The deformations and stresses of a rotating cylindrical hollow disk made of incompressible functionally-graded hyper-elastic material are theoretically analyzed based on the finite elasticity theory.The hyper-elastic ...The deformations and stresses of a rotating cylindrical hollow disk made of incompressible functionally-graded hyper-elastic material are theoretically analyzed based on the finite elasticity theory.The hyper-elastic material is described by a new micro-macro transition model.Specially,the material shear modulus and density are assumed to be a function with a power law form through the radial direction,while the material inhomogeneity is thus reflected on the power index m.The integral forms of the stretches and stress components are obtained.With the obtained complicated integral forms,the composite trapezoidal rule is utilized to derive the analytical solutions,and the explicit solutions for both the stretches and the stress components are numerically obtained.By comparing the results with two classic models,the superiority of the model in our work is demonstrated.Then,the distributions of the stretches and normalized stress components are discussed in detail under the effects of m.The results indicate that the material inhomogeneity and the rotating angular velocity have significant effects on the distributions of the normalized radial and hoop stress components and the stretches.We believe that by appropriately choosing the material inhomogeneity and configuration parameters,the functionally-graded material(FGM)hyper-elastic hollow cylindrical disk can be designed to meet some unique requirements in the application fields,e.g.,soft robotics,medical devices,and conventional aerospace and mechanical industries.展开更多
Electroslag casting(ESC)is an important method to produce high quality castings.In this study,the ESC up-pulling inner mold method(EUPIM)was used to produce hollow cylindrical castings with the multiple consumable ele...Electroslag casting(ESC)is an important method to produce high quality castings.In this study,the ESC up-pulling inner mold method(EUPIM)was used to produce hollow cylindrical castings with the multiple consumable electrodes.The radial deformation,the axial and radial internal stress of the inner mold,and the axial internal stress of the slag shell were analyzed using the finite element method(FEM)with the aid of ANSYS software.The ProCAST software was used to calculate the specific heat,heat conductivity and density curve of Cu.Simulation results show that the radial deformation,the axial and radial internal stress of the inner mold,and the axial internal stress of the slag shell near the slag-metal interface of hollow cylndrical casting gradually increase from 0 s to 360 s after the ESC starting(slagging)process but before applying the up-pulling force.The suitable initial up-pulling moment of the inner mold is at around 180-198 s after the starting process.展开更多
Based on new rolling-sliding compound bearings,the wear between the one-way spiral hollow cylindrical roller and the ribs of the inner and outer ring of rolling-sliding compound bearings is reduced by innovational str...Based on new rolling-sliding compound bearings,the wear between the one-way spiral hollow cylindrical roller and the ribs of the inner and outer ring of rolling-sliding compound bearings is reduced by innovational structural design. A new left-right spiral hollow cylindrical roller is proposed to replace the one-way spiral hollow cylindrical roller. The finite element analysis models of ordinary cylindrical rollers,one-way spiral hollow cylindrical rollers and left-right spiral hollow cylindrical rollers are respectively established by ABAQUS.The axial displacement of their center mass and the stress distribution of left-right spiral hollow cylindrical rollers are compared and analyzed. Theoretical study results show that this new left-right spiral hollow cylindrical roller not only inherits the advantages of one-way spiral hollow cylindrical rollers,but also avoids the axial offset and the serious wear of the one-way spiral hollow cylindrical roller. And the theory research conclusion is verified by the experiment. The left-right spiral hollow cylindrical roller has the advantages to overcome boundary stress concentration like logarithmic convex roller. The rolling-sliding compound bearings equipped with the new rollers can be better to adapt to the impact of vibration load.展开更多
A new structure design method of elastic composite cylindrical roller bearing is proposed, in which PTFE is embedded into a hollow cylindrical rolling element, according to the principle of creative combinations and t...A new structure design method of elastic composite cylindrical roller bearing is proposed, in which PTFE is embedded into a hollow cylindrical rolling element, according to the principle of creative combinations and through innovation research on cylindrical roller bearing structure. In order to systematically investigate the inner wall bending stress of the rolling element in elastic composite cylindrical roller bearing, finite element analysis on different elastic composite cylindrical rolling elements was conducted. The results show that, the bending stress of the elastic composite cylindrical rolling increases along with the increase of hollowness with the same filling material. The bending stress of the elastic composite cylindrical rolling element decreases along with the increase of the elasticity modulus of the material under the same physical dimension. Under the same load, on hollow cylindrical rolling element, the maximum bending tensile stress values of the elastic composite cylindrical rolling element after material filling at 0° and 180° are 8.2% and 9.5%, respectively, lower than those of the deep cavity hollow cylindrical rolling element. In addition, the maximum bending-compressive stress value at 90° is decreased by 6.1%.展开更多
Although solar steam generation is an eco-friendly approach for desalinating seawater and purifying wastewater,there are still issues on how to improve the efficiency of solar energy utilization and accelerate the wat...Although solar steam generation is an eco-friendly approach for desalinating seawater and purifying wastewater,there are still issues on how to improve the efficiency of solar energy utilization and accelerate the water and heat transport inside the solardriven water evaporators.Herein,we design a central hollow cylindrical reduced graphene oxide(RGO)foam with vertically and radially orientated channels as a solar steam generation device for efficient water evaporation and purification.The vertically aligned porous channels accelerate upward transport of water to the top evaporation surface,while the radially aligned porous channels facilitate water transport and heat transfer along the radial directions for fully utilizing the heat accumulated inside the central cylindrical hole of the foam.The central hole of the foam plays a highly positive role in accumulating more heat for accelerating the water evaporation,the newly generated inner sidewall resulted from the central hole can gain extra thermal energy from surrounding environment in the same way as the outer sidewall of the foam due to the surface cooling effect of the water evaporation.As a result,the vertically and radially aligned RGO foam evaporator with central hollow cylinder achieves a high solar steam generation rate of 2.32 kg·m^(−2)·h^(−1)with an exceptional energy conversion efficiency of 120.9%under 1-sun irradiation,superior to the vertically aligned RGO foam without the central hole(1.83 kg·m^(−2)·h^(−1),96.9%)because of the enhanced water and heat transfer inside the porous channels,the efficient utilization of environmental energy.展开更多
Bearings are key components of cone bit,thus its rapid failure is a major cause of leading to lower life of the bit.To improve the bearing performance and prolong working life,contact mechanics of hollow cylindrical r...Bearings are key components of cone bit,thus its rapid failure is a major cause of leading to lower life of the bit.To improve the bearing performance and prolong working life,contact mechanics of hollow cylindrical roller bearing of cone bit was simulated.Effects of hollow size,drilling pressure,friction coefficient and fitting clearance on mechanics performance of the bearing were studied.The results show that the maximum equivalent stress of the hollow cylindrical roller bearing appears on the claw journal,and the maximum contact stress appears on the contact pair of the hollow roller.Besides,hollow sizes have a greater impact on the equivalent stress and contact stress of the cylindrical roller,while the influence on the stress of the cone and claw journal is relatively small.With the increasing of the drilling pressure and fitting clearance,equivalent stress and contact stress of bearing parts increase.The friction coefficient has little impact on mechanical performance of the bearing.As the 121/4SWPI517 type hollow cylindrical roller bearing of cone bit an example,the optimal hollow size is 55%,the drilling pressure is 140 kN and the fitting clearance is 0e0.02 mm.展开更多
研制了一个轴对称的适用于中空圆柱试样的热固结试验装置。该装置可独立施加和控制试样内、外的温度荷载,并保持试样径向温度梯度的存在,且可施加径向固结压力,适用于特定的温度和应力耦合作用路径的试验。进行了一种饱和黏性土的热固...研制了一个轴对称的适用于中空圆柱试样的热固结试验装置。该装置可独立施加和控制试样内、外的温度荷载,并保持试样径向温度梯度的存在,且可施加径向固结压力,适用于特定的温度和应力耦合作用路径的试验。进行了一种饱和黏性土的热固结试验,即在试样内边界和外边界交替逐级施加范围为25℃~75℃的温度荷载,包括径向压力为50,100,150,200 k Pa的4种情形,分析了孔隙水压力及热固结体应变随时间的演化过程。研究表明,加热等级和加热次序不同,在同样的最终温度荷载下孔隙水压力稳定后的最大值有较大差异而体应变也不同,实际上反映了温度荷载作用路径对试样热固结效应的显著影响。展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.11972144)the Shanxi Province Specialized Research and Development Breakthrough in Key Core and Generic Technologies(Key Research and Development Program)(No.2020XXX017)the Fundamental Research Program of Shanxi Province of China(No.202203021211134)。
文摘The deformations and stresses of a rotating cylindrical hollow disk made of incompressible functionally-graded hyper-elastic material are theoretically analyzed based on the finite elasticity theory.The hyper-elastic material is described by a new micro-macro transition model.Specially,the material shear modulus and density are assumed to be a function with a power law form through the radial direction,while the material inhomogeneity is thus reflected on the power index m.The integral forms of the stretches and stress components are obtained.With the obtained complicated integral forms,the composite trapezoidal rule is utilized to derive the analytical solutions,and the explicit solutions for both the stretches and the stress components are numerically obtained.By comparing the results with two classic models,the superiority of the model in our work is demonstrated.Then,the distributions of the stretches and normalized stress components are discussed in detail under the effects of m.The results indicate that the material inhomogeneity and the rotating angular velocity have significant effects on the distributions of the normalized radial and hoop stress components and the stretches.We believe that by appropriately choosing the material inhomogeneity and configuration parameters,the functionally-graded material(FGM)hyper-elastic hollow cylindrical disk can be designed to meet some unique requirements in the application fields,e.g.,soft robotics,medical devices,and conventional aerospace and mechanical industries.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos:51674070,U1560203,51434004,51475313)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China(Grant no.:N162504006)
文摘Electroslag casting(ESC)is an important method to produce high quality castings.In this study,the ESC up-pulling inner mold method(EUPIM)was used to produce hollow cylindrical castings with the multiple consumable electrodes.The radial deformation,the axial and radial internal stress of the inner mold,and the axial internal stress of the slag shell were analyzed using the finite element method(FEM)with the aid of ANSYS software.The ProCAST software was used to calculate the specific heat,heat conductivity and density curve of Cu.Simulation results show that the radial deformation,the axial and radial internal stress of the inner mold,and the axial internal stress of the slag shell near the slag-metal interface of hollow cylndrical casting gradually increase from 0 s to 360 s after the ESC starting(slagging)process but before applying the up-pulling force.The suitable initial up-pulling moment of the inner mold is at around 180-198 s after the starting process.
基金Sponsored by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.51065009)the Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province Education Department of China(Grant No.GJJ14392GJJ14360)
文摘Based on new rolling-sliding compound bearings,the wear between the one-way spiral hollow cylindrical roller and the ribs of the inner and outer ring of rolling-sliding compound bearings is reduced by innovational structural design. A new left-right spiral hollow cylindrical roller is proposed to replace the one-way spiral hollow cylindrical roller. The finite element analysis models of ordinary cylindrical rollers,one-way spiral hollow cylindrical rollers and left-right spiral hollow cylindrical rollers are respectively established by ABAQUS.The axial displacement of their center mass and the stress distribution of left-right spiral hollow cylindrical rollers are compared and analyzed. Theoretical study results show that this new left-right spiral hollow cylindrical roller not only inherits the advantages of one-way spiral hollow cylindrical rollers,but also avoids the axial offset and the serious wear of the one-way spiral hollow cylindrical roller. And the theory research conclusion is verified by the experiment. The left-right spiral hollow cylindrical roller has the advantages to overcome boundary stress concentration like logarithmic convex roller. The rolling-sliding compound bearings equipped with the new rollers can be better to adapt to the impact of vibration load.
基金Project(51175168)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProjects(2011GK3148,2012GK3092)supported by Science and Technology Program of Hunan Province,China
文摘A new structure design method of elastic composite cylindrical roller bearing is proposed, in which PTFE is embedded into a hollow cylindrical rolling element, according to the principle of creative combinations and through innovation research on cylindrical roller bearing structure. In order to systematically investigate the inner wall bending stress of the rolling element in elastic composite cylindrical roller bearing, finite element analysis on different elastic composite cylindrical rolling elements was conducted. The results show that, the bending stress of the elastic composite cylindrical rolling increases along with the increase of hollowness with the same filling material. The bending stress of the elastic composite cylindrical rolling element decreases along with the increase of the elasticity modulus of the material under the same physical dimension. Under the same load, on hollow cylindrical rolling element, the maximum bending tensile stress values of the elastic composite cylindrical rolling element after material filling at 0° and 180° are 8.2% and 9.5%, respectively, lower than those of the deep cavity hollow cylindrical rolling element. In addition, the maximum bending-compressive stress value at 90° is decreased by 6.1%.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.U1905217,52090034,and 51773008)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.XK1802)is gratefully acknowledged.
文摘Although solar steam generation is an eco-friendly approach for desalinating seawater and purifying wastewater,there are still issues on how to improve the efficiency of solar energy utilization and accelerate the water and heat transport inside the solardriven water evaporators.Herein,we design a central hollow cylindrical reduced graphene oxide(RGO)foam with vertically and radially orientated channels as a solar steam generation device for efficient water evaporation and purification.The vertically aligned porous channels accelerate upward transport of water to the top evaporation surface,while the radially aligned porous channels facilitate water transport and heat transfer along the radial directions for fully utilizing the heat accumulated inside the central cylindrical hole of the foam.The central hole of the foam plays a highly positive role in accumulating more heat for accelerating the water evaporation,the newly generated inner sidewall resulted from the central hole can gain extra thermal energy from surrounding environment in the same way as the outer sidewall of the foam due to the surface cooling effect of the water evaporation.As a result,the vertically and radially aligned RGO foam evaporator with central hollow cylinder achieves a high solar steam generation rate of 2.32 kg·m^(−2)·h^(−1)with an exceptional energy conversion efficiency of 120.9%under 1-sun irradiation,superior to the vertically aligned RGO foam without the central hole(1.83 kg·m^(−2)·h^(−1),96.9%)because of the enhanced water and heat transfer inside the porous channels,the efficient utilization of environmental energy.
基金Projects(51604109, 52004328) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProjects(22B0507, 19B193, 20C0796, 21C0317) supported by the Scientific Research Foundation of Hunan Province Education Department, China。
基金The authors gratefully acknowledge finance of this study that was supported by Science and Technology Innovation Talent Engineering Project of Sichuan Province(2014-025)Natural Science Foundation of China(51474180).
文摘Bearings are key components of cone bit,thus its rapid failure is a major cause of leading to lower life of the bit.To improve the bearing performance and prolong working life,contact mechanics of hollow cylindrical roller bearing of cone bit was simulated.Effects of hollow size,drilling pressure,friction coefficient and fitting clearance on mechanics performance of the bearing were studied.The results show that the maximum equivalent stress of the hollow cylindrical roller bearing appears on the claw journal,and the maximum contact stress appears on the contact pair of the hollow roller.Besides,hollow sizes have a greater impact on the equivalent stress and contact stress of the cylindrical roller,while the influence on the stress of the cone and claw journal is relatively small.With the increasing of the drilling pressure and fitting clearance,equivalent stress and contact stress of bearing parts increase.The friction coefficient has little impact on mechanical performance of the bearing.As the 121/4SWPI517 type hollow cylindrical roller bearing of cone bit an example,the optimal hollow size is 55%,the drilling pressure is 140 kN and the fitting clearance is 0e0.02 mm.
文摘研制了一个轴对称的适用于中空圆柱试样的热固结试验装置。该装置可独立施加和控制试样内、外的温度荷载,并保持试样径向温度梯度的存在,且可施加径向固结压力,适用于特定的温度和应力耦合作用路径的试验。进行了一种饱和黏性土的热固结试验,即在试样内边界和外边界交替逐级施加范围为25℃~75℃的温度荷载,包括径向压力为50,100,150,200 k Pa的4种情形,分析了孔隙水压力及热固结体应变随时间的演化过程。研究表明,加热等级和加热次序不同,在同样的最终温度荷载下孔隙水压力稳定后的最大值有较大差异而体应变也不同,实际上反映了温度荷载作用路径对试样热固结效应的显著影响。
