Quantum polarization fluctuations of partially coherent dark hollow beams in non-Kolmogorov turbulence atmosphere

Non-classical polarization properties of dark hollow beams propagating through non-Kolmogorov turbulence are studied. The analytic equation for the polarization degree of the quantization partially coherent dark hollow beams is obtained.It is found that the polarization fluctuations of the quantization partially coherent dark hollow beams are dependent on the turbulence factors and beam parameters with the detection photon numbers. Furthermore, an investigation of the changes in the on-axis propagation point and off-axis propagation point shows that the polarization degree of the quantization partially coherent dark hollow beams presents oscillation for a short propagation distance and gradually returns to zero for a sufficiently long distance.

Generation of diffraction-free vectorial elliptic hollow beams with space-varying inhomogeneous polarizations

Diffraction-free vectorial elliptic hollow beams(vEHBs)are generated by an optical system composed of a short elliptic hollow fiber(EHF)and an axicon.Each beam has a closed elliptic annular intensity profile and space-varying polarization states in its diffraction-free distance of more than 1 m.The generated beams have a counter-clockwise or clockwise periodically-rotated inhomogeneous polarization.And the spin angular momentum(SAM)of the vEHBs is 1ħor-1ħwhich is consistent with the type of dual-mode in the EHF and the periodic polarization rotations of the vEHBs.The vEHBs have potential applications in optically trapping and micromanipulating the micro-or nano-particles,quantum information transmission,and Bose-Einstein condensates,etc.

Effects of edge beams on mechanic behavior under lateral load in reinforced concrete hollow slab-column structure

In order to get the formulae for calculating the equivalent frame width coefficient of reinforced concrete hollow slab-column structures with edge beam,the finite element structural program was used in the elastic analysis of reinforced concrete hollow slab-column structure with different dimensions to study internal relationship between effective beam width and the frame dimensions.In addition,the formulas for calculating the increasing coefficient of edge beam were also obtained.

Hollow Gaussian beams in strongly nonlocal nonlinear media

The propagation of hollow Gaussian beams in strongly nonlocal nonlinear media is studied in detail. Two analytical expressions are derived. For hollow Gaussian beams, the intensity distribution always evolves periodically. However the second-order moment beam width can keep invariant during propagation if the input power is equal to the critical power. The interaction of two hollow Gaussian beams and the vortical hollow Gaussian beams are also discussed. The vortical hollow Gaussian beams with an appropriate topological charge can keep their shapes invariant during propagation.

A dark hollow beam from a selectively liquid-filled photonic crystal fibre

This paper reports that, based on the electromagnetic scattering theory of the multipole method, a high-quality hollow beam is produced through a selectively liquid-filled photonic crystal fibre. Instead of a doughnut shape, a typical hollow beam is produced by other methods; the mode-field images of the hollow-beam photonic crystal fibre satisfy sixth-order rotation symmetry, according to the symmetry of the photonic crystal fibre （PCF） structure. A dark spot size of the liquid-filled photonic crystal fibre-generated hollow beam can be tuned by inserting liquid into the cladding region and varying the photonic crystal fibre structure parameters. The liquid-filled PCF makes a convenient and flexible tool for the guiding and trapping of atoms and the creation of all-fibre optical tweezers.

Vibration Serviceability of Large-Span Steel–Concrete Composite Beam with Precast Hollow Core Slabs Under Walking Impact

A large-span steel–concrete composite beam with precast hollow core slabs(CBHCSs)is a relatively new floor structure that can be applied to various long-span structures.However,human-induced vibrations may present serviceability issues in such structures.To alleviate vibrations,both the walking forces excited by humans and the associated floor responses must be elucidated.In this study,150 load–time histories of walking,excited by 25 test participants,are obtained using a force measuring plate.The dynamic loading factors and phase angles in the Fourier series functions for one-step walking are determined.Subsequently,walking tests are performed on seven CBHCS specimens to capture the essential dynamic properties of mode shapes,natural frequencies,damping ratios,and acceleration time histories.The CBHCS floor system generally exhibits a high frequency(>10 Hz)and low damping(damping ratio<2%).Sensitivity studies using the finite element method are conducted to investigate the vibration performance of the CBHCS floor system,where the floor thickness,steel beam type,contact time,and human weight are considered.Finally,analytical expressions derived for the fundamental frequency and peak acceleration agree well with the experimental results and are hence proposed for practical use.

Physico-Mechanical Characterizations of Sand Concrete: Prestressed Beams and Hollow Bricks

The use of the sand concrete makes it possible to carry out a concrete having physico-mechanical properties answering the structural exigences and having economic and environmental advantages compared to the classical concrete. The present study aims to connecting the parameters of a formulation based on an empirical formula of Caquot in order to optimize, on the one hand the couple compressive strength/absorption of water under various degrees of hygrometry, and on the other hand more precisely to use the concrete sand in the public works sector in the prefabrication of prestressed beams and hollow bricks. The results show the importance of the type of formulation used because it takes into account the percentages of fillers of sand which is a co-product (waste) of massive rock crushing. In addition, the use of fillerized sands, which are wastes of crushing basaltic rocks and containing a small percentage of fillers, is efficient in the manufacture of prestressed beams. As for the hollow bricks, a fillerized basalt sand, containing a high percentage of filler, as well as a sand dune, gives satisfactory results.

工字形钢梁-矩形钢管柱单向螺栓节点抗弯承载力理论计算方法

针对工字形纯钢梁和钢-混凝土组合梁分别与矩形钢管柱和矩形钢管混凝土柱采用单向螺栓(也称单边拧紧螺栓)连接形成的4种节点形式,对其在弯矩作用下的受力机理及破坏模式进行分析,讨论导致节点失效的因素。总结节点在弯矩作用下的9种失效模式,包括:单向螺栓拉断、端板受弯屈服、矩形钢管柱壁翼板受拉屈服、矩形钢管柱壁翼板受压屈服、矩形钢管柱壁腹板受压屈曲、混凝土楼板局部压溃、钢筋屈服、矩形钢管柱内混凝土局部压溃、矩形钢管柱壁腹板受压屈服,进而基于破坏模式给出节点各组件承载力的计算公式。对4种节点在不同破坏模式下的正弯矩承载力和负弯矩承载力进行分析,给出节点承载力计算公式。将节点抗弯承载力的理论计算结果与试验结果进行对比,验证理论计算方法的可靠性。

市政宽幅空心板梁桥加固设计关键技术

针对当前普遍暴露出来的装配式空心板梁桥病害,以武汉市三环线地面层五座空心板梁桥维修加固工程为背景,进行维修加固设计,提出的主要设计方法包括:梁体横向分块依次整体顶升的施工方案;新支座垫块双层设计;可根据现场实际情况进行适时调整的三种不同的支座垫块与墩台帽梁连接方式;铰缝跨缝植筋处理。施工过程及运营情况表明,这些设计方法在增加了施工的便利性,缩短了工期的同时,起到了良好的加固效果,有效恢复并提高了结构的整体受力性能、恢复了结构耐久性。

双参数弹性基功能梯度圆柱管自由振动的高阶梁理论解

基于高阶剪切变形梁理论,推导了Winkler-Pasternak弹性基径向功能梯度空心圆柱管自由振动行为的控制方程。该方法无须引入剪切修正系数,自动满足空心圆柱管内外表面剪应力自由边界条件。通过引入辅助函数,将关于挠度和转角的耦合控制方程化为单一高阶微分控制方程。给出了典型边界条件下功能梯度空心圆柱管的频率和振型。将计算结果与已有文献结果对比,验证了所提理论的精度。可以为工程中常见的Winkler-Pasternak弹性基梁结构提供更高精度的一维弹性理论解,研究结果表明,功能梯度材料的梯度参数和弹性地基刚度系数对固有频率值影响显著。与高阶固有频率相比,刚度系数对低阶固有频率的影响更加明显。

铰缝损伤及铺装层对空心板桥横向刚度的影响

铰缝损伤是空心板桥梁较易出现的病害。为研究铺装层在铰缝损伤后对空心板桥梁横向刚度的影响,根据铰接板法理论,采用梁格法和Midas civil软件建立其有限元模型,对铰缝损伤后空心板桥梁的横向受力性能进行计算分析。研究结果表明:铺装层在空心板桥梁铰缝损伤后可起荷载横向传递的作用,提高了桥梁的横向受力性能,并且在多铰缝出现损伤时,提升效果更为明显;同时当铺装层厚度为10~20 cm时,铺装层厚度越大,桥梁的横向刚度越大,但对结构横向刚度的提升效果并不明显。

分缝护栏致空心板梁桥L型裂缝预应力控制方法研究

为提高护栏分缝桥梁的耐久性和承载力,以台金高速公路杨司高架桥预制空心板梁桥为背景,研究通过施加预应力控制因护栏分缝引起L型裂缝的有效性,并针对既有桥梁加固和新建桥梁设计提出通用的有效方法。采用Abaqus软件建立既有桥梁和新建桥梁的有限元模型,研究车道荷载作用产生的应力放大效应;分析预应力筋布置高度和长度对边梁梁底应力的影响及对既有桥梁护栏分缝导致的预应力损失;在此基础上,提出L型裂缝的预应力控制方法。结果表明:边梁应力放大系数随桥梁跨径和护栏高度的增加而增大,其取值范围为[1.42,2.14];预应力筋布置高度越低,边梁跨中梁底应力越大;预应力筋布置长度越短,既有桥梁梁底应力越大,对新建桥梁应力没有影响;分缝护栏对既有桥梁施加预应力产生损失,对新建桥梁不会产生预应力损失;在边梁跨中施加相应的预应力,可有效抵消跨中的应力集中效应,防止主梁跨中产生L型裂缝。

高功率VCSEL激光器光束发散角的测量方法

垂直腔面发射激光器(Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Laser,简称VCSEL)由于其能发射出垂直于腔面光束的特性使得多个VCSEL激光器可以在同一片芯片上紧密集成,而不需要大量的空间;且VCSEL激光器使用共振腔的反射镜来增强光并放大,从而实现高效的光发射;通常情况下,VCSEL激光器的发光效率可以达到40至60之间,与传统的激光器相比,VCSEL激光器更容易实现高效率。由于VCSEL激光器的可集成性好、效率高等特点,使其广泛应用于3D感知、自动驾驶、光通信等领域。因此,VCSEL激光器的质量检测工作也显得越来越重要。随着VCSEL激光器进军高功率领域,其发光束的模式也经历了从基模变为高阶模的过程,光束已经从类高斯光束变为了类拉盖尔-高斯空心圆环光束。虽然传统的1/e^(2)、D86等算法在测量基模下的类高斯光束的发散角较为精确,但对于高阶模式下的类拉盖尔-高斯空心圆环光束,这些方法则出现了明显的误差。考虑到VCSEL激光器在自动驾驶等重要领域的广泛应用,其光束精确度的要求也随之提高。因此,本文采用了D4σ算法,针对类拉盖尔-高斯空心圆环光束进行发散角测量,与1/e^(2)、D86等传统算法进行了比较。结果显示,新方法在发散角测量准确度上最高提升了230。

钢筋混凝土桥梁裂缝预防与维护方案

分析了空心板梁的结构特点与功能,并针对空心板梁的病害,即渗水和泛碱问题,解析其形成机理和影响,提出了在桥梁设计、施工、运营维护阶段预防渗水泛碱病害的措施及处治方案,同时指出,利用现代化技术和方法能够有效识别和监测空心板梁内部的渗水和泛碱反应迹象,采用相应的修复措施可以取得良好的效果,能够确保桥梁的健康和安全。

某空心板简支梁桥的加固及服役性能

针对在役空心板简支梁桥病害导致桥梁体系承载性能减弱的问题,采用粘贴钢板加固方法进行加固改造,以提高桥梁体系的整体性和耐久性,对加固前后桥梁特殊断面在最不利受荷状态下的最大应变和最大竖向挠度进行了测试分析。结果表明:加固后桥梁体系的刚度显著增大,并且中载和偏载条件下所产生的弹性应变和挠度远小于桥体实际承载能力。通过数值模拟方法对加固后桥梁体系的承载性能进行验算,发现桥梁刚度在有限范围内变化时,桥梁体系仍具有较好的整体性和耐久性能。

G15公路嘉金段空心板梁拼宽设计

随着时代的发展,社会对桥梁结构的建设提出了越来越高的要求.为了缓解交通压力,提升经济发展,降低工程造价,减小社会影响,越来越多的现状桥梁会被拓宽改建,继续承担着社会责任.G15公路嘉金段改扩建工程存在大量的既有桥梁改建需求,其中空心板梁拼宽,采用上部结构连接,下部结构不连接的方式.对空心板梁三种拼宽方案进行比选,同时计算分析了新建结构的沉降对现状空心板梁以及拼缝的影响.为桥梁改扩建工程的设计提供了一定的参考.

地下车库蜂巢芯空心楼盖施工技术

结合泊里镇驻地改造施工现场情况,论述了蜂巢芯空心楼盖技术在地下车库施工过程中的应用。通过对蜂巢芯空心楼盖的施工技术要点描述,从降低工程造价;方便施工、减少模板;有效缩短施工工期;有效减少混凝土收缩裂缝;加强防水、防火性能及保温、隔声性能和抗震性能;相比一次性膜壳,蜂巢芯无脱落风险等方面分析地下车库顶板采用蜂巢芯空心楼盖的优势。

梁高受限空心板桥横向连接优化设计分析

以某梁高受限的空心板漫水桥加固工程为例,通过建立有限元实体模型,详细分析了旧桥空心板梁及铰缝的受力状态,结果显示原空心板间的铰缝截面小且受力复杂,在重载作用下易破坏且影响结构横向传力,原桥设计荷载低且配筋弱,在荷载和环境作用下出现大量病害。为彻底解决桥梁结构病害,对下部结构进行加固后更换了上部结构,在梁高受限条件下设计了一种横向湿接的预应力空心板梁。经对比分析可知,新空心板梁优化了横向连接,改善了接缝横向受力状态,提高了结构整体性、承载能力和耐久性,并且加快了施工速度,减少了河道占用,目前改造后的桥梁使用状态良好,该设计思路及加固方案可为类似工程提供借鉴。

预应力混凝土空心板桥梁加固方法研究

为解决预应力混凝土空心板桥梁应用环节存在的结构承载力下降、桥体老化严重问题,规避由此引发的桥梁受损、桥面裂缝困境,保证桥梁运行质量,对预应力混凝土空心板桥梁加固方法展开研究,以案例解剖的方式,基于三维有限元模型分析桥梁病害的具体形式和产生原因。在此基础上初步制定技术方案,并结合数值计算结果、经济性、可行性分析结果确定最终方案,梳理方案技术流程、评估方案应用效果,以提高预应力混凝土空心板桥梁建设质量。

预制装配式大悬臂UHPC空心盖梁受力性能分析研究

盖梁在桥梁结构中起着承上启下的重要作用,城市桥梁的盖梁大多采用大悬臂结构形式,而预制装配式大悬臂盖梁的体积大、质量大,这对运输和吊装提出了非常高的要求。为了减轻预制装配式大悬臂盖梁自重,促进预制装配式下部结构的工程应用,文章以预制装配式大悬臂盖梁的轻量化为研究目的,对采用UHPC材料的Π形空心盖梁、C80实心盖梁和C80倒U形盖梁,开展相关力学性能分析研究。研究结果表明:UHPC材料具有优异的力学性能,虽然UHPC-Π形盖梁的空心段壁厚比普通混凝土倒U形盖梁更薄,但其抗弯和抗剪承载力基本能够与普通混凝土实心盖梁以及普通混凝土倒U形盖梁保持在相同水平。UHPC材料的强度对Π形盖梁抗扭承载力的影响很小,而顶板厚度的影响较为显著,可通过增大顶板厚度的方式提高Π形盖梁的抗扭承载力。