Thanks to the strong perpendicular magnetic anisotropy(PMA), excellent processing compatibility as well as novel spintronic phenomenon, Co/Pt multilayers have been attracting massive attention and widely used in magne...Thanks to the strong perpendicular magnetic anisotropy(PMA), excellent processing compatibility as well as novel spintronic phenomenon, Co/Pt multilayers have been attracting massive attention and widely used in magnetic storage.However, reversed magnetic domains come into being with the increasing layer repetition ‘N’ to reduce magneto-static energy, resulting in the remarkable diminishment of the remanent magnetization(Mr). As a result, the product of Mrand thickness(i.e., the remanent moment-thickness product, Mrt), a key parameter in magnetic recording for reliable data storing and reading, also decreases dramatically. To overcome this issue, we deposit an ultra-thick granular [Co/Pt]80multilayer with a total thickness of 68 nm on granular SiNxbuffer layer. The Mrt value, Mrto saturation magnetization(Ms) ratio as well as out of plane(OOP) coercivity(Hcoop) are high up to 2.97 memu/cm^(2), 67%, and 1940 Oe(1 Oe = 79.5775 A·m^(-1)),respectively, which is remarkably improved compared with that of continuous [Co/Pt]80multilayers. That is because large amounts of grain boundaries in the granular multilayers can efficiently impede the propagation and expansion of reversed magnetic domains, which is verified by experimental investigations and micromagnetic simulation results. The simulation results also indicate that the value of Mrt, Mr/Msratio, and Hcoopcan be further improved through optimizing the granule size, which can be experimentally realized by manipulating the process parameter of SiNxbuffer layer. This work provides an alternative solution for achieving high Mrt value in ultra-thick Co/Pt multilayers, which is of unneglectable potential in applications of high-density magnetic recording.展开更多
AIM:To establish a recording system with a direct view of the surgeon to supplement video recording under an operating microscope,which lacks information on the movement and position of the surgeon’s hands,and to fac...AIM:To establish a recording system with a direct view of the surgeon to supplement video recording under an operating microscope,which lacks information on the movement and position of the surgeon’s hands,and to facilitate the reproduction of a skilled surgeon’s technique by a surgeon in training.METHODS:A small camera was attached to the operating microscope with a custom adapter.Microscopic surgeon’s view and direct surgeon’s view through this new camera were recorded in the surgical recording system.Both movies were synchronized and analyzed how do surgeons handle the instruments.RESULTS:A small camera attached to the operating microscope allowed the surgeon’s hands motion to be recorded without interfering with the surgeon’s movements.Different surgeons used different methods to manipulate the ultrasound handpiece and the irrigation/aspiration device.Even in the simple paracentesis procedure,different surgeons used different methods.Surgeons-in-training were able to identify and improve their weaknesses by watching synchronized movies of their hand motions and microscopic view.CONCLUSION:Simultaneous recording the surgical field out of the operating microscopic view by a small camera set on the microscope is comprehensive and improves surgeons-in-training understanding and learning surgeries.展开更多
目的:为解决传统临床病种库系统存在的依赖大量人工判断、缺乏辅助标注、电子病历数据可用性差等问题,设计一种基于后结构化技术的临床病种库系统。方法:先通过I2B2标准以及双向长短期记忆网络(bi-directional long short-term memory,B...目的:为解决传统临床病种库系统存在的依赖大量人工判断、缺乏辅助标注、电子病历数据可用性差等问题,设计一种基于后结构化技术的临床病种库系统。方法:先通过I2B2标准以及双向长短期记忆网络(bi-directional long short-term memory,BiLSTM)模型构建实体识别模型,形成病历模板库,然后组合病历模板库形成关系模板,抽取复杂的医学实体,实现电子病历的后结构化。之后,基于电子病历后结构化技术构建包括病历结构化、结构化评估、数据标注、常规功能和系统管理5个模块的临床病种库系统。结果:该系统可以将电子病历文本转化为结构化语言,提供更精细化的数据要素提取、更智能的结构化服务,提高了临床和科研工作的效率。结论:该系统提高了临床病种的数据可用性,减轻了用户数据加工的工作强度,保证了数据应用的高质量,为医学研究、临床辅助决策打下了坚实的基础。展开更多
【目的】丰富山西省被子植物种质资源信息,促进中条山生物多样性和森林生态系统研究。【方法】在大量野外植被调查工作基础上,通过标本鉴定、资料查阅和专家咨询,对中条山植物标本、典型特征照片进行整理。【结果】小酸模(Rumex acetose...【目的】丰富山西省被子植物种质资源信息,促进中条山生物多样性和森林生态系统研究。【方法】在大量野外植被调查工作基础上,通过标本鉴定、资料查阅和专家咨询,对中条山植物标本、典型特征照片进行整理。【结果】小酸模(Rumex acetosella L.)、伏毛银莲花(Anemone narcissiflora subsp.protracta(Ulbrich) Ziman&Fedoronczuk)、弯曲碎米荠(Cardamine flexuosa With.)、卢氏凤仙花(Impatiens lushiensis Y. L. Chen)、小酸浆(Physalis minima L.)等5种被子植物在山西未有分布记录。【结论】该5种植物隶属于5科5属,为山西省被子植物分布新记录,新记录发现不仅丰富了山西省被子植物种质资源信息,而且对研究中条山生物多样性和森林生态系统具有重要意义。展开更多
在当今数字化时代,海量数据的生成和积累呈现出爆炸式增长的趋势,因此对存储容量的需求急速上升.传统磁记录磁盘CMR因其高容量和低成本而被视为解决海量数据存储的首选.然而,由于超顺磁效应的制约,CMR(Conventional Magnetic Recording...在当今数字化时代,海量数据的生成和积累呈现出爆炸式增长的趋势,因此对存储容量的需求急速上升.传统磁记录磁盘CMR因其高容量和低成本而被视为解决海量数据存储的首选.然而,由于超顺磁效应的制约,CMR(Conventional Magnetic Recording)磁盘面密度的提升已触及极限.为了突破这一限制,叠瓦式磁记录技术SMR(Shingled Magnetic Recording)应运而生.基于传统硬盘架构,该技术以重叠磁道的方式,显著提升了磁盘面密度.但SMR磁盘在处理随机写时,会产生不可预测的写放大效应,从而严重影响I/O性能.为解决这一问题,业界随即提出了交错式磁记录技术IMR(Interlaced Magnetic Recording),利用优化的磁道布局和热辅助磁记录技术,有效实现了存储容量与性能的平衡.本文首先详细介绍了SMR和IMR的技术原理和磁盘类型,并量化分析了影响设备I/O性能的关键问题.然后,重点介绍了设备级优化方案,分析并总结了不同策略的优缺点与优化目标.接着,概述了面向设备的系统级和应用级设计方案,如文件系统、独立磁盘阵列技术和数据库等.最后讨论了在未来优化SMR磁盘和IMR磁盘性能可能的研究方向.展开更多
鸟类多样性是生物多样性的重要组成部分,相对完整的鸟类资源名录对于理解地区生物多样性及资源分布现状是十分必要的.《宁夏脊椎动物志》出版至今的30余年里,陆续有宁夏鸟类分布新记录报道,在《中国鸟类分类与分布名录》(第四版)新的现...鸟类多样性是生物多样性的重要组成部分,相对完整的鸟类资源名录对于理解地区生物多样性及资源分布现状是十分必要的.《宁夏脊椎动物志》出版至今的30余年里,陆续有宁夏鸟类分布新记录报道,在《中国鸟类分类与分布名录》(第四版)新的现代鸟类分类系统下,宁夏的鸟类资源缺乏最新的资源名录,这给相关研究工作带来不便.依据《中国鸟类分类与分布名录》(第四版)分类系统,以《宁夏脊椎动物志》中鸟类种类统计为基础,结合宁夏鸟类新记录文献资料,对宁夏的鸟类资源进行重新整理统计,形成最新的宁夏鸟类资源名录.结果表明,截至2023年6月底,宁夏现有野生鸟类21目68科204属419种(446种及亚种),有国家一级重点保护鸟类19种、国家二级重点保护鸟类79种.在区系组成上,古北种鸟类有290种(占总种数的69.21%)、东洋种鸟类有45种(占总种数的10.74%)、广布种有84种(占总种数的20.05%),古北种鸟类占绝对优势.被世界自然保护联盟(International Union for Conservation of Nature,IUCN)评估列入红色濒危物种名录的极危(CR)有2种、濒危(EN)有5种、易危(VU)有13种、近危(NT)有14种;被列入濒危野生动植物种国际贸易公约(The Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora,CITES)附录I的有7种、附录II的有21种.鸟类物种多样性指数中属间的多样性(G指数)为4.9731,科间的多样性(F指数)为39.3543,G-F指数为0.8736,显示出宁夏鸟类的物种多样性丰富.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 51901008)the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2021YFB3201800)。
文摘Thanks to the strong perpendicular magnetic anisotropy(PMA), excellent processing compatibility as well as novel spintronic phenomenon, Co/Pt multilayers have been attracting massive attention and widely used in magnetic storage.However, reversed magnetic domains come into being with the increasing layer repetition ‘N’ to reduce magneto-static energy, resulting in the remarkable diminishment of the remanent magnetization(Mr). As a result, the product of Mrand thickness(i.e., the remanent moment-thickness product, Mrt), a key parameter in magnetic recording for reliable data storing and reading, also decreases dramatically. To overcome this issue, we deposit an ultra-thick granular [Co/Pt]80multilayer with a total thickness of 68 nm on granular SiNxbuffer layer. The Mrt value, Mrto saturation magnetization(Ms) ratio as well as out of plane(OOP) coercivity(Hcoop) are high up to 2.97 memu/cm^(2), 67%, and 1940 Oe(1 Oe = 79.5775 A·m^(-1)),respectively, which is remarkably improved compared with that of continuous [Co/Pt]80multilayers. That is because large amounts of grain boundaries in the granular multilayers can efficiently impede the propagation and expansion of reversed magnetic domains, which is verified by experimental investigations and micromagnetic simulation results. The simulation results also indicate that the value of Mrt, Mr/Msratio, and Hcoopcan be further improved through optimizing the granule size, which can be experimentally realized by manipulating the process parameter of SiNxbuffer layer. This work provides an alternative solution for achieving high Mrt value in ultra-thick Co/Pt multilayers, which is of unneglectable potential in applications of high-density magnetic recording.
文摘AIM:To establish a recording system with a direct view of the surgeon to supplement video recording under an operating microscope,which lacks information on the movement and position of the surgeon’s hands,and to facilitate the reproduction of a skilled surgeon’s technique by a surgeon in training.METHODS:A small camera was attached to the operating microscope with a custom adapter.Microscopic surgeon’s view and direct surgeon’s view through this new camera were recorded in the surgical recording system.Both movies were synchronized and analyzed how do surgeons handle the instruments.RESULTS:A small camera attached to the operating microscope allowed the surgeon’s hands motion to be recorded without interfering with the surgeon’s movements.Different surgeons used different methods to manipulate the ultrasound handpiece and the irrigation/aspiration device.Even in the simple paracentesis procedure,different surgeons used different methods.Surgeons-in-training were able to identify and improve their weaknesses by watching synchronized movies of their hand motions and microscopic view.CONCLUSION:Simultaneous recording the surgical field out of the operating microscopic view by a small camera set on the microscope is comprehensive and improves surgeons-in-training understanding and learning surgeries.
文摘目的:为解决传统临床病种库系统存在的依赖大量人工判断、缺乏辅助标注、电子病历数据可用性差等问题,设计一种基于后结构化技术的临床病种库系统。方法:先通过I2B2标准以及双向长短期记忆网络(bi-directional long short-term memory,BiLSTM)模型构建实体识别模型,形成病历模板库,然后组合病历模板库形成关系模板,抽取复杂的医学实体,实现电子病历的后结构化。之后,基于电子病历后结构化技术构建包括病历结构化、结构化评估、数据标注、常规功能和系统管理5个模块的临床病种库系统。结果:该系统可以将电子病历文本转化为结构化语言,提供更精细化的数据要素提取、更智能的结构化服务,提高了临床和科研工作的效率。结论:该系统提高了临床病种的数据可用性,减轻了用户数据加工的工作强度,保证了数据应用的高质量,为医学研究、临床辅助决策打下了坚实的基础。
文摘【目的】丰富山西省被子植物种质资源信息,促进中条山生物多样性和森林生态系统研究。【方法】在大量野外植被调查工作基础上,通过标本鉴定、资料查阅和专家咨询,对中条山植物标本、典型特征照片进行整理。【结果】小酸模(Rumex acetosella L.)、伏毛银莲花(Anemone narcissiflora subsp.protracta(Ulbrich) Ziman&Fedoronczuk)、弯曲碎米荠(Cardamine flexuosa With.)、卢氏凤仙花(Impatiens lushiensis Y. L. Chen)、小酸浆(Physalis minima L.)等5种被子植物在山西未有分布记录。【结论】该5种植物隶属于5科5属,为山西省被子植物分布新记录,新记录发现不仅丰富了山西省被子植物种质资源信息,而且对研究中条山生物多样性和森林生态系统具有重要意义。
文摘在当今数字化时代,海量数据的生成和积累呈现出爆炸式增长的趋势,因此对存储容量的需求急速上升.传统磁记录磁盘CMR因其高容量和低成本而被视为解决海量数据存储的首选.然而,由于超顺磁效应的制约,CMR(Conventional Magnetic Recording)磁盘面密度的提升已触及极限.为了突破这一限制,叠瓦式磁记录技术SMR(Shingled Magnetic Recording)应运而生.基于传统硬盘架构,该技术以重叠磁道的方式,显著提升了磁盘面密度.但SMR磁盘在处理随机写时,会产生不可预测的写放大效应,从而严重影响I/O性能.为解决这一问题,业界随即提出了交错式磁记录技术IMR(Interlaced Magnetic Recording),利用优化的磁道布局和热辅助磁记录技术,有效实现了存储容量与性能的平衡.本文首先详细介绍了SMR和IMR的技术原理和磁盘类型,并量化分析了影响设备I/O性能的关键问题.然后,重点介绍了设备级优化方案,分析并总结了不同策略的优缺点与优化目标.接着,概述了面向设备的系统级和应用级设计方案,如文件系统、独立磁盘阵列技术和数据库等.最后讨论了在未来优化SMR磁盘和IMR磁盘性能可能的研究方向.
文摘鸟类多样性是生物多样性的重要组成部分,相对完整的鸟类资源名录对于理解地区生物多样性及资源分布现状是十分必要的.《宁夏脊椎动物志》出版至今的30余年里,陆续有宁夏鸟类分布新记录报道,在《中国鸟类分类与分布名录》(第四版)新的现代鸟类分类系统下,宁夏的鸟类资源缺乏最新的资源名录,这给相关研究工作带来不便.依据《中国鸟类分类与分布名录》(第四版)分类系统,以《宁夏脊椎动物志》中鸟类种类统计为基础,结合宁夏鸟类新记录文献资料,对宁夏的鸟类资源进行重新整理统计,形成最新的宁夏鸟类资源名录.结果表明,截至2023年6月底,宁夏现有野生鸟类21目68科204属419种(446种及亚种),有国家一级重点保护鸟类19种、国家二级重点保护鸟类79种.在区系组成上,古北种鸟类有290种(占总种数的69.21%)、东洋种鸟类有45种(占总种数的10.74%)、广布种有84种(占总种数的20.05%),古北种鸟类占绝对优势.被世界自然保护联盟(International Union for Conservation of Nature,IUCN)评估列入红色濒危物种名录的极危(CR)有2种、濒危(EN)有5种、易危(VU)有13种、近危(NT)有14种;被列入濒危野生动植物种国际贸易公约(The Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora,CITES)附录I的有7种、附录II的有21种.鸟类物种多样性指数中属间的多样性(G指数)为4.9731,科间的多样性(F指数)为39.3543,G-F指数为0.8736,显示出宁夏鸟类的物种多样性丰富.