Therapeutic and Medicinal Uses of <i>Aloe vera</i>: A Review

The plant Aloe vera is used in Ayurvedic, Homoeopathic and Allopathic streams of medicine, and not only tribal community but also most of the people for food and medicine. The plant leaves contains numerous vitamins, minerals, enzymes, amino acids, natural sugars and other bioactive compounds with emollient, purgative, anti-microbial, anti inflammatory, antioxidant, aphrodisiac, anti-helmenthic, antifungal, antiseptic and cosmetic values for health care. This plant has potential to cure sunburns, burns and minor cuts, and even skin cancer. The external use in cosmetic primarily acts as skin healer and prevents injury of epithelial tissues, cures acne and gives a youthful glow to skin, also acts as extremely powerful laxative.

Design,delivery and efficacy testing of therapeutic nucleic acids used to inhibit hepatitis C virus gene expression in vitro and in vivo

Despite major achievements in the treatment ofchronic hepatitis C with the combination ofinterferons and the nucleoside analog ribavirin themajority of patients with chronic hepatitis C virus(HCV) infection cannot be treated effectively.Toimprove this response rate we used antisensetechnologies to inhibit HCV translation as possibleadditional option for experimental treatment.Antisense oligodeoxynucleotides(ODN) are

Continuous Wear of Hydrogel Contact Lenses for Therapeutic Use

Purpose: To investigate the efficacy and complications of continuous wear of etafilcon A for therapeutic use. Materials and Methods: The subjects were 228 eyes of 219 outpatients prescribed contact lens (CL) for one week of continuous therapeutic wear during 10 years. The reason for prescription of CLs, the primary disease, the duration of CL wear and the complications were assessed retrospectively. Results: The predominant reason for prescription of CLs was relief of pain or a foreign-body sensation (62.3%) and protection of the corneal epithelium (20.6%). The primary disease was post-penetrating keratoplasty (36.8%), followed by corneal epithelial erosion (14.5%), post-lamellar keratoplasty (14.0%) and bullous keratopathy (12.2%). The average duration of wearing single lens was 6.5 ± 3.2 days. The average duration of wearing CLs in total was 9.2 ± 10.7 months. The most frequent problem associated with continuous wear of CLs was their dropping out of CLs (12.3%). The complications associated with CLs included conjunctivitis with papillary hyperplasia, corneal erosion and superficial punctate keratitis, but corneal ulcer and corneal infiltrates were not found. Conclusion: Serious complications were not shown changing the lenses every week to keep to the prescribed time limit for continuous therapeutic wear, even if corneal epithelial barrier function is impaired.

Clinacanthus nutans:a review of the medicinal uses,pharmacology and phytochemistry

Clinacanthus nutans Lindau is known as snake grass belonging to the Acanlhaceae family.This plant has diverse and potential medicinal uses in traditional herbal medicine for treating skin rashes,insects and snake bites,lesions caused by herpes simplex virus,diabetes,and gout in Malaysia.Indonesia.Thailand and China.Phylochemieal investigations documented the varied contents of bioaclive compounds from litis plant namely flavonoids,glycosides,glycoglyeerolipids.cerebrosides and monoacylmonogalatosylglycerol.The pharmacological experiment proved that various types of extracts and pure compounds from this species exhibited a broad range of biological properties such as anti-inflammatory,antiviral,antioxidant,and anti-diabetic activities.The lindings of toxicity study showed that extracts from this plant did not show any toxicity thus it can be used as strong therapeutic agents for specific diseased conditions.However,further experiments on chemical components and their mode of action showing biological activities are required to elucidate the complete phytochemical profile and assess to confirm their suitability tor future drugs.This review summarizes the medicinal uses,phytochemistry and pharmacology of this plant in order to explore its therapeutic potential and gaps necessitating for prospected research work.

Comparison of long-lasting therapeutic effects between succimer and penicillamine on hepatolenticular degeneration

AIM To compare the long term effect of succimer (Suc) with that of penicillamine (Pen) in treating hepatolenticular degeneration (HLD). METHODS One hundred and twenty patients with HLD were divided into 2 groups. Group A ( n =60) received Suc 750mg , po. bid. Group B ( n =60) received Pen 250mg , po. qid. The period of maintenance treatment varied from 6 months to 3 years, averaging 1 5 years. Symptoms and therapeutic effects were evaluated by modified Goldstein scale. RESULTS The total effectiveness of group A in two different periods of treatment were 80% and 85% respectively, higher than those of group B (58% and 59% respectively) ( P <0 05). Suc also had obvious curative effects for the patients who failed in the use of Pen. There were fewer side effect in group A than in group B ( P <0 05). Suc and Pen could increase urinary copper excretion effectively and continually. CONCLUSION Suc is more effective and safer than Pen. Clinically, it can replace Pen as first choice drug for long term maintenance therapy of HLD.

Functional dyspepsia of ulcer-dysmotility type:clinical incidence and therapeutic strategy

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Therapeutic role of template-based lymphadenectomy in urothelial carcinoma of the upper urinary tract

Lymphadenectomy for urothelial carcinoma of the upper urinary tract has attracted the attention of physicians. The mapping study of lymphatic spread has shown that a relatively wide area should comprise the regional nodes for tumors of the right renal pelvis or the right upper two-thirds of the ureter. A prospective study showed that an anatomical templatebased lymphadenectomy significantly improved patient survival in tumors of the renal pelvis. This benefit was more evident for patients with p T2 stage tumors or higher. The risk of regional node recurrence is significant reduced by template-based lymphadenectomy,which is likely to be associated with improved patient survival. The removal of lymph node micrometastases is assumed to be the reason for therapeutic benefit following lymphadenectomy. The number of resected lymph nodes can be used to assess the quality of lymphadenectomy,but not to determine the extent of lymphadenectomy. The guidelines currently recommend lymphadenectomy for patients with muscle-invasive disease,even though the current recommendation grades are still low. The present limitation of lymphadenectomy is the lack of standardization of the extent of lymphadenectomy and the randomized trials. Further studies are warranted to collect the evidence to support lymphadenectomy.

Blastocystis hominis as a cause of chronic diarrhea in low-resource settings:A systematic review

BACKGROUND Blastocystis hominis(B.hominis),an anaerobic unicellular protist parasite,is known for its diverse clinical manifestations upon infecting the human gastrointestinal tract.Although globally distributed,it is particularly prevalent in developing nations.Examining the symptoms and treatment outcomes of B.hominis infection in low-resource settings holds immense significance,providing healthcare practi-tioners with valuable insights to enhance patient care.AIM To synthesize existing evidence on the symptomatology and treatment outcomes of B.hominis infection in low-resource settings.METHODS Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis guidelines,a systematic review was conducted.The search spanned electronic databases including PubMed,Scopus,and Google Scholar.After a comprehensive screening process,a thorough examination of the papers,adhering to inclusion and exclusion criteria,and data extraction from eligible studies was conducted.The findings underwent summarization through simple descriptive analysis.RESULTS The search yielded 1200 papers,with 17 meeting inclusion criteria.Chronic diarrhea due to B.hominis infection was reported in only two studies,while abdominal pain,diarrhea,flatulence,constipation,and nausea/vomiting emerged as the most commonly documented symptoms.Recovery rates after one week of treatment ranged from 71.8%to 100%,and after two weeks,from 60%to 100%.CONCLUSION In low-resource settings,chronic diarrhea resulting from B.hominis infection is infrequent.Common symptoms include abdominal pain,diarrhea,flatulence,constipation,and nausea/vomiting.Post-treatment,clinical outcomes are notably favorable,supporting the recommendation for treatment.Metronidazole is advocated as the first-line agent,with consideration for switching to a second-line option in cases of treatment failure or poor response.

High-intensity focused ultrasound extracorporeal ablation of liver tissuesin rabbits

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对比分析输尿管镜钬激光碎石与体外冲击波碎石在治疗输尿管结石中的有效性及安全性

目的对比分析输尿管镜钬激光碎石术与体外冲击波碎石术在治疗输尿管结石的疗效及安全性方面的异同。方法本研究回顾性选取2023年2月—2024年2月中国人民解放军联勤保障部队第九四三医院接受治疗的100例输尿管结石患者的临床资料。根据治疗方式的不同分为两组,每组50例。常规组接受体外冲击波碎石治疗,探究组采用输尿管镜钬激光碎石治疗。对比两组炎症因子水平、并发症发生率、治疗有效率及结石清除率。结果治疗后,探究组炎症因子水平、并发症发生率均低于常规组,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05);治疗后,探究组治疗有效率(96.00%)及结石清除率(94.00%)均高于常规组(82.00%、80.00%),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=5.005、4.332,P均<0.05)。结论相较于体外冲击波碎石,输尿管镜钬激光碎石在治疗输尿管结石方面表现出更加优越的疗效和更可靠的安全性,具有较低的炎症因子水平和并发症发生率,同时提高了治疗有效率和结石清除率。

分析钬激光手术对输尿管结石并发息肉患者的治疗效果及复发情况

目的分析钬激光手术对输尿管结石并发息肉患者的治疗效果及复发情况。方法收集2020年2月至2023年2月期间在我院就诊的输尿管结石并发息肉患者100例中随机选取,分为对照组(n=50)和实验组(n=50)。对照组采用传统的开放式手术进行治疗。实验组采用钬激光手术进行治疗。对比两组患者手术时间、失血量以及住院天数。对比两组患者在治疗前后的血肌酐(Scr)以及血尿素氮(BUN)水平的变化。对比两组患者的手术成功率,并发症发生率和术后6个月的复发率。使用Logistics回归分析来探究影响患者术后复发的危险因素。结果实验组患者手术时间、失血量以及住院天数显著低于对照组患者(P<0.001)实验组患者术后Scr和BUN与对照组相比明显降低(P<0.05)。实验组患者术后成功率与对照组相比不存在统计学差异(P>0.05)。但是实验组患者术后并发症发生率与术后6个月复发率显著低于对照组患者(P>0.05)。Logistic回归分析结果显示饮食习惯和手术方案是影响患者输尿管结石复发的危险因素。结论钬激光手术是治疗输尿管结石和输尿管息肉的有效方法,它不仅能提高患者的生活质量,减少患者的痛苦,还能降低术后并发症的发生和疾病的复发率。

Controversies regarding transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells

Mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)have tantalized regenerative medicine with their therapeutic potential,yet a cloud of controversies looms over their clinical tran-splantation.This comprehensive review navigates the intricate landscape of MSC controversies,drawing upon 15 years of clinical experience and research.We delve into the fundamental properties of MSCs,exploring their unique immuno-modulatory capabilities and surface markers.The heart of our inquiry lies in the controversial applications of MSC transplantation,including the perennial debate between autologous and allogeneic sources,concerns about efficacy,and lingering safety apprehensions.Moreover,we unravel the enigmatic mechanisms surro-unding MSC transplantation,such as homing,integration,and the delicate balance between differentiation and paracrine effects.We also assess the current status of clinical trials and the ever-evolving regulatory landscape.As we peer into the future,we examine emerging trends,envisioning personalized medicine and innovative delivery methods.Our review provides a balanced and informed perspective on the controversies,offering readers a clear understanding of the complexities,challenges,and potential solutions in MSC transplantation.

输尿管镜下钬激光碎石术治疗输尿管结石的临床研究

目的:探讨输尿管镜下钬激光碎石术治疗输尿管结石的临床价值。方法:纳入本院2020年10月至2021年10月收治的输尿管结石患者46例,随机数字表法分为研究组、对照组,各23例,分别开展输尿管镜下钬激光碎石术、气压弹道碎石术治疗,就两组患者治疗效果、实验室检查指标等进行测定对比。结果:治疗后研究组患者治疗总有效率高于对照组,术后白细胞计数、血清降钙素原、C-反应蛋白等低于对照组,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:对输尿管结石患者开展输尿管镜下钬激光碎石术治疗,与气压弹道碎石术相比疗效更为突出,同时能够改善术后早期炎性状况,值得开展。

输尿管钬激光碎石在老年输尿管结石治疗的效果及对结石清除率的影响分析

目的 研究输尿管钬激光碎石术在老年输尿管结石治疗的效果以及对结石清除率影响效果。方法 简单随机选取2022年1—12月江阴临港医院泌尿外科收治的80例老年输尿管结石患者为研究对象,按照随机数表法分为两组,对照组(n=40)实施常规体外冲击波碎石术治疗,观察组(n=40)实施输尿管钬激光碎石术治疗。比较两组患者各项手术指标和结石清除率,以及治疗前后炎症因子水平、氧化应激指标水平。结果 观察组术中出血量、住院时间、下床时间、肾造瘘管留置时间短于对照组,手术时间长于对照组,结石清除率高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。治疗前,两组患者的炎症因子水平、氧化应激指标对比,差异无统计学意义(P均>0.05);治疗后,观察组的炎症因子水平、氧化应激指标优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。结论 老年输尿管结石患者通过输尿管钬激光碎石术治疗,可提升其结石清除率以及临床效果。

输尿管镜下钬激光碎石取石术治疗老年泌尿系统结石的疗效及安全性分析

目的对比气压弹道碎石和输尿管镜下钬激光碎石两种术式治疗老年泌尿系统结石的临床治疗效果。方法随机选取2021年2月—2024年2月惠安新惠兴老年病医院收治的100例老年泌尿系统结石患者为研究对象,根据不同手术方式分为对照组(n=50)和观察组(n=50)。对照组接受传统气压弹道碎石术治疗,观察组接受输尿管镜下钬激光碎石取石术治疗。对比两组的手术基本情况、一期碎石成功率、碎石疗效以及并发症发生率。结果观察组手术时间、术后下床活动时间、术后住院时间均短于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。观察组一期碎石成功率为100.00%(50/50),高于对照组的86.00%(43/50),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=5.530,P<0.05)。观察组治疗总有效率高于对照组,并发症总发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。结论输尿管镜下钬激光碎石取石术治疗老年泌尿系统结石在治疗效果及安全性方面更具优势。

USE OF CELL-BASED BIOASSAY FOR THE QUALITY CONTROL OF BOTANICAL THERAPEUTICS

The single most important factor in modernization efforts of traditional oriental medicines is the limited understanding of active compounds responsible for claimed therapeutic effects.Indeed,the unknown identity of biologically active molecules generates major difficulties associated with botanical therapeutics in general.This includes management of raw materials,poor understanding of

大功率医用钬激光治疗机治疗犬膀胱结石的组织安全性评价

为了评价钬激光治疗膀胱结石的安全性,以6只雌性Beagle犬为医学实验对象,提出了利用膀胱镜镜鞘通过犬的尿道将人体结石直接植入到犬膀胱内的新方法,建立了一种用时较短、对膀胱组织无损伤的犬膀胱结石新模型,并采用输出功率为100 W的HANS-H100医用钬激光治疗机进行了碎石,对钬激光治疗膀胱结石开展了组织安全性评价方面的医学实验研究。实验结果表明:碎石后6只犬精神状态良好,摄食饮水正常,呼吸及对外界反应均未见明显异常;碎石后观察到尿道或膀胱有一定的损伤,引起动物血尿,但该损伤是可逆性的,碎石后14 d尿液恢复正常;碎石后24 h观察到膀胱黏膜有不同程度的损伤,主要表现为黏膜上皮细胞变性坏死、黏膜固有层水肿、大量炎性细胞浸润,肌层内肌纤维间水肿、少量炎性细胞浸润等变化;碎石后7 d主要表现为黏膜上皮细胞脱落、黏膜固有层内水肿,固有层肉芽结缔组织增生等改变;碎石后14 d膀胱组织学结构恢复正常,说明该损伤是可逆性的变化。该实验证明大功率医用钬激光治疗机用于治疗膀胱结石是安全有效的。

喉罩通气下经支气管镜钬激光治疗气道肿瘤的临床观察

为了探讨在喉罩通气下经支气管镜钬激光治疗晚期气道肿瘤的疗效、安全性和可行性,用异丙酚、瑞芬太尼和氯化琥珀胆碱行静脉全身麻醉下喉罩通气经支气管镜钬激光治疗10例气道肿瘤患者,采用美国科以人公司生产的脉冲式钬激光石英光导纤维,功率控制在8～12W,脉冲频率10～20Hz,总能量控制在10～40J,距离靶位0.5～1cm处照射治疗,每次照射3～10s,以分次照射、多次钳取坏死物交替进行。10例患者经支气管镜下16次钬激光治疗后,完全有效6例,部分有效4例,有效率100%。初步研究结果提示,喉罩通气下经支气管镜钬激光治疗气道肿瘤安全、可行,治疗效果明显,为临床治疗气道梗阻提供了一种新的治疗手段。

腔内钬激光碎石术与开放手术治疗复杂性输尿管结石的疗效比较

目的比较腔内钬激光碎石术与开放手术治疗复杂性输尿管结石的有效性及安全性。方法将2005年8月～2006年10月收治的复杂性输尿管结石患者72例(84侧)分为两组,其中采用腔内钬激光碎石术治疗39例(47侧),开放手术治疗33例(37侧)。比较两组结石排净率、手术时间和术后住院日的差异。结果钬激光碎石组的手术时间(56·72±15·67)min和术后住院日(4·87±3·05)d均明显短于开放手术组(81·49±20·95)min、(8·12±2·14)d,差异有显著性(P<0·01);两组结石的排净率差异无显著性(P>0·05)。结论腔内钬激光碎石治疗复杂性输尿管结石疗效确切、安全可靠,具有创伤小、手术时间短、术后恢复快等优点,可作为治疗复杂性输尿管结石的首选方法。

经尿道前列腺绿激光汽化切除与钬激光剜除治疗良性前列腺增生的疗效对比分析

目的:比较绿激光汽化切除术(PVP)与钬激光剜除术(HoLEP)对前列腺增生的手术治疗效果。方法:2013年5月～2017年6月,对286例PVP患者及132例HoLEP患者的术前一般情况,手术情况,术后Qmax、PVR及IPSS指标进行分析比较。结果:两组患者术前一般情况各指标间均差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。HoLEP组平均手术时间长于PVP组(P=0.032),余各参考值比较均差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组患者术后随访Q_(max)、PVR及IPSS指标较术前均明显改善,两组上述各指标间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:PVP手术与HoLEP手术相比,两者均安全可靠、疗效确切,临床应用前景广阔。