segmentation,coseismic slip and cumulative slip,fault slip rate,the sequence of paleoearthquake events and the time elapsed since the most recent event.At the same time,efforts and progress made in China on assessing the long-term seismic potential for active faults and evaluating the risk from potential active fault movement have been reviewed by summarizing research on developing theories,models,methods and the application of time-dependent seismic potential to probabilistic assessment,magnitude estimation for potential earthquakes on active faults,and the forecast of potential risk caused by active fault movement.Finally,in consideration of the realities and problems in the research of active tectonics in China,the authors put forward several suggestions for issues worthy of more attention for further investigation in the future.展开更多
The 1605 M7½ Earthquake is the only earthquake in the history of China that has caused large-scale land subsidence into the sea,with the total area of land subsidence exceeding 100 km2.The disaster has led to the...The 1605 M7½ Earthquake is the only earthquake in the history of China that has caused large-scale land subsidence into the sea,with the total area of land subsidence exceeding 100 km2.The disaster has led to the sinking of 72 villages.There is still no clear understanding of the source seismogenic fault of this earthquake.In this work,we conducted a detailed study of the middle segment of the Maniao-Puqian fault(MPF),which is the epicenter area,through geomorphological survey,data collection,shallow seismic exploration,cross-section drilling,and chronological dating.The results showed that the middle segment of the MPF zone is composed of three nearly parallel normal faults with a dextral strike-slip:“Macun-Luodou fault(F2-1),Haixiu-Dongyuan fault(F2-2),and ChangliuZhuxihe fault(F2-3)”.And F2-2 is composed of two secondary faults,namely F2-2′and F2-2″,with a flower-shaped structure buried under the ground.It is distributed nearly east-west,dipping to the north and has experienced at least five stages of activities since the Miocene.The vertical activity rates of F2-2′and F2-2″are~2.32 and~2.5 mm/a,since the Holocene,respectively.There were eight cycles of transgression and regression since the Miocene.The fault activity resulted in the thickening of the Holocene strata with a slight dip to the south,on the hanging wall,showing V-shaped characteristics.The MPF is likely the source seismogenic fault of the M7½ earthquake that hit Qiongshan in 1605.展开更多
The article presents a brief history of the Institute of Geological Sciences(IGS)of the NAS of RA,and the achievements of different generations of its specialists in the field of bio-stratigraphy,paleontology,regional...The article presents a brief history of the Institute of Geological Sciences(IGS)of the NAS of RA,and the achievements of different generations of its specialists in the field of bio-stratigraphy,paleontology,regional geology,tectonics,geodynamics,geological hazards,seismotectonics,lithology,volcanism,magmatism,isotope geology,metamorphism,ore-bearing potential,metallogeny,ore geochemistry,hydrogeology,hydro-geochemistry,engineering geology,and geological informatics.The recent concepts on the geology of the RA in these different branches are based chiefly on the results of studies carried out by IGS specialists,also jointly with their foreign colleagues.Currently,the IGS of the NAS of RA is the sole institution in the RA that leads both basic and applied-science research in different directions of geological science.展开更多
This paper categorizes educational historiography as part of“historiography”because educational historiography is leaning towards historiography in spite of being a fundamental educational discipline with the dual d...This paper categorizes educational historiography as part of“historiography”because educational historiography is leaning towards historiography in spite of being a fundamental educational discipline with the dual disciplinary attributes of education and historiography.It is argued that the nature of a discipline is partly defined by its researchers and its roles,but more importantly,by its origin,major research topics and objectives,basic research theories,methodologies and paradigms,as well as its relations with cognate disciplines.And each of the above factors is elaborated on to illuminate the dual disciplinary nature of educational historiography.From the perspective of educational science,what reflects the nature of education the best is people’s“educational activities,”which can be defined as the aggregate of specific activities directed to promoting valuable human development,and the various ways educators and learners participate and interact in the educational process.This paper maintains that the history of educational activities constitutes an upside-down triangle relation with the histories of educational thoughts and system.The history of educational activities is the origin,premise and foundation,whereas the latter two are the derivatives and results.Therefore,the history of educational activities must be studied as part of the research on the history of education.展开更多
基金The research as one of the key project was supported by Joint Seismological Science Foundation grant 95-07-421. Contribution No. 2001 B001, Institute of Geology, China Seismological Bureau, China.
文摘A detailed study on geomorphic surfaces and a set of trenches on the Hohhot segment of Daqingshan piedmont fault at three sites, Kuisu, Ulan Blang, and Qingshan Grassland, revealed 7 paleoseismic events occurred along the fault segment since 19 ka BP. Those events occurred at 18.75±.75 ka, 16.97 ±.96 ka, 14.65±.67 ka, 11.82±.69 ka, 9.45±.26 ka, 6. 83±.26 ka, and 4. 50 ±0. 23 ka BP, respectively, and their average recurrence interval is 2375±432 years. From the results of constraining fault displacement and correlation between the sediments in these trenches, we found a complete paleoseismic activity history along the fault segment during this period of time.
基金funded by the"Experimental Exploration of Active Faults in Urban Areas(20041138)"project of the National Development and Reform Commission of China
文摘This paper reviews the history and progress of research on active tectonics in China and overseas.By giving a brief introduction on the history of active tectonic research in China and other countries,the paper sums up the process and development of quantitative investigation of active tectonics since the 1980s.The focus is on the main efforts and progress made in China on certain aspects of research,such as basic surveys and applied investigation of active tectonics,the study of theories related to regional active tectonics and their kinematics and geodynamics,surveys on coupling relations between deep and shallow structures,active fault surveys and prospecting and seismic hazard assessment in urban areas,as well as the efforts made using Quaternary geochronology.Furthermore,the paper looks back on Chinese quantitative investigation of active tectonics in China and sums up cognitions derived from studies on the determination of several basic and measurable parameters of active tectonics.These parameters include the length of fault and fault segmentation,coseismic slip and cumulative slip,fault slip rate,the sequence of paleoearthquake events and the time elapsed since the most recent event.At the same time,efforts and progress made in China on assessing the long-term seismic potential for active faults and evaluating the risk from potential active fault movement have been reviewed by summarizing research on developing theories,models,methods and the application of time-dependent seismic potential to probabilistic assessment,magnitude estimation for potential earthquakes on active faults,and the forecast of potential risk caused by active fault movement.Finally,in consideration of the realities and problems in the research of active tectonics in China,the authors put forward several suggestions for issues worthy of more attention for further investigation in the future.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42272222)the Basic Research Funds of Institute of Geomechanics,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences(No.DZLXJK202211)China Geological Survey(Nos.DD20190306,DD20190546,DD20160269,DD20230249)。
文摘The 1605 M7½ Earthquake is the only earthquake in the history of China that has caused large-scale land subsidence into the sea,with the total area of land subsidence exceeding 100 km2.The disaster has led to the sinking of 72 villages.There is still no clear understanding of the source seismogenic fault of this earthquake.In this work,we conducted a detailed study of the middle segment of the Maniao-Puqian fault(MPF),which is the epicenter area,through geomorphological survey,data collection,shallow seismic exploration,cross-section drilling,and chronological dating.The results showed that the middle segment of the MPF zone is composed of three nearly parallel normal faults with a dextral strike-slip:“Macun-Luodou fault(F2-1),Haixiu-Dongyuan fault(F2-2),and ChangliuZhuxihe fault(F2-3)”.And F2-2 is composed of two secondary faults,namely F2-2′and F2-2″,with a flower-shaped structure buried under the ground.It is distributed nearly east-west,dipping to the north and has experienced at least five stages of activities since the Miocene.The vertical activity rates of F2-2′and F2-2″are~2.32 and~2.5 mm/a,since the Holocene,respectively.There were eight cycles of transgression and regression since the Miocene.The fault activity resulted in the thickening of the Holocene strata with a slight dip to the south,on the hanging wall,showing V-shaped characteristics.The MPF is likely the source seismogenic fault of the M7½ earthquake that hit Qiongshan in 1605.
文摘The article presents a brief history of the Institute of Geological Sciences(IGS)of the NAS of RA,and the achievements of different generations of its specialists in the field of bio-stratigraphy,paleontology,regional geology,tectonics,geodynamics,geological hazards,seismotectonics,lithology,volcanism,magmatism,isotope geology,metamorphism,ore-bearing potential,metallogeny,ore geochemistry,hydrogeology,hydro-geochemistry,engineering geology,and geological informatics.The recent concepts on the geology of the RA in these different branches are based chiefly on the results of studies carried out by IGS specialists,also jointly with their foreign colleagues.Currently,the IGS of the NAS of RA is the sole institution in the RA that leads both basic and applied-science research in different directions of geological science.
文摘This paper categorizes educational historiography as part of“historiography”because educational historiography is leaning towards historiography in spite of being a fundamental educational discipline with the dual disciplinary attributes of education and historiography.It is argued that the nature of a discipline is partly defined by its researchers and its roles,but more importantly,by its origin,major research topics and objectives,basic research theories,methodologies and paradigms,as well as its relations with cognate disciplines.And each of the above factors is elaborated on to illuminate the dual disciplinary nature of educational historiography.From the perspective of educational science,what reflects the nature of education the best is people’s“educational activities,”which can be defined as the aggregate of specific activities directed to promoting valuable human development,and the various ways educators and learners participate and interact in the educational process.This paper maintains that the history of educational activities constitutes an upside-down triangle relation with the histories of educational thoughts and system.The history of educational activities is the origin,premise and foundation,whereas the latter two are the derivatives and results.Therefore,the history of educational activities must be studied as part of the research on the history of education.
